Biography
Kurt Vonnegut is an American writer, a novelist and an essayist of the 20th century. Those who did not have to get acquainted with his works, probably faced the author's aphorisms. The most famous works of Kurt Wannegut are considered the books "Cattle Cat" and "Loaf number five, or a crusade of children."Childhood and youth
Kurt Vonnegut was born in the family of German emigrants on November 11, 1922. His homeland was the American city of Indianapolis, which often appears in the works of the writer. The boy's father was a co-founder of a construction company, and the mother - a daughter of a millionaire who earned brewing. Wonneguts brought up three children, Kurt had brother and sister: Bernard and Alice.
The period of the Great Depression made the family worry about the financial situation, as things have deteriorated. The head of the family practically remained without work. At this time, the Mother Kurt manifested a mental illness, the means of which could not be found. As a result, in 1944, a woman committed suicide. This incident remains a strong shock in the memory of Kurt.
At the insistence of his father, graduating from schools at School of School, Vonnegut entered the University of Cornelia for the Chemistry Faculty. His brother in 1939 received a degree in chemistry in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the parent was confident that Kurt could show the ability in this direction.
Father considered the passion of the son of history and the philosophy senseless, and Kurt was little interested in chemistry. Already at that time, his attention was entirely literature. The first steps in the creative direction of the young man did, working in a student newspaper.
Kurt Vonnegut did not graduate from the university. Having spent 3 years in an educational institution, he was more realized as a editor and a browser. The beginning of World War II prompted the guy to join the army. He was transferred to the University of Carnegie, and then Tennessee, where he studied mechanical engineering.
Military Service and Career
After going to the front, Vonnegut almost immediately pleased to German soldiers. He found himself in the Labor Camp in Dresden, where he watched all the happening in the war years. The impressions of the writer's works were formed. When night airlines occurred, the prisoners were locked in an abandoned slaughterhouse, where meat carcasses used to be kept. Dresden was in the ruins, and Kurta miraculously managed to survive.
He took part in the palace of the bumps. According to the comments of the Vonnegut, there were at least 250 thousand people among the victims. Later impressions of these events, the author will describe in the work of the "slaughterhouse number 5, or a crusade of children."
After the liberation of Leipzig, prisoners were redirected to the Sundaan region. The efforts of Soviet soldiers, this territory was released from enemy invaders in May 1945. Wonneguta presented a "Purple Heart" award, which is intended to the victim, wounded during the fighting. The medal writer has never perceived seriously, because his wound was trivial.
Returning from the war, Vonnegut settled in his homeland and entered the postgraduate studio of the University of Chicago. Training The novice writer combined with the work of a police reporter. He received a position at the city news bureau. In 1947, a man made his dissertation on the topic of the balance of the balance between good and evil in fairy tales. The work criticized and did not accept. Master's status Kurt Vonnegut received in 1971. This was influenced by the release of the book "Cattle Cat".
Wonnegut moved to the town called Skenectadi and the efforts of the relative, got a job in the Dranie Electric Corporation, where he became a public relations manager. The specialist's duties included writing news articles on discoveries, accomplished in the company's laboratories. Vonnegut lingered here until 1951.
Communication with scientists left a trace in the work of the writer. Performing immediate responsibilities during the day, at night he wrote stories. Some of them shipted into the magazine "Collier's Weekly". After a series of failures, the publication published 2 writings of the author, paying the fee of $ 1.7 thousand. Realizing that literary activities can bring income, Wonnegut decided to devote himself to true vocation.
Books
Many interesting facts of biography have formed the basis of the works of the novelist. The events experienced in his youth were reflected in the "Utopia 14" book, published in 1952. The author describes the future in which a person in any field of activity is able to replace the car. The novels "Sirena Titan", published in 1959, and the "cat cradle", published in 1963, are counted for science fiction.
In 1967, Kurtie Vonnegut was given to the Guggenheim scholarship, which allowed the author to visit Dresden to collect material for the new book. The sample of the stylistry of the Wonnegut and his manners is considered the book of "slaughterhouse number 5, or a crusade of children", published in 1969. In 1972, George Roy Hill took the film on it. Kinokartina became the winner of the Cannes Film Festival.
In the period from 1965 to 1967, the writer collaborated with the university in Iowa, as a result of which a collection of short stories called "Welcome to the monkey" appeared on the world. Wonnegut tried himself and as a playwright, creating a play "Happy Birthday, Wanda Jun". The work was put on the stage of the New York theater, and in 1971 the director Mark Robson took off his filmmakers.
In 1973, the light saw the Roman "Breakfast for Champions". In the same period, Wannegu was assigned the title of professor of English-speaking prose in the New York University. The following was followed by the publication of Balagan novels, "small no miss", "Blue beard", "Focus Pokus" and others. According to critics, Kurt Vonnegut combined the elements of science fiction with Grotesque and literary tradition of Proverbs in works.
In 1994, the author openly declared the completion of the literary career, but in 1997 his bibliography was replenished with a novel "Strexious". Until 2000, the writer published several collections essay. In 2005, a book of his biographical essays called "man without a country" was published. The work became final in the literary activities of Kurt Vonnegut.
Personal life
For the first time, Vonnegut married Jane Mary Coke. The son and 2 daughters were born in marriage. Kurt accepted an important decision by taking 3 nephews under guardianship. They remained orphan after the death of the sister of Wannegut and her spouse. In the second marriage with his wife, Jil Clementz Kurt launched a girl who became a seventh child in his large family.
The personal life of the writer was not easy. His father died in 1957. A year later, Sister Alice died from cancer. Woman's spouse, who went to visit her, got into a car accident. Responsibility having fallen into a man often pushed to negative thoughts. The loss of loved ones strengthened depression, which has repeatedly attended Wonnegut. He often thought about suicide, but was afraid to file a bad example.
In addition to literary talent, the writer had a tendency to drawing. He preferred graphics. To "Breakfast for Champions" Kurt independently created an illustration of a felt-tip pen. Images complemented the essence set out in the text.
The author often accompanied its own compositions with illustrations, transmitting an image of an American culture through the prism of his own perception. Since 1993, Kurt Vonnegut has been in Createness with Joe Petro III, a schedule that helped create images for books. In the United States, there were repeatedly held exhibitions of Wonnegut in the genre of fine art.
Death
The writer worked to deep old age and loved the main thing of his life. Kurt Vonnegut died on April 11, 2007 at the age of 84. He fell unsuccessfully and got a brain injury that caused the death of a writer.
The author's work is in demand in different countries of the world. His books are considered a classic of the 20th century, and the quotes became aphorisms. The death of the countryman in his native Indianapolis was perceived by giving tribute to his work. 2007 here was declared the year of Wannegut. Photo Kurt Vonneguta today complement the pages of textbooks on literature.
Bibliography
- 1952 - "Utopia 14" ("Mechanical Piano")
- 1959 - "Sirena Titan"
- 1961 - "Mother of Darkness"
- 1963 - "Cattle Cradle"
- 1965 - "Savory number five, or a crusade of children"
- 1973 - "Breakfast for Champions, or Farewell, Black Monday"
- 1976 - "Farc, or a total of loneliness"
- 1979 - "Recidivist"
- 1982 - "Small no miss"
- 1985 - "Galapagos"
- 1987 - "Blue beard"
- 1990 - "Focus Pokus"
- 1997 - "Timethrough"