Biography
"In 45 minutes, the topic" Silver Age "is almost impossible to tell, because it takes five years for a student-philologist to start a very approximately to deal with it," said Publisher and literary critic Dmitry Bykov.With this statement, it is impossible to disagree, because at the turn of the late XIX - the beginning of the 20th century, so many undeniable talents and literary flows appeared, which is really difficult to tell about all. This is a representative of Akmeism Nikolai Gumilev, and the supporter of Cubobuturism Vladimir Mayakovsky, and also should not be noted by Igor Northerner, Anna Akhmatov, Alexander Bloka, Kornea Chukovsky and other famous personalities. But from this list it is necessary to allocate the symbolist of Innocent Annensky, who stood at the origins of the formation of directions in Russian poetry.Childhood and youth
Innocent Annensky was born on August 20 (September 1) of 1855 in Omsk, which is rich in attractions and cultural values (no wonder Omsk is called the "theatrical city"). The future poet has grown in the average and exemplary family. Innocent's parents were not close to the creativity: his mother Natalia Petrovna led a household, and Father Fedor Nikolaevich occupied a high state post.
The main breadwill in the house received the position of chairman of the provincial government, so parents and son moved to the city of universities and scientists - Tomsk.
But in this place, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Innokenti, was unhappy about which at one time, Innokenti had long been: Already in 1860, because of the work of Father Annensky again gathered the suitcases and left the harsh Siberia, "the road lay in St. Petersburg. It is known that Fyodor Nikolayevich soon became interested in Afera, so he broke, remaining with nothing.
As a child, Annensky was weak health, but the boy did not stay at home training and went to a secondary private school, and later became a student of the 2nd Petersburg Progimazy. Since 1869, Innokenty was on the Bench of Private Gymnasium V. I. Bensha, in parallel preparing for admission to the university. In 1875, Annensky stayed at his older brother Nikolai Fedorovich, who was a journalist, an economist and publicist populist.
Nikolai Fedorovich, formed and intelligent man influenced Innokentia and helped him in preparing for exams. Thus, Annensky easily became a student of the historical and philological faculty of St. Petersburg University, which graduated in 1879. It is noteworthy that in all subjects the poet had solid "fives", whereas in philosophy and theology stood marks on the ball below.
Further, they did not have time to dry ink on Annensky's diploma, he began to lecture the ancient languages and Russian literature in Gurevich's gymnasium and he heard the strongest teacher. Among other things, Innokentiy Fedorovich held posts by the director of the Galarian College, the eighth of St. Petersburg Gymnasium and the Gymnasium in the Tsarist village, where Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin had once studied.
Literature
Innocent Fedorovich began writing from early age. But then the poet did not know what symbolism, therefore referred to mystics. By the way, symbolism is the largest course in literature and art, characterized by mystery, mysteriousness, use of hints and metaphorical expressions. But, according to critics, the creativity of the genius of literature does not fit into the framework of the "symbolism", but represents the "preimolution".
In addition to this Innocent, Fedorovich tried to follow the "religious genre" of the Spanish painter of the "Golden Century" Bartoloma Estebana Murillo. True, the writer was trying to convey the expression of virgin purity, meekness and prayerful lunizing with the help of words, not brushes and paints.
It is noteworthy that Innokentiy Fedorovich did not seek to show his early creative consumers in eminent writers and owners of magazines. The fact is that Nikolai Fedorovich advised the younger brother to begin to be printed in adulthood, established on the life path and realized his vocation.
Therefore, the book "Quiet Songs" was published in only 1904, when Innokenty Annensky was heard a brilliant teacher and a respected person. The symbolist began to engage in drama, from under his feather there were plays: "Melanippa-philosopher" (1901), "King Ixion" (1902), "Laudamia" (1906) and "Famira-Kifharad" (1913-posthumous) in which The poet tried to imitate the favorite ancient Greek writers of Euripid, Sophokla and Eshil, the genius of ancient mythology.
In his manuscripts, Annensky adhered to impressionism: he described things not as he knew, for all the phenomena and items were inherent in the vision of the poet at the moment. The main motives in the works of Innocent Fedorovich are melancholy, melancholy, sadness and loneliness, so so often he describes cold, twilight and sunsets without excessive pretentiousness and exaltation. This trend is traced in the poems "Snow", "Bow and Strings", "Two Love", "Mistore Sonnet" and other remarkable works.
Among other things, Innocent Fedorovich replenished the creative biography by transferring the manuscripts of his foreign colleagues. Thanks to him, Russian-speaking readers became acquainted with the famous tragedies of Euripid, as well as with poems Horata, Johann Goethe, Hans Muller, Christian Heine and other literary geniuses.
Annensky made a huge contribution to the world of trickled lines. For example, his poem "bells" can be correlated with the first product in a futuristic style. The second poetic collection of Innocent Fedorovich "Cypress casket" brought a poet recognition and fame, however, posthumously. There entered the poems "among the worlds", "Oreanda", "Silver Noon", "Ice Prison", "October Myth" and other works.
Personal life
Contemporaries Innocent Fedorovich said that he was a loyal and kind person. But sometimes overwhelmingly played a dick joke. For example, he lost the position of director in the gymnasium in the royal village.
There is little information about the personal life of the poet information, because even in his works, the writer was rarely shared by spiritual experiences and what remains under the veil of the mystery. It is known that the fate of the anniversary of Annene's Suesday with an eccentric 36-year-old widow (dina) Valentinovna, which came from a trivial class. Lovers perpetuated their relationship with the Uza marriage, and Son Valentin was born soon.
Death
Innokentiy Fedorovich died unexpectedly. Of course, he had weak health, but in that fatal day, November 30 (December 13) of 1909, nothing foreshadowed trouble. Annena died of a heart attack at the age of 54, right at the steps of the Tsarsko Selo Station (St. Petersburg).Interesting Facts
- Once, when Innokenty Annensky was in a bad mood and was burdened by the Things, his spouse came to him and said: "Kenchek! What are you sitting sad? Rotik cutting, I will give you an orange! " Also Dina loved to arrange lunches with her friends, although Annensky escaped people and adhered to the politicians of Outsider. What did the poet think about his marriage is unknown.
- Annensky began to be printed in a 48-year-old, not seeking recognition and glory: the poet hid his true face, publishing under the nickname nickname.
- During the years of Annensky, his sister found the first sweeps of a little creator. But instead of praise, the boy got a darling laughter, because the girls were overpowing a row from the poem: "God shoves with heaven to her sweet fig." It gave rise to a lot of jokes, so Innokentiy Fedorovich hid his drafts in a secluded place, fearing to provide them to the public.
- The poetic collection "Cypress casket" was called so no accident: Innokentia stood a casket from a cypress tree, where the poet stored notebooks and drafts.
Quotes
"... I love when there are children in the houseAnd when they cry at night. "" Love is not peaceful, it should have a moral result, first of all for loving. "" But ... there are such minutes,When scary and empty in the chest ...
I am hard - and mute and bent ...
I want to be one ... Go! "" Oh, let eternity me, - and Eternity I will give
For indifference to the insults and years. "" There is love like smoke:
If it is closely for her - she is dope,
Give her will - and it will not be ...
To be smoke - but forever young. "
Bibliography
Tragedy:
- 1901 - "Melanippa-philosopher"
- 1902 - "King Ixion"
- 1906 - "Lodamia"
- 1906 - "Famir-Kifhad"
Collections of poems:
- 1904 - "Silent Songs"
- 1910 - "Cypress casket"