Biography
Nicholas Maduro is the current president of Venezuela with a rich and long political past.
The beginning of his rule had a difficult economic period for the state, which led to long folk disorders due to tremendous inflation.
Childhood and youth
Nicholas Maduro Moros was born on November 23, 1962 in Caracas. The father of the future policy was a local trade union leader and consisted in the Socialist Party of Venezuela. In addition to the boy, there were 3 daughters in the family: Maria Teresa, Josephine and Anita.
Nicholas himself calls a man of a mixed race: in the pedigree family Maduro there are representatives of indigenous peoples of North and South America, as well as African-Latin Americans. In addition, the grandmother and grandfather Nicholas in the father's line were the sophod's Jews that have passed in Venezuela to Catholicism.
In his youth, Maduro was distinguished by a fun character and was fond of music: his favorite teams were "The Rolling Stones" and "Led Zeppelin". Future politician even wanted to create his own group and become a rock musician.
Political activity
Membership in the student association of the university has become a political "breakfast" of the feather, although the higher education subsequently did not receive.
In 1983, during the unsuccessful presidential campaign Jose Vicente Rangel, Nicholas was his bodyguard, in 1987 he studied at the Havan party school "Niko Lopez". After 4 years, Maduro began working as a bus driver in the Karakas Metro system. He occupied this position for 7 years, becoming an unofficial leader in the trade union movement of drivers of buses of the Caracas Metro.
In 1993, along with a group of like-minded people, Nicholas visited Hugo Chávez, who was imprisoned after an unsuccessful coup attempt in the state. From that moment on, Maduro became one of the activists who advocate for the liberation of Chavez. Later, politician joined the MVR batch, who supported the 1998 Presidential Campaign.
In 1998, Maduro began his way in great politics, becoming a candidate for deputies of the Congress of the Republic, and on January 23, 1999 he was already headed by the MVR parliamentary faction in the ward of Venezuela deputies. A little later, politician was elected a deputy of the Constituent Assembly of 1999, which developed a new Constitution of the Metropolitan district of Venezuela. Maduro's career quickly walked to the mountain: in 2000 and 2005 he was elected to the National Assembly from the country's metropolitan district. In addition, Nicholas became a speaker of the parliament - the lack of special education did not prevent this.
In 2006, President Hugo Chavez personally asked Maduro to take the position of Minister of Foreign Affairs, replacing Ali Rodriguez Arak at this post, who became the Secretary General of the Union of South American Nations. In addition, on December 8, 2012, Hugo Chavez is already severely ill to the oncological disease, said that if he leaves the presidential post, Nicholas should take it. So Maduro, remaining the Minister of Foreign Affairs, became also the vice-president of Venezuela.
After Chavez's death on March 5, 2013, politician was performed by the president. International media subjected him the right to this post in question, since because of Chavez's illness, he could not bear the oath for the 4th presidential term. The Supreme Court considered these claims to be borred, since by the time of death the president was already in power, and the government of the state has an administrative continuity. Thus, Maduro had the right to fulfill presidential duties.
On April 14, 2013, early elections were held in Venezuela - according to the Constitution, in the event of the death of the president during the first 4 years of the period of the Board, the new elections should take place within 30 days. His political opponent Enrique Caprilas Maduro went around 1.5% of the votes.
Argentine journalist Andres Openheimer, an old critic of the authorities of Chavez, said that Maduro had an advantage in the elections, since his propaganda contributed to Mourning for the deceased president. In the meantime, only 4 minutes of election advertising per day were allowed in the meantime. Nominally, Maduro was as much, but 10 minutes of ads from civil service and government were added to them.
As a result, Capriles refused to accept the results of the elections, since, according to his information, at least 3.5 thousand violations were discovered when voting. Maduro agreed to conduct recalculation of votes, but this idea was rejected by the National Electoral Council, referring to the automation of the counting process and the fact that repeated checks were initially entered into the procedure. On April 19, 2013, Nicholas Maduro was shifted.
The politician accepted the country in serious condition: together with the authority he got a government debt and 13% of the budget deficit. However, against the background of high prices for oil, the situation was able to improve, and Venezuela GDP grew by 1.6%. In October, Maduro appealed to the National Assembly with a request to grant special powers to cope with corruption. Politics supported 99 parliamentarians. With a total of them, in 165, such a number of people who spoke "For" turned out to be enough to adopt the initiative.
