Biography
The legendary Soviet pilot Mikhail Ninatayev, who participated in the Great Patriotic War, became famous for the bold escape from under the nose of German invaders. For outstanding feats, he was awarded the Order of the Hero of the Soviet Union.Childhood and youth
Mikhail Petrovich was born in the summer of 1917 in the working village of Torbeevo, who at that time was part of the Tambov province. By nationality he is Mokshanin. In addition to him, there were even 12 children in the family. Although life was difficult, the father of the family Peter Timofeevich worked all his life, he was a master man, worked for the landowner. The mother of Akulina Dmitrievna led the farm and raised children.
Although Mikhail studied at school well, the problems arose with the behavior of the boy. But at one moment his character has changed. It happened after a meeting with the pilot who visited the village by plane. Seeing him, the young man asked how to get such a profession. What a response got what you need to learn, be brave, sports and healthy.
From the moment of Ninth, all the time devoted to sports and studies, and after the 7th grade went to Kazan for admission to aviation technical school. So in the biography of the young man, the history of the formation of the future pilot appeared. By submitting a statement to the school, Mikhail has already represented how to develop the Aza aircraft management, however, due to confusion with papers, by mistake, he was enrolled in the river college, where he remained. But the guy's dream did not fade, so Ninth said in the Aeroklub in Kazan.
Sometimes he had to spend time in the motor or air-air club class, and in the morning to run into school. And soon happened that day when the young man was for the first time in the sky. True, the first flight happened to the instructor, but this did not reduce the impressions of Mikhail.
After graduating from a river technical school, Ninthayev entered the Orenburg Aviation School - this time he recalled as the happiest life of life. In training, he did not miss any lesson, read a lot and diligently trained. When the study ended, the children's dream of a young man came true, he became a military pilot-fighter. In his youth, he had to serve first in Torzhok, and later he was transferred to Mogilev.
By the beginning of the war out of 12 children, the ninth family left only 8 remained, and everyone contributed to the defense of the Motherland. Four brothers Mikhail died at the front, the rest of the children also left their lives without surviving before old years.
Military service
In June 1941, a graduate of the Orenburg Aviation School went to the front, and after 2 days he opened a combat account, hitting the opponent's bomber in Minsk. Divineeva had and other successful departures. The pilot, along with other distinguished, called to Moscow for the defense of the approaches to the capital.
During the next military operation on the Yak-1 aircraft, the pilots intercepted the enemy, which was going to reset the deadly load on the capital. However, a man was not always so lucky. Once he received a military assignment, upon returning from which the attack of fascist bomber was attacked. One "Junkers" opponent was still shot down, however, the Nestiyev plane suffered. The pilot managed to land, despite the wound into the left leg. So Mikhail Petrovich fell into the hospital, and later, the unanimous decision of the medical commission was determined in the fatal aviation.
For some time, Ninthites worked as part of a regiment of night bombers, then he was transferred to sanitary aviation. And only in 1944, after meeting with Alexander Tscheshkin, he returned to the detachment of fighters. After more than once, I raised my airplane in the air, while in the rank of senior lieutenant, a total of Mikhail Petrovich knocked down 9 enemy aircraft.
In July 1944, the fate of Devytayev was in the hands of the enemy. Making another departure, he shot down a German plane in the West from the Ukrainian city of Gorokhov - he himself was injured, and his plane caught fire. Vladimir Bobrov's leading pilot ordered this to leave the aircraft with a parachute. After completing the team, the pilot was captured.
Captivity and escape
Once in the hands of the fascists, Ninetayev was sent to the abolition of the Abver, and later in the Lodzian camp of prisoners. All the time there passed in bullying, torture and hunger, therefore, the combined prisoners of war pilots planned to escape, which, by the way, did not take place.
