Biography
Francois Rabl - Writer-Humanist, a representative of the Renaissance. World famous author brought the book "Gargantua and Pantagryel". The grotesque romance plunges the reader into folk traditions, modern writer ideals and characteristic images.
Francois Rabel was born in 1494 in the French province of Turne, in the town called Shinon. Some researchers are confident that the date of appearance on the light is valid and 1483 years old. Discussions about the place of birth, date, social status of parents and family circumstances in which Little Francois lived, differ.
Biographers suggest that his father could be a lawyer, entrepreneur or small nobleman. There were no accurate data on this, so the expanse for reasoning researchers is great. The author's mother died when the boy was very young, although they were disputes to this.
It is reliably known that in 1510 the child was transferred to education in the Franciscan monastery, where he was educated. In 1521, the obedient accepted the vow. At that time, the priests were carriers of knowledge. Among them were brought up mathematicians and doctors, philosophers and lawyers. Owning a diploma, they led the chronicle of what was happening on their native land.
While in the monastery, Rabela studied Latin, Roman law and natural science, medicine and anatomy. The spectrum of his interests included history, philology, literature and natural science. The boy joined the humanitarian and natural sciences, not forgetting about the development of spirituality. Young Rabl was fond of research and created several monographs, which, after the publication, the praise had shone the science of that time.
For the Order of St. Francis, the activities of the young Francois brought benefit and did not go against traditions and mains adopted in the monastery. But the existing library has ceased to feed the young scientist. In 1524, Greek books were found in his personal library, which were perceived by theologies as a material that promotes Protestantism. With their help allegedly it was possible to interpret the New Testament.
The withdrawal of books provoked the care of Rabel to Benedictinians whose views were considered more loyal. The monastery of St. Benedict in Melzé became the abode in which Francois continued to receive education. Later, the monk left the ministry of the church, starting to study medicine. In 1532, he published Galen and Hippocratic works and engaged in medical practice. Rabel became a secular priest, doctor of medicine and read lectures to students in Poitiers and Montpellier.
Literature
Francois Rabel was the author of educational ideas. His bibliography consists of 20 works, among which are books on anatomy and works, commenting on the work of the hypocrat. Rabel was published in Almanahs, putting forward the theories about the effect of appearance, personality and behavior of a doctor on patients. He also became the author of works on ancient architecture and culture. Biographers call these works by archaeological monograph.
The main literary achievement in the life of Francois Rabl was the novel about the giants named Gargantua and Pantagruel. In a cycle of 5 books, the author showed himself as a subtle satir. To create the greatest work, it was encouraged by acquaintance with the leishes about Gargantua. In the imitation of Rabel decided to finish a kind of continuation, adding the story of the story of the King of Dipcodes Pantagruele. In 1532, the book "Pantagruel" published under the alias of Alcofrybas named. She was condemned in Sorbonne, recognizing obscene. The public in opposition to scientists was delighted with the work of Rabl.
Two years later, Francois wrote the book "Gargantua", which, at its essence, preceded the events described in the first work, as Gargantua had to Pantagrulye Father. In 1546 the 3rd book appeared on the light. Her author signed his own name, abandoning the pseudonym. In the edition of Sorbonnery, heresy was also selected. But the condemnation came from other readers: Parliament banned the work. The story was allowed safely, since the risk surrounded by a lot of influential patrons, whose support was used by the Humanist.
For the publication of the 3rd part of the Opus about Gargantua and Pantagruela, Rabel did not receive a punishment from over due to the friendly relations of his friend, Jean du Bulle, with Francis I. Monarch personally gave permission to the Writer to publish the continuation of the novel. True, after the death of King, the government once again stopped selling the books of giants published at that time.
