Biography
Fedor Sologub - Russian Poet, Prose, Publicist. In addition to the literary path, he was engaged in translation and led pedagogical activities. Biography is a vivid example of Russian symbolism. Until the current days, creativity strikes with its originality and ambiguity. There is no accurate interpretation of images and heroes. Poems excite the imagination with your mystical motifs. They are literally saturated with loneliness and mysteriousness. The novels lead to a state of shock and capture from the first pages.
Fyodor Sologub is a creative pseudonym poet. Birth name - Fedor Kuzmich's supernants. At the beginning of the creative path, he was published under his name, and in significant amounts.
Image of the poet symbolist demanded a bright name. Together with colleagues, various surnames were invented by the publication, the Option of Sologub was noticeable in this list. Such a name was one of the noble childbirth. The representative of this kind was Vladimir Sologub - Writer, Proseca. In order not to be confused, Fyodor makes the decision to remove one letter "l".
Childhood and youth
Date of birth - March 1, 1863. Mother's birth was in St. Petersburg. Dad of the future Creator is a native of the Poltava depth. The family was loved, the father did not have free and was serf. The only earnings are a sewing business. Parents Fedor Sologuba were highly educated people. There were always books in the house. Father was engaged in the formation of children and instilled in them love for art and poetry. Share his knowledge about world culture and literature with them with them crumbs.
Two years after the birth of Fedor Sologuba, a sister was born, and without that difficult life had only worsened. In full poverty, the death of the family of the family was injected in 1867. Mom remained alone with two children and without the slightest material support. Forced measure was its device a simple servant for wealthy people.
In the house with a noble family Agapov and held his childhood a young writer. Aristocrats with favor perceived the boy and even supported in a striving for their studies, given rare copies of books to read. Throughout the last life in the fate of the writer, foreign people often intervened, which helped in a difficult moment looking for themselves.
Childhood of a creative person can not be called rainbow. There was a contrast in life. On the one hand, the world of art, science and music. On the other hand, the atmosphere of poverty, the hard work of the mother on the melting kitchen and laundry, filled with steam. Sometimes she reached outbuilding, only to provide food children. Often, a mother broke away from hopelessness. There were cases of beating for the slightest provinces. The poet recalled how in the evening the mother came out not in the spirit.
A little later, when the writer has already taken place, they wrote the work "Consolation". There, without sticks, described life in that sad period. Extremely reluctant Fedor Sologub recalled this particular part of his biography. But to restore the full picture of the life of a creative personality, it is simply necessary.
Literary creativity
For the first time I tried myself in the poetry of Sologub at a twelveth age. I tried to describe my vitality during the junior period, when the achievements were delivered only thanks to their own work.
With inherent only at an early age, Fedor was convinced that fate - to become a recognized poet. Firmly went to the target, not for a moment not forgetting about the call. Sending one test after another, fate was not a favorable.
If you lower the fact as was the poor family, you can mention the modal torment of a novice poet. Creativity took place in a crucible town. There were less chances to become famous than barriers. He gave the first poems to the publication in provincial magazines with a low rating and meager number of readers.
1891 became a turning point in the fate of the author. This year, the young man got into the capital and there he met on his path of Nikolai Maksimovich Minsk (he was a representative at that time a new direction of mystical symbolism). The value of this meeting cannot be overestimated. Despite the short chat, Sologub left for reading early poems.
Another significant event of that year was the origin of the magazine "Northern Vestnik", over the creation of which Nikolai Minsk, Zinaida Hippius and other figures famous in literary circles worked. At that moment, they were engaged in searching for the work of the Manifesto Minsk, "at the light of conscience ...".
It was suitable as it can not be more creativity of a young author. The works of SOLOGUB helped in the design of the magazine, and for the poet they became a start of creative recognition. Next, we note significant dates in the fate of the writer, whose stories are able to disturb the minds of not one generation:
In 1892, the poet was moving to St. Petersburg. Broke into the creative union of symbolists of that time with an insurmountable desire for creativity.
1902 - the author completes the work on the famous novel "Small Dev." The narration of the work plunges into the state of shock, as it tells about the thoughts and feelings of the sadist teacher. Because of this topic, the popular publications refuse works to publish.
1905 - For the first time, one journal takes to the publication of the novel. But due to the closure of the magazine, the articles were interrupted and did not reach the reader in full.
1907 - "small demon" comes out in full format. From that moment on, this work became the most studious romance in Russian literature.
1908 - finishes the teacher career and marries.
1913 - Together with his wife, goes to the tour of Russian provinces. This gives strength to creative impulse.
1918 - becomes chairman of the Union of Artistic Literature.
The work of Fyodor Sologuba, Prosaika and the poet in one person, infinitely and multifaceted. Although, according to critics, creativity relates to symbolism, a large number of written works do not fit into the framework of this definition.
At the beginning of the creative path, he was exclusively poetry and achieved recognition in this matter. Later, learning at the institute, he is trying to create literary works, but often comes on the wall of misunderstanding and disapproval.
Personal life
He married Anastasia Chebotarev, the young spouse also had creative potential. The main activity was a writhe, earned with translations. The marriage happily existed for 19 years, until one day her mental illness was aggravated. She committed suicide. The body was discovered after months.
The death of his loved one is devoted to the poem. Often emphasizes the doom and peaceful loneliness. Therefore, works are filled with tragedy and hopelessness.
There were no children in marriage, and since Sologub turned out to be a monochombus, he lived the rest of his life alone, like a small person in a huge world.
Death
On the eve of the revolution, the writer is developing his own magazine. Lectures are successfully held in the cities of Germany and France. To change in the country, he was not ready and did not take a new power. He had attempts to immigrate, but unsuccessful.
In 1927, the writer actively begins to work on a new novel, unexpectedly falls and suddenly dies - an event takes place in Petrograd. The body was betrayed by the earth, the burial happened in the Smolensk cemetery, next to his wife.
Bibliography
- 1895 - "Heavy Dreams"
- 1905 - "Small demon"
- 1907-1914 - "Customermie Legend"
- 1912 - "sweat of poison"
- 1921 - "Snake Class", "Word"
- 1922 - "Epoch"