Biography
The great art of Russian ballet is impossible to imagine without the legendary dancer Anna Pavlova. Prima of the Mariinsky Theater acted in the Russian stage for a decade, and then became the continuing traditions of the National School, introducing peace with the works of the outstanding choreographer Mikhail Fokina.
Throughout the life, Pavlova gave the dance more than any of the contemporaries. The plastic monologue "Dying Swan" for many years has become a ballerina's business card and is still considered unsurpassed and unique phenomenon of Russian scenic art.
Childhood and youth
The history of the birth of Anna Matveyevna Pavlova is mysterious and ambiguous. According to official records, the future ballerina was born on February 12, 1881 at the Military Hospital of St. Petersburg, and its parents were considered the soldiers of the Preobrazhensky regiment of Matvey Pavlovich Pavlov and Bundochka named Lyuba Fedorovna. However, there were rumors that Anna was an illegal daughter of the banker of Jewish nationality, who did not recognize paternity due to the high position in society.
Born premature and painful, the girl spent the first years of his life with his mother in St. Petersburg, and then moved to the village of Ligovo, to the house of grandmother on the father's line. Staying in the fresh northern air strengthened Ani's health, and Lyubov Fedorovna began to take a daughter with him to St. Petersburg.
In one of these visits, Pavlova fell into the theater on the ballet "Sleeping Beauty". Being in the bed with other children, the girl enthusiastically caught every movement of the performers and at the end of the performance said that he wants to dance just like Princess Aurora.
The mother considered that the growth and weight of the daughter is quite suitable for choreography, and led an 8-year-old girl to the entrance exam in a ballet school. From the first time it was not possible, but Anya continued to try, and in 1891 her finally accepted.
From the first days of study, Pavlova tried to become the best in class. Training at 8 o'clock a day, she achieved participation in a speech to the royal family, and after 7 years she graduated from the Imperial Theater School with honors.
Ballet
In 1999, Pavlov took to the Toroupe of the Mariinsky Theater and commissioned small parties immediately in several productions of the famous Balletmister Marius Petipa, among whom were the "precautionary integrity" and "Camargo". Soon the name Anna appeared on the bills of posters, among other artists, Pa-de-de and Pa de Troit in the performances "Corsair" and "Pahita", and then a talented dancer gained the title of ballerina and a constant scenic pair.
Mikhail Fokin repeatedly performed a duet with Pavlova and, becoming a choreographer, continued this fruitful cooperation, putting such masterpieces of the Russian ballet for a partner, as a dance monologue "Dying Swan" and the divertiment "Vine".
Thanks to these dancing, Anna received recognition and from 1908 he was constantly in the road. She participated in the production of "Sylphide" and "Cleopatra", held within the framework of the "Russian seasons" in France, then toured with a project by the cities of Germany, Belgium, England and other European countries. The poster with the portrait of the Pavlova work of the artist Valentina Serov soon after the debut became the emblem of the festival organized by the famous entrepreneur Sergey Dyagilev.
In 1910, Ballerina left Mariins and since then has imprisoned independent contracts for individual views. Anna performed the Main Party in Giselle in London and a month danced on the stage of the New York Metropolitan Opera.
In parallel with the tour of Pavlov, with the help of the American dancer, Adolf, the hospital organized his own troupe, in the repertoire of which Ballets "Magic Flute" Wolfgang Mozart, "Cavalry" Ivan Armemeimemer and the 2nd act of the Swan Lake Peter Tchaikovsky.
Later, the prima began to put their own rooms, which enjoyed success, comparable to the "Swan" and "Dance of Seven Covered" Fokina. Interesting is the fact that the ballerina inspired not only colleagues and belly connoisseurs, but also culinary. The name of Pavlova cake manufacturers called the air dessert, whose recipe was a meringue, resembling a pack, and fresh fruits.
In the early 1920s, Slava Anna and its team went beyond the European continent, when the Russian-American producer organized tour in the United States, and then agreed on performances in India.
After that, Pavlova became a living legend, which they wanted to see in all countries of the world. In the period from 1922 to 1929, the star honored his presence the best scenes of Japan, China, Egypt, Australia and New Zealand. During the trips, Ballerina visited dance schools and evaluated the skill of the student. Thanks to Anne, the famous actress, Ballerina and choreographer Tamara Tumanova got a chance to make their way to a big scene and make a career in the troupe of the Russian ballet in Monte Carlo.