The 5th cycle book came out after the death of Rabl. Some literary critics believe that it should not be attributed to the creativity of the writer, since the final of the narrative could create someone from the students or followers of the author. In addition to the history of Gargantua and Pantagruela, Rabl wrote satirical works and on other topics. The audience gladly met his "Encyclopedia of Laughter." Thin irony, mockery, conjugate with the recognizable folk culture of the era of the 16th century, brought the reader a true pleasure.
Fans of creativity Rabel appreciated the short stories of the writer. The comerism to which the author resorted is associated with the momentary themes and with what causes the reader's laughter in any historical period. Francois ridiculed physiology. In his research, Mikhail Bakhtin reasoned on the theme of the tradition of folk laughter in the works of Rabl. The researcher called the manner of the writer ambitant. Therefore, the challenging jokes remain funny and now, although they lose accuracy during the translation process.
Personal life
Francois Rabel was engaged in literary activities, combining it with the status of a secular priest. He consisted in close friendship with Jean du Bulle, who did not last in the church hierarchy. Guillaume Du Bulle also patronized Rabl. The writer had two illegitimate children whose origin helped to legalize his friends, organizing a legal process in 1540. Auguste Francois and Juni received the surname of the Father.
About the personal life of saticar knows little. In 1864, biographers found that in Lyon, the writer also had a son from the maiden Zhanna, and did not yet become Rabl. The boy called the theodul. He died at the age of 2.
From 1547, Francois Rabel served as a vicar in the north-west of France, in the parish in Saint-Christoph-du-Zhambbe and Mödon. Church where he took parishioners, is open today. About the biography of the great predecessor later, the current vicar tells with pleasure. Researchers believe that Rabl was forced to accept the appointment due to the shameless health. The arrival at that time dreamed of obtaining every clergyman of the middle religious rank. It is likely that the slave and here did not fail to take advantage of the relationship.
Interesting fact: Being a joker on the pages of works, Rabel was distinguished by a junk and mosmptitude and in life. Together with buddies, he often composed anecdotes and funny stories.
To accurately restore the appearance of the writer is not possible. He wore a short haircut and mustache. Some portraits of the author make it possible to assume how it looked, but the images differ. Most often, Rabl represent an older man with a beard. The only sketch of the author in young years the world was pleased with Henri Matisse. The image was made in 1951, it is not written from nature.
Death
In 1552, Francois Rabel wrote a letter to Cardinal, in which he asked him to remove him from coming due to health problems. The church went to meet. In winter, the 1553rd writer returned to Paris. He lived in a modest apartment in which he died in April of the same year. Local Lekari did not provide the necessary medical care. The exact cause of death was not detected.
Nothing is known about the last days of the writer's life. Biographers even make it difficult to call the exact burial place of saticaries. It is believed that his body found the last refuge on the metropolitan cemetery with the Cathedral of St. Paul. The information is confirmed by the Cathedral Books, but the version of the burial of Rabel is in another place. The epitaph of the death of the writer in 1554 wrote Jacques Tiaroo and Pierre de Ronsar.
In the legacy of Francois, Rabel left the descendants of the work, the famous novel, stories and quotes, which show the degree of insightness of their author.
Quotes
"I do not look at the clock: the time was invented for a person, not a man for time." "Appetite comes while eating." "Tell the truth and eager devil." "Nature does not accept emptiness."Bibliography
- 1532 - "Pantagruel, King of Dfisodes, shown in its pre-satisfaction with all its horrific acts and the exploits"
- 1534 - "Pantagruel, King of Dfisodes, shown in its pre-satisfaction with all its horrific acts and exploits"
- 1546 - "The third book of the heroic acts and rivers of good Pantagryuel, the essay of Matra Francois Rabl, Doctor of Medicine"
- 1552 - "The fourth book of heroic acts and remuneration of Valiant Pantagryuel, the essay of Matra Francois Rabl, Doctor of Medicine"
- 1564 - "Fifth, and the last, book of heroic acts and rivers of good Pantagruela, an essay of the doctor of medicine Matra Francois Rabl"