Biography
Valery Vladimirovich Polyakov - Soviet cosmonaut and scientist. Installed a record of stay at the orbital station "Peace". He was awarded the titles of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the hero of Russia.
The birth of the future cosmonaut Valery Polyakova became known on April 27, 1942. War raged around a thousand people daily, but Evdokia Fedorovna Polyakova presented the hero and Russia of Russia. The first months of Valery's life turned out to be incredibly complex. There was nothing in Tula: the plants evacuated, left the civilian population and servicemen.
Mom Polyakova-younger worked as a teacher in high school. The father of the stars did not have enough of the sky, worked by the average worker. But this did not mean that the future of Valery was predetermined. At a young age, the teenager showed interest in the medical sphere of activity, and not to space.
After graduating from school number 4, which is located in Tula, the guy went to conquer Moscow. In 1958, Valery told his parents that he was now a student of the Moscow Medical Institute. After 6 years, a diploma of a doctor was in his pocket of the future cosmonaut. Polyakov planned to continue the formation by a physician, so he went to the ordinacy, which operated at the medical institute. E.I. Marcinovsky.
It was a year before Valery realized that the doctor's career was not suitable for him. Poles moved to the All-Union Research Institute. ON THE. Semashko, and without defending the thesis. In the institution worked until 1967 and reached the senior referent.
The next four years Valery worked in the General Office under the Ministry of Health as a senior inspector. The scope of Polyakova's duties included space medicine. There was not enough money, so Valery was working as a doctor in ambulance.
Cooperation with astronauts fascinated by Valery Vladimirovich, so the young man decides to change life. In 1969, Poles reports an application for admission to the cosmonaut detachment. 365 days were considered Paper Valery, after which a comprehensive medical examination began, according to the results of which Polyakov is recognized as suitable.
Valery Vladimirovich did not want to be limited to the cosmonautics. The man was in graduate school of the Institute of Medical and Biological Problems. After 3 years, Polyakov became a candidate of medical sciences.
Cosmonautics
The official biography of Valery Polyakov as a cosmonaut began in 1972. But immediately into space to get a qualified medic. Only after 6 years of the young man were allowed to general space training that took another year.
It took away a lot of time, but the zealous Polyakov managed to schedule in such a way that it remains to be able to engage in scientific research in the laboratories of the Institute of Medical and Biological Rangers. At first, Valery Vladimirovich served as a junior researcher, later a man rose to the elder.
Persery and diligence Polyakov rated in 1980. Medic received the qualifications of the test cosmonaut. The responsible stage of activity began. A young man had a long-term preparation for space flights. The next 8 years of Valery Vladimirovich worked as the head of the squad, a cosmonaut, a doctor and researcher. Until now, the secretion of Polyakov's ability to reveal.
The long-awaited flight in space took place on August 29, 1988. The team was attended by Soviet and Afghan astronauts - Vladimir Lyakhov and Abdul Aha Momand. Men went beyond the limits of the planet Earth on the ship "Soyuz-TM-6". The docking of the board of the spacecraft and the orbital station "Peace" was successful.
Before Valery Polyakov, put a specific task. The expert was to study physiological conditions that would help develop new techniques to improve the level of medical support on prolonged space flights. On April 27, 1989, the first flight for the team ended. In weightlessness, the guys were 240 days. No accidents were recorded during landing.
The government decided to reward Valery Polyakova to the Hero of the USSR and the Republic of Afghanistan. Such a cosmonaut was honored after returning to Earth. Flight into space changed the life of a physician. The man was appointed deputy head of flights, director of ICBP in the field of science.
She passed 5 years before Valery Vladimirovich was allowed to a new flight. Start Soyuz-TM-18 spacecraft Dali January 8, 1994. Again the cosmonaut was at the World orbital station.
This business trip beyond the limits of the planet has become more than one and amounted to 437 days. Poles, such a long stay at the Mir station broke the world record. Until now, no cosmonaut managed to exceed this result.
Record Flight turned out to be the last in the career of Valery Vladimirovich. In 1995, Polyakov wrote an application for dismissal from the rows of astronauts. Thus, an experienced specialist retired. But it did not dare to leave the space sphere. In 2000, the ex-cosmonaut was invited to participate in the international experiment.
The project was organized by the Institute of Medical and Biological Rangers. Space agencies from Canada, Japan, Europe and even employees of US universities participated in the experiment. For this, the special "terrestrial space" was built, in which Valery Polyakov had to spend 7 days.
During the experiment, the Russian cosmonaut became a carrier of the crew, which was allegedly present at the space station. Ideally repeating the atmosphere of the orbital complex model of the station sheltered experts for 240 days.
Valery Vladimirovich's activities appreciated the government. In the cosmonaut piggy bank, several dozen awards. I did not forget the Poles about scientific work. For some calculations, a man published more than 50 works on medicine and biology. Of course, in the works of Valery Vladimirovich represented research conducted in space and on Earth.
Personal life
In 1940, Nelia Fedorovna was born. Woman became the wife of the Soviet cosmonaut Valeria Polyakova. Now the spouse of the scientist has retired. Consisted of medical service. Nelya Fedorovna worked in the Moscow clinic of neuropathology by a neuropathologist.
In 1965, Polyakov's spouses were born daughter Elena. The young woman went to the footsteps of the parents and was in the medical environment. Elena Valerievna Sadennaya received the post of an eyepiece doctor. Not alien to the daughter of the cosmonaut and the scientific field of activity. Elena has a doctoral degree.
Valery Vladimirovich - Happy Father and Grandfather of two grandchildren. The guys are already adults and learn in high school.
Valery Polyakov Now
In the modern world there was a place for the Soviet cosmonaut Valery Polyakova. The scientist and conqueror of Cosmos carries out scientific and social activities. Oddly enough, but Valery Vladimirovich has something to regret.
Cosmonaut admits that he continues to dream of a space travel, since there are a lot of places in which the Poles would like to visit. But due to old age, they will not work.
Elderly man, though remains an active figure, but social networks, like "Instagram", does not use. A cosmonaut photo can be seen from official events or in an interview.
Awards
- 1988 - Hero of the Republic of Afghanistan, Kavaler of the Order "Sun of Freedom"
- 1989 - Hero of the Soviet Union, Kavaler of the Order of Lenin and the medal "Golden Star"
- 1989 - Officer of the Order of the Honorary Legion
- 1995 - Hero of the Russian Federation
- 1996 - Order "Parasat"
- 1999 - Prince Asturian Prize
- 2011 - Medal "For merits in the development of cosmos"