Biography
There is a category of people claiming that in order to achieve quality results, special conditions / skills / equipment are needed (it is not about the archimedee, threatening to turn the land in the presence of an appropriate support point). But there is another category of people who, despite anything in the fluff and dust, the convictions of the first their examples. The biography of one Venezuelan state and politician to the bright example.Childhood and youth
The future speaker was born and the leader of Venezuela Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias in Sabareta - a small village located in the staff of Barinas. This event occurred on July 28, 1954. The boy became the second of the seven children of Hugo de Los Reyes Chávez and his wife Elene Friaz de Chavez.
Early childhood hug in the village of Los Rastrohos, which, together with his elder brother, he left after the end of the elementary classes. Parents sent boys to her grandmother in Sabaret, in order to live with her, Hugo and Atan studied at the Lyceum named after the General Daniel O'Liiri.
Chavez, remembering childhood, often said that it was out of his poor, but happy. Then he dreamed of becoming a professional baseball player when he grows (in part, this dream came true in student years). After graduating from a lyceum, Hugo entered the Military Academy. In parallel studies, the guy played baseball and softball - it led him to participate in the country championships according to these sports.
Also, being a student of the Military Academy, Chavez was interested in the life and statements of the National Hero - General Simon Bolivar. Later, he got into his hands a book "Diary Che Guevara", and hugo caught fire by the ideas of the Latin American revolutionary. At the same time, Chavez drew attention to the poverty of Venezuela's working class and decided to correct this social injustice in the future.
In 1974, the leadership of the Academy sent its students to celebrate the deaths of the Battle of Ayakucho, which occurred during the independence of Peru. The event was performed by the head of state Juan Velasco Alvarado. Presidential speech on the need for hostilities in the interests of the working class due to the corruption of the ruling class produced a strong impression on the twenty-year-old Hugo Chavez.
Another landmark event that happened to Chavez during study at the Academy was acquainted with the son of the Supreme Commander of the National Guard Panama, Omar Torryhos, and a visit to Panama. Velasco and Torrichos became ideological inspirers of Hugo - on their examples, the ideas and displacement of the military leadership of civil authorities were based on their examples. In 1975, Hugo graduated with honors from a military university and went to the army.
Politics
During the service in the Anti-Partisan division, held in Barinas, after the next raid, the guy found a cache with the literature of a communist nature (including with the works of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin). Several keen books left himself and familiarized himself with them in his spare time. The read forced Chávez to root in his left views.
Two years later, in the state of Ansategue, the detachment of Hugo fought with the grouping "The Batch of the Red Flag". After communicating with the prisoners, the UGO group began to understand that not only civil power was corrupt, but also the top of the military leadership. Otherwise, how to explain the fact that income from the sale of oil does not go to the help of poor residents of the country.
Such a revelation leads to the fact that in 1982, Chavez founds the "Bolivarian Revolutionary Party-200" (later the "revolutionary Bolivarian movement-200"). The initial idea of the organization was positioned by the study of the military history of the state in order to create a new personal system of combat operations.
Later, the political scientist Barry Cannon argued that the "revolutionary Bolivarian movement-200" was becoming the formation of a new ideament, which had absorbed all the best from previous ideal models. In 1981, the hugo receives the title of captain and during the semester teaches in his former university, sharing his ideas and recruitment among them.
After that, Chavez was sent by leadership to the city of Elors. Hugo has suspicions that it was a link, because military leaders began to worry about his actions. Chavez was not confused - instead, he started acquaintance with the tribes of Yaruro and Kuiba - the lands of the land, which at that time belonged to the Venezuelan state of Apura.
Fielding with Yaruro and Kuiba, Chavez realized that it was necessary to stop the oppression of the indigenous citizens of the country and revise the laws on the protection of the rights of indigenous residents (which would later be implemented). In 1986, Hugo Chavez received the title of Major.
Two years later, the presidential post took Carlos Andres Perez. He managed to win the race during the elections thanks to the promises announced in the election campaign. In particular, the promise to discontinue follow the monetary policy of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
In fact, Peres launched another worst mechanism - a neoliberal model is more profitable for the United States and IMF. Citizens Venezuela did not categorically like. People came to rallies, but by decree of the president, all mass protests were brutally suppressed with the help of the military. Chavez at that time was lying in the hospital, so when the news came to him, he realized that a military coup was needed.
