Biography
Nikolai Cherkasov is a symbol of the state hero in the Soviet cinema. The artist is known primarily by the roles of films "Alexander Nevsky" and "Ivan Grozny" for its time, which have become benefits for generations of actors, directories and critics.Childhood and youth
Nikolai and younger brother Kostya were born in a family duty officer at the Baltic Railway station Konstantin Aleksandrovich and Annovna Annhanna, looking at the large house. The family loved art, households were creative people, and one of the aunt solired in the Mariinsky Theater. Mother discovered the musical hearing in his sons and began to engage with them, and thanks to his father, children regularly visited Opera.
Kohl studied in the tenth government gymnasium and came up with the elementary classes, paroding teachers. Presentations were obtained as humorous that teachers were forgiving the boy poor performance. However, by the end of the school year, Nikolai quickly crashed missed and successfully passed into the next class.
Life has changed with the 1917 revolution. Cherkasov still went to school, but much more than the guy attracted the art life of Petrograd. By chance, Kolya learned that the Mariine dials the extras, and soon began to go to the scene in Boris Godunov and the Internationale.
Later, the young actor graduated from the Studio of Mimisists and got into a large dramatic theater. The creative biography began to be replenished with the first roles - not by the years, High and Statnaya Nicholas were trusted to play warriors in "Prince Igor", "Hovhanchin", "Peak Dame".
In 1923, Cherkasov filed documents at the same time in two institutes - on-screen art and stage arts. Chose the second, after which he was accepted into the troupe of the Leningrad Theater of the Young Spectator. In 1933, Nikolai moved to Alexandrinsky, then the State Academic Drama Theater. At this time, the artist received proposals to play in the cinema.
Films
Nikolai Cherkasova has an extensive filmography, and the awareness brought a ring from the comedy Alexander Zarkha and Joseph Hayfica "Hot Denefi". The same directorial tandem invited a young actor to the role of 75-year-old Professor Polezhaev in the "deputy of the Baltic". The film was awarded the Grand Prix of the International Exhibition in Paris. In the first adaptation of the Roman Jules, the "Children of Captain Grant" Nikolai Konstantinovich himself performed "Song about Captain" Isaac Dunaevsky.
Removing the first Russian emperor in the form of the son of the first Russian emperor, Cherkasov simultaneously went to theatrical layouts as Peter himself. Preparing for the role, flew through a bunch of literature, showed an enemy transformations Alexei active, volitional man.
In December 1938, the painting of Sergey Eisenstein "Alexander Nevsky" was released on the screens, which caused Storm delight. When a state award was introduced into the turnover for the command composition of the Red Army, Cherkasov's profile was placed on the Order of the Russian Commander.
The cooperation of the actor and the director continued in the biographical film "Lenin in 1918", in which Nicholas managed the realistic image of Maxim Gorky writer.
In 1943, in evacuation in Almaty, Sergey Eisenstein began shooting "Ivan Grozny". The first thing that amazes the viewer in this picture is the devil's view of the king. For the sake of such a bright character Nikolai rejected Lukino Visconti offer to play in Leopard.
In the popular musical comedy "Spring" Gregory Alexandrova Cherkasov initially refused to be removed. No persuasion acted until the actor of the leading role of Orlov did not come to the actor and did not stand before him on his knees. Nicholas could not refuse the star.
After the death of the main thing in his work, the director in the filmography Cherkasov appeared images, which critics consider passages, despite the Stalinist Prizes received for them: the inventor of the radio in Alexander Popov, Vladimir Stasov in Mussorgsky and Roman-Korsakov. According to the son of Andrei, in the cinematic environment, there was a chemless indication not to give the beloved Stalin characteristic, deep roles.
It became much more difficult when the leader of the peoples died and the Khrushchev brand mention began. This was added to this crisis in the theater, who led the man of the old, government formation, who did not want to risk. And at the Comedy Theater at that time, Nikolay Akimov worked, in BDT - Georgy Tovstonogov.
The famous knight of the sad image in the Don Quixote, shot by Gregory Kozintsev, became almost the last sign role Cherkasov.
According to the actress Galina Karelina, Nikolai Konstantinovich pulled out his play, in general, a nikudny literary material, which lay down the script of the film "Everything remains to people." Even the Leninsky Prize, according to People's Artist of Russia, could not smooth the fact that the Talented Cherkasov was written off.
Personal life
With the wife of Nina Nikolaevna Veitbecht, the artist met at the institute, the girl studied at the department of the art history, and Nikolai - on dramatic. Nina was closely friends with the Nora of Dovlataya, the mother of the future writer Sergei Dovlatova. In the house were Vherreli Arkady Rykin, Boris Livanov and Evgeny Schwartz, Orlova with Alexandrov.
In 1931, the daughter was born in the family, in 1939 - the second, and before the war herself - son Andrei. He remained the only child of Cherkasov: Victoria's older daughter died in a blockade with Nina's father, and the youngest died by a baby.
Andrei did not go through the creative path, became a doctor of physico-mathematical sciences, an employee of the research institute of particularly clean drugs. In 2006, Andrei Cherkasov handed over the archive of personal belongings of the father as a gift to the state museum of political history.
Nikolai Konstantinovich believed in Stalin, in the ideology of Soviet power, but never advertised that he helped people who fell under the rink of repression. According to the expression of Tovstonogov, if you would collect all those who saved Cherkasov, would have to rent a stadium. Being a people's deputy, the actor officially accepted thousands of people, but they could easily approach the celebrity with their requests.
Death
The cause of the death of the People's Artist of the Soviet Union in September 1966 was a combination of several factors. During the Great Patriotic War, Cherkasov began to torment asthma, which aggravated with time. There were heart problems.
Finally finally finished unfair dismissal, when the actor simply entered his wife, who had fallen under the reduction of states in the theater. The artist was lying in the hospital several times and once from there did not come out. Nikolai Cherkasov is buried at the Tikhvin cemetery of Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St. Petersburg.
Filmography
- 1935 - "Hot Denefi"
- 1936 - "Deputy Baltic"
- 1937 - "Treasure Island"
- 1938 - "Peter First"
- 1939 - "Lenin in 1918"
- 1945 - "Ivan Grozny"
- 1949 - "Alexander Popov"
- 1950 - "Mussorgsky"
- 1957 - "Don Quixote"
- 1963 - "Everything remains people"