After they were caught, the whole group was declared suicide bombs and sent to the camp of Zacmenhausen. All those who came out there with this status went to the right death, but Mikhail Petrovich managed to survive. Briberying the hairdresser of the camp, Ninth residents convinced that the number was replaced on the robe, so he changed the status of a "suicide bomb" and became an ordinary "penalty", which was no longer threatened death.
Together with the number changed and the name under which he was sent to the island of the Usedom. In this place, a heavy duty weapon was created, which, according to the fascists, was to help them defeat the war, we are talking about ballistic and winged rockets. People who come to this island were not returned back alive. Therefore, the prisoners the idea of the new escape.
A group of 10 people, including Mikhail Petrovich, surges the aircraft on a nearby airfield of Pnunude. The Soviet pilot took the piloting against himself.
After the hijacking, a bomber was sent to the prisoner who received a task to knock down the lonely "Hakel". And although an experienced pilot sat for the steering wheel, the fugitives could not destroy. And the front side of the front, the Nestiyev plane was attacked by Soviet anti-aircraft guns.
Despite the difficulties, the man put a plane on the territory of the Polish artillery part. Mikhail Petrovich saved the ninter man and delivered strategically important information about the secret German center for the manufacture of missile weapons. And subsequently, even provided the exact coordinates along the shore of the starting plants. They were checked and confirmed, and later from the air attacked the island of the Usedy.
Like other prisoners of fascist Germany, who returned to the territory of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Devyatayeva was placed in the NKVD inspection and filtering camp, and after the verification was completed, sent to the service in the Red Army.
Later, the famous constructor of the Rocket and Space Industry of the Soviet Union Sergey Korolev found Mikhail Petrovich and summoned the airfield from which he made a hijacking of the aircraft. In place, the pilot showed him where the rocket nodes were made and where they started. For the assistance provided and the perfect feat in 1957, Nestiyev was awarded the title of the Hero of the USSR.
At the end of hostilities, Mikhail Petrovich returned to Kazan and began to develop a career in river shipping in the Kazan port. Already having a diploma of the captain of the vessel, after a few years he became captain of the boat.
Personal life
Despite the heavy military and post-war years, the hero's personal life was good. The pilot's wife became Faina Hairullovna, who gave birth to a spouse of three children - two sons and daughter. And although the marriage was strong, the woman was jealous of the beloved. After all, when he became famous for the entire Soviet Union, women often wrote to him. Already in old age, the spouse confessed that his wife would not have traded any other beauty.
In 1946, a woman gave birth to the first child, whose named Alexei. To study, he chose medicine, worked in the eye clinic by a anesthesiologist, and later became a candidate of medical sciences. After 5 years, his brother Alexander was born, who also chose this sphere. The father was working at the Kazan Medical Institute and also became a candidate of medical sciences.
Daughter of Ninatova was born in 1957. Naal did not go in the footsteps of the brothers, her talent opened in another area. The girl graduated from the Kazan Conservatory and in the theater school taught music.
After the war, Mikhail Petrovich wrote the book "Escape from Hell", which described the most vivid events of stay in the German camp of death, and also told the story of the escape itself. On the cover of the book posted a photo of Ninthyev, which crosses the barbed wire.
Death
Until recent days, Mikhail Ninetayev lived in Kazan and, despite his health underwhelmed in war, worked while the strength was allowed. In the summer of 2002, he even came to the same airfield from which he once accomplished escape. There were filmed a documentary about the great feat of the captive.
In November of the same year, Mikhail Petrovich died, the exact cause of death is not known, probably age (85 years) and the concomitant diseases contributed.
In memory of the hero-pilot during his lifetime, after death, not one documentary film was removed. Among them, "catch up and destroy", "not a fact. The feat of the Soviet pilot "and others.
Awards
- Order of the Hero of the Soviet Union
- The order of Lenin
- Order of the Red Banner
- Order of the Patriotic War
- Medal "For victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945."
- Medal Zhukov
- Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"
- Medal "Veteran Labor"
- Order "For merit to the Fatherland"
- Honorary Citizen of the Republic of Mordovia