According to the developed Hugo and his team, the plan followed the key military facilities and the media, eliminate Perez, replacing it with a proven candidacy - Rafael Caldera (one of the former presidents of the country). Everything was ready for this.
But, nevertheless, the attempt of the state coup, produced in 1992, was not crowned with success. Because of the small number of supporters, numerous betrayals, unverified data and other unforeseen circumstances, Chavez's plan failed. On February 5 of the same year, Hugo independently surrendered to the authorities and spoke on television for his supporters to surrender, saying that so far he lost.
This event was considered in detail the media throughout the world (articles with the photo of the hugo were in all major publications of the world) and brought a fame prisoner to the Military Prison of San Carlos Chavez. Also, these events were not bypass and Carlos Andres Peresa - for officials and worship of the state budget in personal and criminal purposes in 1993, the President was convicted and removed from office. Caldera came to replace him.
Rafael Caldera freed the Hugo and his supporters, removing all the accusations, but forbid to serve in the ranks of the country's armed forces. Chavez then immediately went to promote his ideas among fellow citizens, as well as to seek support abroad (then his acquaintance with Fidel Castro).
During the Tour of Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, Cuba and Argentina Chavez learned from the associates that the actions of the current president of the caldera are not much different from the actions of Peres. Suspecting something wrong, hugo returned to his homeland.
Chavez understood that it was possible to come to power only for a violent way, since the oligarchs would not let him win the caldera in the upcoming elections. Nevertheless, the hugo decided to try to do without armed conflict, founding in 1997 "Movement for the Fifth Republic" (later became the Unified Socialist Party of Venezuela) - the left Socialist Party.
In the 1998 presidential races, Hugo Chavez managed to bypass Rafael Caldera, Irene Saas and Enrique Raehers, who joined the post of President Venezuela in 1999.
The first presidential term of Chavez lasted until 2001 and was marked by the repair of roads and hospitals, free treatment and vaccination, providing social assistance, revising the laws on the protection of the indigenous population, as well as the launch of the weekly transfer "Hello, President" in which anyone could have discussed with Chavez A pressing question or ask for help.
The first presidential term followed the second, third and even short fourth. The oligarchy could not overthrow the folk pet, the President of Hugo Chávez, despite the Pulling in 2002 and the referendum in 2004.
The fourth presidential term of Chuvez began in January 2013 and ended in March of the same year due to the death of Hugo. In fact, the role of the head of state was performed by Nicholas Maduro, who became the next president of Venezuela. And Hugo Chavez died at the age of 58.
Personal life
Twice was married. The first wife became Nancy Calmenares, from which Chavez's daughter's Rosa Virginia (1978) and Maria Gabriela (1980) and the son of Hugo Rafael (1983). After the birth of the son of Hugo broke up with Calmenares, continuing to take care of his children.
From 1984 to 1993, he consisted in unregistered relations with Erma Marxman - his companion. In 1997, he was married again and for the fourth time he became dad - the second wife Marisabel Rodriguez gave birth to Daughter Rosines. In 2004, the couple was separated.
Death
In 2011, Chavez learned what was sick with cancer. Then, at the personal invitation, Fidel Castro arrived in Cuba to undergo a course of operations. Hugo removed a malignant tumor, and he began to feel better. However, at the end of 2012, the pain again made himself felt.
On March 5, 2013, Hugo Chavez died. For a long time, the details were not disclosed, but later announced that the cause of death was an extensive heart attack. There were rumors that, in fact, Chavez was poisoned by Americans or his former associate, who became a dedicator, Francisco Arias Cardenas.
Initially, Hugo Chávez wanted to embellish, but for certain reasons it did not make it. Instead, the body of Chavez from the Military Academy, in which he studied and taught, carried to the museum of the revolution, where the farewell ceremony with the president and funeral took place. The heads of delegations from different countries came up with speeches, including from the United States (despite the fact that the sessions of the UN General Assembly, Chavez, unfore the inhabitants of the White House).