Biography
The biography of the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges is notable for being a master of a short story, a poet and a publicist, he updated the language of fiction and opened the way the new generation of Spanish-American novelists. A talented prosecuisa contributed to the development of the genre of fantasy and became one of the genericants of the movement of magical realism in the Latin American novelist of the XX century.Childhood and youth
Jorge Francisco Isidoro Louis Borges Aseviedo was born on August 24, 1899 in the suburb of Buenos Aires. His mother Leonor Assewedo Suarez was a descendant of the Spanish-Italian emigrants who participated in the Argentine War for Independence, and Father Jorge Guillermo Borges Haslam, who worked as a lawyer, had Portuguese and English roots.
Related, but educated parents from an early age instilled to children Love for literature, so Jorge Louis and his sister Nora, who later became an artist, received decent education and to start learning at school to read and write and knew 2 languages: English and Spanish.
Practicing in the work under the supervision of the Father, the boy began to compose stories and became interested in translations, one of which was published in the local journal in 1908. Parents saw the writer's writer's talent and tried to develop his ability, determining in the 4th grade of one of the educational institutions Buenos Aires.
However, the elementary school was not able to provide new knowledge by the years to a developed child, and he instead of doing lessons, continued to work on the stories, causing the anger of teachers and ridicule classmates.
Interest in school, Borges awakened after the Father, who began to lose sight, left the jurisprudence in 1914 and transported the family to Switzerland. There, Jorge Louis began to study French and became interested in German philosophers, and also entered the Geneva College and tied acquaintance with the writer Maurice Abramovich, which lasted until the end of his life.
When the parent has passed the course of treatment in the Swiss Ophthalmology Center, Burges planned to return to their homeland, but the beginning of the First World War and political unrest in Argentina forced them to change their mind and stay in Europe until 1921.
At this time, Jorge Luis became interested in poetry and began to compose poems in French. For some time he lived in Spain, where, under the influence of the poets of Guillae Apolliner and Tommazo, Marinetti joined representatives of literary avant-garde and published the first original work called "Hymn Sea".
Books
Returning to Argentina, Borges composed and published a poetic collection "Sea Buenos Aires", and then began writing an essay for literary magazines and almanac. Gradually, going away from poetry, the young man invented the genre of a philosophical story and soon became one of the most influential Hispanic authors of modernity.
At the beginning of a career, Jorge Louis became a co-founder of publications "Prism" and "Pro", which sometimes spread among readers as leaflets pasted on the walls of buildings. Interesting the fact that, sorry for some of the early publications, Borges sought to get and destroy the issues of magazines that contained unsuccessful examples of artistic creativity.
In the mid-1930s, the writer became interested in existentialism and began working in style, which critics called "irryality", where philosophy and imagination were at the core, and not traditional life experience.
Borges regularly replenished his own bibliography by publications in the journal "SUR", founded in 1931 by Victoria Okampeo, which, 10 years after dating, the writer dedicated the story of the "Garden of Diverging Trail". This edition brought Jorge Louis fame in the Spanish-speaking world and became the beginning of fruitful cooperation with novice ficture Adolfo Casares.
Working under the pseudonyms of Onoro Bustos Domek and Suarez Lynch, the writer duet published several collections, among which detective miniatures who narrowed about the adventures of Don Isidor Parodi, such as the "Twelve Symbols of the World" and "God Bykov", created in the early 1940s years, and parody work "Model for death".
In 1933, Borges began to cooperate with the editorship of the literary application to the CRíTICA newspaper and first published works included in the collection called "Worldwide Lowness History". These were stories that included elements of journalism mixed with fantastic presentation of real events, and literary fakes issued by the author for transfers of passages from well-known, but rarely readable books.
In the following years, Jorge Louis served as a literary adviser in the publishing house "Emecé Editores" and led the weekly column in the magazine "El Hogar", and then found a job in the Monto Municipal Library of Cana. The duties of the catalog member of the Fund left a lot of time for literary creativity, and Borges with pleasure experimented with a style, creating stories dedicated to reflections on the link of the author of the work with its historical context.
During this period, the writer published a collection of "fictional stories", which included such miniatures as "Pierre Menar, the author" Don Quixote "," Babylonian library "and" Funes, a miracle of memory ", as well as a literary study called" Eternity History ", Starting a storehouse of philosophical reflections and bright quotes.
In addition, in 1952, Argentina printed a cycle essay called "New Investigations", where the author reflected on the work of colleagues and analyzed some of the famous works, forcing the reader to solve endless rebuses and puzzles. The most famous stories of such a genre have become a "mirror of riddles", "Versions of one legend", "a few words about (or around) Bernard Shaw" and "New refutation of time".
Parallel Borges began a public career with a lecturer, becoming president of the Argentine Writers' Society, and took up the creation of scenarios for artistic films. In 1955, Jorge Louis appointed the director of the National Library, where after 4 years he completely lost sight.
The blindness did not prevent the writer to continue working on his own works, which he dictated the mother who became his personal secretary. In 1961, Borges received the first international prize and caused the interest of representatives of the English-language world. The Argentine Government organized a trips to America, during which he spoke with lectures, and then followed the tour in Europe.
During this period of life, the writer received unconditional recognition and became the owner of numerous literary premiums, among whom was a reward for an outstanding contribution to the secrets of the detective genre, the French Order of the Honorary Legion and the Konex Awards prize for many years of achievements in art.
In 1967, Borges began 5-year cooperation with the translator by the National Thomas di Giovanni, who helped the writer to introduce English-speaking readers with such writings as the "Book of Fictional Beings", written in co-authorship with Margarita Germero, "Book of Sand", "Seven Nights" and Other.
Personal life
Most of the life Borges was in the society of the mother who supported the Son from orphanage. It was she who in 1967 arranged the first marriage of the writer with a widow named Elze Estete Milavan. Leonor Aseviedo expected the woman to take care of the finally blinded elderly man, but her hopes did not come true, and the personal life of the spouses 3 years after the wedding ended in divorce.
After that, Jorge Louis was under the care of the housekeeper of Fanny and personal assistant Mary Codam, judging by the numerous photo - who accompanied the writer on trips to peace and in 1986 he became his second wife. She stayed with Borges until his death in 1986 and later became the opponent of the reburial of the remains of the famous Argentine.
Death
Borges held the last months of Life in Geneva in the company of a newly botheled wife Mary Codama. Knowing the approaching end, the writer calmly took the inevitable. He reflected a lot about death and eventually asked for confession from the clergy, which represented the Catholic and Protestant religious directions.
On June 14, 1986, Borges died from a liver cancer and was buried at the Swiss Cemetery of the Kings after the funeral ceremony in the Cathedral of St. Peter.
Quotes
"Everyone in his own way imagines paradise, he has been represented by the library from ornamental years." "I do not speak any revenge, no forgiveness. For oblivion - this is the only revenge and the only forgiveness. "" The fate of any person, as it may be difficult and long, in fact, in fact, in a single moment - in a moment, when a person once and forever finds out who he is. "" In each Of us there are particles of divinity. Our world can not be the work of the hands of a fair and omnosis; It depends on ourselves. "Bibliography
- 1925 - "Investigations"
- 1932 - "Discussion"
- 1936 - "The history of eternity
- 1936 - "World History of Lowness"
- 1944 - "Fictional Stories"
- 1949 - "Aleph"
- 1960 - "Creator"
- 1970 - "Report Brody"
- 1975 - "Book of Sand"
- 1977 - "Night History"
- 1980 - "Seven Nights"
- 1982 - "Nine Essays on Dante"
- 1985 - "Consignors"