Biography
Being a decent successor of the Great Mission is a matter of responsible and important. The second cosmonaut after Valentina Tereshkova could not simply repeat the feat of his predecessor, so at the second flight immediately stepped into open space. On this records were not over - Svetlana Savitskaya is the only Cat2 of the USSR, who received twice the honorary title of the hero of his country.Childhood and youth
It seems that Savitskaya from birth was destined to go there, where absolute silence, peace and infinity reign. And even the date of the parish to Earth, she chose the appropriate, with three eights, or, as they are called, inverted infinity signs - August 8, 1948. The second happy gift of fate became parents: Father - Military pilot and Marshal Aviation, and Mother who served side by side with her husband during the Great Patriotic War.
Grandfather from the head of the family of the family of Novorossiysk, worked on the railway, died early from cholera. And his wife, teacher by profession, had to lift four sons. For a while, Evgeny Yakovlevich even listed the unworker, then he fell into a vocational school and a flight school.
Hence, their only daughter traction to the sky and iron discipline, which manifested itself at school time and strengthened in pioneer camps, where summer holidays were invariably. Most of all participated in the upbringing of the child grandmother, in 5 years he learned the light read, write, play on the piano.
According to Svetlana Evgenievna, she did not dream about the profession of pilot, and Methyl immediately into astronauts, inspired by the feat of Hermann Titov. And all the forces threw on the close development of the exact sciences, studied the printed publications that contributed to the enlightenment of young people in the popular cosmic discipline. Realizing for yourself that aviation preparation is necessary, in 16 years they went to recorded in the DOSAAF, to the parachute jump section.
Appeared was the barrier on the way to the goal - the lack of a sports discharge needed to close the eyes at such a young age - helped to overcome the physical education teacher. The man took over all the merits and prizes of the school team on basketball on urban championships, where Savitskaya participated, and awarded her appropriate qualifications.
Next, a new section appeared in the biography of the girl - the famous Tushinsky central airfield, where all skills and subtleties had to learn independently. Soon, realizing that two cases would not be able to do, made a choice in favor of flights.
As for higher education, Savitskaya and here showed enviable perseverance, visiting the metropolitan aviation institution and the flight technique in Kaluga. She conquered a pilot sport, installed records on the jumps from the stratosphere and almost 20 - on jet aircraft. For 3 years, "Miga-25pa" proved that women's higher performance are real and women's aviation.
Cosmonautics
A break between the flights to Tereshkova and Savitska was protracted - almost 20 years. A woman in space, from a categorical statement by Sergei Queen, was considered nonsense, the detachments of the contenders during this time were disbanded. But the Cold War did not end, and as soon as it became known that in the US, a set of female crews, stagged in the USSR.
He having heard about it, Svetlana, rotating in the aviation circles, the number of the chief designer Valentina Glushko, responsible for the space program, called him directly, declared his intentions and readiness and agreed to meet. Tet-a-tet occurred through a record 2 days, and in the 1980s, Savitskaya was in the ranks of those who wish to "push the expanses of the universe." And a year later, she was prescribed by a test-astronaut.
A long-standing dream came true in 1982, when it was in outer space on the "unions" and "salute-7", conducted medical and biological experiments. And in 1984, for the first time from representatives of weak gender, it was published in open space, where the first soldering of the metal was produced.
"It was, of course, the key experiment of all this flight. We did it fine, without mistakes, without any PE. Actually, when entering outdoor cosmos, this is the most important thing - to do what you were preparing. Therefore, some special emotions, you know, such, that's what happened on this day, no, "recalled the record holder.
According to her colleagues in the crew, she always sought to independently carry out the tasks and stubbornly went to the achievement of the target.
To serve the Motherland did not cease to serve on Earth - he held the post of deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, and now continues to work in the parliamentary meeting and teaches in his native university.
Personal life
After two successful "business trips to the Universe" with a woman on board, rumors went on the formation of a fully female detachment. But before real incarnation, the case did not reach, and Svetlana Savitskaya went to the decree because of the birth of the sole son of Konstantin (1986), who also graduated from Mai, but did not decide to go in the footsteps of the parents.
The satellite of the life of the astronaut was not a colleague, as was common at the time, and a talented engineer and pilot Viktor Khatkovsky comes from Minsk. Familiarity of future spouses occurred in the youth, in the national team of the Soviet Union on aerobatics.
For outstanding merits Svetlana Evgenievna awarded a large number of awards, but as she confessed in an interview on the occasion of its 70-year-old anniversary, his own exception does not feel, and the signs of differences - "This is just the result of the work."
In 1988, the light saw the biographical book "Yesterday and always", complemented by rare photos and facts from personal life, where the cosmonaut told about his path to a dream and people who helped to implement it. Pretty favorably reacted to the film "Time of First", and "Salute-7" highly appreciated from the point of view of cinematography, and not the realism of the filing of facts.
"While no one has allowed to make a film about yourself. But, probably, it would be a film about very much, not about space alone. He may even be a last time ... "," the titled Soviet test pilot and astronaut responded concisely.Svetlana Savitskaya now
Svetlana Evgenievna continues to engage in politics and teaching at the Moscow Aviation Institute, willingly takes invitations to television programs and talks with journalists. For example, during the conversation with Tatiana Ustinova, in the program "My hero" answered questions about whether there is an "upstairs" aliens and God.In 2018, the Internet was replenished with new interviews of the famous woman. The main federal channel of the country, who invited it to the "good morning" and asked about the past and the future.
In the summer of 2019, it turned 35 years from the day of the Svetlana Savitskaya.
Awards and titles
- Gold medal. K. Tsiolkovskiy Academy of Sciences of the USSR and 18 diplomas of the International Federation of Aeronautics
- 16 Golden Sports Medals of the USSR
- Special medal for establishing the Women's World Record of Stay in Open Space
- Two small planets (asteroids) are named after Svetlana Savitsk: No. 4118 ("Sveta") and No. 4303 ("Savitskaya")
- March 25, 2014 - the Order "For Services to Fatherland" IV degree - for the achieved labor successes, a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, the merit in the development of space, the humanitarian sphere, strengthen the legality and law enforcement, many years of conscientious work, active lawmaking and Public activity
- April 12, 2011 - Medal "For merit in the development of space" - for great merits in the field of research, development and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work
- 2008 - Honorary resident of the Ostankino district of the city of Moscow
- 1982, 1984 - twice Hero of the Soviet Union, the only woman - twice the hero of the Soviet Union
- 1982, 1984 - Two orders of Lenin
- 1982 - Cosmonaut pilot of the USSR
- 1976 - Order "Honor Sign"
- 1970 - Honored Master of Sports of the USSR