In November, the President undertook an action, questionable following. After the arrests of network owners for the sale of electrical goods, confiscated products were sold to the population at a price reduced by 10 times. The police managed to cope with popular enthusiasm only partially: many shops were plundered.
The next victim of the fight against corruption was the trading network "Daka". However, the arrest of owners and the confiscation of products could not cope with any deficit or inflation exceeded 50%. The difficult situation was complemented by rampant crime. As a result, in February 2014, mass civil action began in the country.
Their participants demanded more security, and also declared an economic crisis not even the result of the government's policies, but his own policies. The results of shares were collisions with power structures, which, in turn, to new protests.
As a response, Maduro performed on the state television channel and called on the fellow citizens not to succumb to provocations. In addition, the President said that opponents had a state coup plan.
2014-2015 steel for Venezuela heavy, especially in terms of economics: the fall in world oil prices led to increased inflation, and by the 2016 government had to even go to the devaluation of Venezuelan Bolivar.
The consequence of economic difficulties and regular protests was an unexpected result of the 2015 elections to the National Assembly: most of the places were taken by opposition representatives. Thus, the parliament became a field of political struggle, and Maduro saved for a long time only supported by Venezuela Supreme Court.
In 2016, the President attempted to shift from office: the National Assembly of the country nominated Maduro accusation in the state coup. In October, a vote was held for the beginning of the impeachment procedure. The President applied for help in the Vatican, and Pope sent the Vatican Secretary of State to negotiations with the Venezuelan opposition. The result was the suspension of the impeachment and the exit to freedom of 5 opposition politicians.
However, on January 9, 2017, most voting deputies decided to announce the president who left their post due to the non-fulfillment of duties. Helped Maduro again the Supreme Court - he admitted that Parliament does not have the authority to displace the president.
Personal life
President Venezuela is one of the highest leaders of world states, its growth is 190 cm.
Married Nicholas Maduro was twice. The first wife became Adriana Guerra Angulo. The marriage has been launched from 1988 to 1994, the only son of the President - Nicolas Maduro Guerra was born in him. He is also known as Nichysito and is engaged in politics: for example, takes place in the National Assembly and leads the National Film School.
In 2013, changes were made in the personal life of the president - he married again. The second wife in the biography of Maduro was the lawyer and politician Plores Plores. Romantic relationships in Silia and the future president began in the 1990s, when Flores was a lawyer of Hugo Chávez. There are no joint children with a couple, however, Maduro became the adoptive father of 3 children of Silia from the first marriage.
To inform the public and communicate with citizens, Venezuela's president leads the official account in Twitter. The blog has a public character: Materials and photos illuminate Maduro's political life.
Nicholas Maduro now
Now, despite the tough accelerations of opposition demonstrations and a number of preventive and punitive measures, the mass performances of opponents of the current power of Venezuela continue.
On August 4, 2018, a parade was held in Venezuela on the occasion of the 81st anniversary of the creation of the National Guard. During his holding on Maduro, an attempt was made - the president tried to kill with the help of flying drones stuffed with explosives. Responsibility for what happened to the group "Flannel soldiers" took.
At the end of 2018, Maduro met with the head of the Russian Federation. During the open part of the meeting, Vladimir Putin condemned the terrorist attacks of the Venezuelan opposition, however, said that Maduro's actions should be aimed at resolving relations with political opponents. The key point of Russian-Venezuelan relations remains energy.
In 2019, Venezuela changed its laws of oil trafficking - according to Nicholas Maduro's statement, all oil products will now be sold only for Venezuelan cryptocurrency Petro. According to him, such a step is the way to get rid of the political influence of the currency "Elite Washington". At the same time, the President announced the rise in the minimum wage in Venezuela 2.5 times.
Awards
- 2013 - "Order of the Liberator"
- 2013 - "Order of the liberator of San Martin"
- 2013 - "National Order of Condor And"
- 2014 - "Order Star Palestine"
- 2016 - "Order of José Marty" 2013 - "Order of the Liberator"
- 2013 - "Order of the liberator of San Martin"
- 2013 - "National Order of Condor And"
- 2014 - "Order Star Palestine"
- 2016 - "Order José Marty"