Personal life
Anna Pavlova, over the course of decades, the best theaters of the world closed on the stage, in his personal life was a deeply unhappy person. The beginner ballerina avoided fans who insisted on a date and pretended expensive gifts. However, the troupe colleagues sometimes saw a girl in the company of the wealthy aristocrat Viktor Dandre.
An educated nobleman, enthusiastic, soon melted the heart of an impregnable beauty and deserved the right to become her benefactor and the patron. The high position of the Senate Counselor did not allow new relations to become serious. Young Halp removed the ballerina an apartment with a dance hall in the center of St. Petersburg in exchange for a duty to accompany him in society.
Pavlova experienced a sympathy for Viktor, but in the depths of the soul, I understood that she would never become the wife of a representative of the highest light. Therefore, the ballerina abandoned a chic life and left the patron, preferring the freedom to the golden cage. At that moment, when Anna suffered the strongest of all the loneliness, Mikhail Fokin appeared in her life, the director of the famous dance "Dying Swan". Balletmaster breathed new forces in a desperate star and became one of the few close people of Pavlova.
Finally recovery the example of Mariins helped foreign tour, during which she met the French composer Kamil Saint-Sansom and met with the great actor of a silent movie Charlie Chaplin. With the last Pavlova, a Platonic romance has failed, which has grown in a devoteed friendship, captured on archival photos.
When the ballerina received world fame and became a rich woman, she settled abroad, but did not cease to dream of a simple human happiness. Her thoughts returned to those left in his homeland Viktor Dandra.
At the time, when Sergey Dyagilev founded in Paris the theater of the Russian dance, the nobleman fell into a difficult financial situation and, without having to pay for debts, was in prison. Having learned about the troubles of the former fan, Pavlova ruined relations with many years of colleagues and signed a profitable contract with representatives of the Foreign Agency "Braff".
Having earned the necessary amount of money, the ballerina paid the debts of Dundra and, deciding that he could not live without this person, discharged former aristocrat to Paris. Victor arrived at the first call of Pavlova and, according to some sources, in 1911, secretly with her was married.
Pavlova bought a luxurious estate in the UK and organized his own troupe, becoming the owner of the chamber theater in London. All duties at home performed her husband, so Anna could have not care about anything and devote himself to creativity.
However, over time, the feelings of the ballerina to Dundra began to fade: she sat down the scandals, beat the dishes and cried. Victor reacted to hysterics calmly, because he sincerely thanked and loved Anna. Instead of getting from a psychologically unstable wife, he helped in organizational issues and was engaged in hiring and dismissing artists. So the couple lived together until the unexpected death of Pavlova in 1931.
Death
Pavlova, who became the property of the world, wanted to return and dance throughout his life. However, the fate was not pleased that the Dream of Ballerina was fulfilled. In January 1931, Anna went on tour to Hague and, having merged from the train, felt unhealthy. The hotel found out that the Russian star was cold and, according to colleagues, suffered from the fall of the chaff, which happened during the sharp braking of the composition.
The doctor found fluid in the lungs of the patient and advised to urgently conduct an operation. Hoping to dispel suspicions, the husband of Ballerina invited a personal doctor of the Netherlands Queen, who agreed with the diagnosed diagnosis and confirmed the need for surgery.
As a result, Pavlova put a drainage tube, but the time was missed. Ballerina lost consciousness and woke up only once to look at the scenic suit of the dying swan.
Pavlova passed away from Purrita on January 23, 1931, and her departure became a beautiful legend that was aimed at numerous fans. Over time, the attending physician and Victor Dundra described the history of the death of the Great Ballerina, but it was not important. The main thing was that the world lost the legendary "swan" and will never see him on the stage.
After the tragedy, fans and the public insisted that Pavlov must be buried on the cemetery of Per-Lashhesis near the grave of another famous dancer Mary Taloni. However, the husband followed the execution of the last will of the ballerina who desired to be cremated according to one of the Old Indian rites.
Memory
The death of Pavlova became the tragedy for humanity. Until today, many famous dancers and choreographers devote to the Great Russian Day.Anna's image is immortalized in the film-biographies of Moldavian director Emil Lotyan, and numerous books of art historians and ballersters of faith Krasovskaya and Andrei Sokolova-Kaminsky.
Repertoire
- 1902 - "Bayaderka"
- 1903 - "Giselle"
- 1906 - "Vine"
- 1907 - "Dying Swan"
- 1907 - "Evenika"
- 1907 - "Shopenian"
- 1908 - Night Trestrators
- 1909 - "Dragonfly"
- 1909 - "Butterfly"
- 1909 - "California Mac"
- 1913 - "Seven daughters of the mountain king"