Biography
Alexander Lebed - Russian military and politician. The general visited the war in Afghanistan, participated in the events of 1991, personally signed by Khasavyurt agreements, and as a governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, fought with banditry, corruption and drunkenness of residents. Once in his youth dreamed of a pilot's career, but it was the sky and destroyed him.Childhood and youth
Alexander Ivanovich was born in the family of workers in Novocherkassk (Rostov region). Father, a leaving from Ukraine, two years spent in the camp for two 5-minute late finding, the Great Patriotic War passed. In peacetime, being an excellent Master of cars, Malyar and the joiner, led by schoolchildren working lessons. Mom worked all his life at the local telegraph.
In 5 years, Sasha appeared Alexey's younger brother, who in the future also made a military and politics career. Alexander, from his youth, was friends with sports, fond of boxing and masterfully played chess. And she was shot about heaven, was going to become a pilot. After school, he was surprised by the faith of the dream - three years in a row stubbornly tried to conquer the admissions commission of the Armavir flight session.
However, the young man was inflicted every time physicians of the educational institution - in the sitting position exceeded the norm of admissible growth. Between arrivals earned a loader in the store. And then became a student of Polytech and the year worked by a grinder at the plant of his native city.
Military service
In the piggy bank of a man several evidence of education. The desire to become a pilot crushed into a military career. Swan sat down at the desk of the Ryazan airborne school, where then he was left to command a training platoon and roth. Another diploma, and with honors, he received at the Military Academy. Frunze.
Alexander Ivanovich passed the Afghan War in the position of Kombat Parachyutov-paratroopers, where he even received a contusion. In the 80s, the track record of the commander and his deputy parachute regiments of Ryazan, Kostroma and Pskov was replenished. And before the restructuring, he participated in the suppression of rebounds against the Soviet power, which broke out in Azerbaijan and Georgia. In 1990, the Swan has served to Major General.
During the state coup in August 1991, a man was deputy commander of the Airborne Forces and took direct participation in historical events - together with Tula paratroopers, the building of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR was deposited. However, the day did not pass, as the swan joined Boris Yeltsin's associates.
After Alexander Ivanovich, three years led the elimination of armed conflict in Transnistria, trying to preserve the army and weapons for the Ministry of Defense of Russia. And in 1995, in the career of the military, they put a point, firing a lieutenant-general in stock. Swan himself filed a report without agreed with the idea of the reorganization of troops. The paratrooper reserved the right to wear a military uniform and opened the doors to a large policy.
Politics
The former communist, a member of the party by the end of 1995, was already sitting in the chair of the State Duma deputy from the Tula constituency, and a month later, he declared his own candidate in the presidential elections.
Success accompanied Alexander Ivanovich - according to the results of the first round, he was embarrassed in the top three leaders, typing almost 15% of the votes. But at the second stage, he expressed support for Yeltsin instead of the Secretary of the Security Council of Russia, and received "special powers". The status of Assistant President of National Security was added to position.
In the new role, Alexander Lebed participated in the development of Khasavyurt agreements - in documents regulating the relations between the Russian Federation and Chechnya and the cessation of hostilities in the Chechen lands, it is also its signature. In the fall, a terrible political scandal broke out. The military with the filing of the Minister of Internal Affairs Anatoly Kulikova falsely accused of preparing a military state vehicle and sent to resign.
In 1998, the political biography of the Swan was supplemented by the post of governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Voices in his favor gave 59% of the population. The elections were held with loud scandals - they found a lot of violations by applicants for a position, a couple of criminal cases were also charged.
To the leadership of the region, the new governor began at the beginning of the summer and immediately quarreled with the top of the Norilsk Nickel Plant, who only third taxes in the regional budget. The plant actually stood on the lands of the region, but the Norilsk Mountain Company was registered on Taimyr, which took the lion's share of taxes. To eliminate injustice, Alexander Ivanovich did not have enough powers.
Radical measures The leader of the region tried to apply to a number of moments. The general restricted the sale of alcohol, declared a salary delay for employees of the region's administration, until the issue with debts before representatives of the budget sector, entered into a conflict with business, causing entrepreneurs in criminal bonds.
Alexander Lebed had his own view of the management of the state and regions. The man believed that the bulk of the income of the regions should remain "at home", economic issues should be solved only by local, otherwise it is impossible, because Russia is too big. Swan mentioned the famous joke:
"While the signal from the dinosaur head comes to the tail, it must be rotated in the opposite direction, and the feedback is not provided at all."The people belonged to the swan in different ways. Someone hit his address speaking loud criticism, accusing to ignorance of local problems, because the team of the governor consisted mainly from Muscovites. Others appreciated the contribution to the development of the native land, because during the economic crisis, when the neighboring regions experienced a terrible decline, the Krasnoyarsk Territory on their background felt good.
Personal life
Alexander Ivanovich met the future wife, a teacher of mathematics on education, even when she worked as a grinder at the factory. Four years later, meetings, in 1971, Inna Alexandrovna agreed to marry a young man.
Three children were born in the family. Sasha's eldest son graduated from Tula Polytechnic University, dedicated the life of the sphere of cybernetics. Ekaterina's daughter is also a graduate of this university, married to the military. The younger son Ivan learned to them. Bauman. Children presented the parents of three grandchildren.
Alexander Lebed, he heard a healthy lifestyle, since 1993 completely refused alcoholic beverages. I joked that now the only fundamentally sober person in the country. Every day a man went to run, and in the winter rode skiing. In his free time, loved to sit in silence after the book, preferred the classics of Russian literature - Nikolai Gogol, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, liked the works of Ilya Ilf and Yevgeny Petrov.
Yes, and Alexander Ivanovich himself tried his strength in writing. From under his feather, two books came out - "For the power of an offensive" and "ideology of common sense."
In November 1996, Swan visited America and made friends there with Alain Delon. Men supported communication until the very death of the general. The actor even came to the Krasnoyarsk Territory to support a friend in elections.
Death
April 28, 2002 - the date of the death of Alexander Swan. The general flew to the presentation of the just built ski slope. The helicopter with the governor and members of the administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory suffered a wreck near the village of Arandan, faced with the line of LPP.
The blame for the tragedy was laid on an inexperienced crew of Mi-8. However, there was a place for other assumptions. One of them - several grams of explosives were attached to the blades of the helicopter screw.
The widow of the deceased general expressed condolences to the entire top of power, ranging from Vladimir Putin and ending with the Minister of Defense Sergey Ivanov. Alexander Lebed is resting in the capital of Russia at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Awards
- Order of the Red Banner
- Order of the Red Star
- Two orders "For the service of the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR"
- Order Suvorov
- Golden double-headed eagle with diamonds (the highest award of the Russian Academy of Arts)