Biography
Every people still needed a strong spiritual mentor with antiquity. In Russia, the monastery elders believed to those, famous for the humble life, the power of faith, capable of manifestation of miracles, and acquired wisdom. Real history gives an example that Dmitry Donskoy received a blessing on the battle with Tatar-Mongols from the Orthodox St. Sergius of Radonezh, and Fyodor Dostoevsky describes in detail in his immortal work Zosima, a favorite teacher Alexey Karamazov. Dalai Lama is responsible for moral values and deep religiousness of Tibetan Buddhists.History of spiritual title
The history of the spiritual title dates back to the distant 1578th, when Altan-Khan Amda, who drew to Buddhism the invited to the court of Guru Sonama Gyaco from the Tibetan school Gelug, created the very concept of Dalai Lama.
The warlord and ruler presented two valuable gift to the honorary guest. The first is a gold seal with a heartfelt inscription. The second - his name was transferred to his own Mongolian language - the Word was born that the religious leaders of the "roof of the world" were referred to.
Soon, they began to call two other predecessors of Sonama - the high priests of Gendong Drupe and Gendong Gyzo, and he himself received a numerical designation of the third (III) - as a sign of continuity. According to the teachings after leaving the earthly world of one Dalai Lama, the monks go to search for his worthy replacement represented in the face of a small boy. The child (necessarily older than 49 days from the death of the predecessor) is the physical embodiment of the consciousness of the deceased and reincarnation of Bodhisatvi.
The candidate is chosen based on symbolic signs, predictions and prophecies, referring to the instructions left, as well as after the successful passing of the proposed test. This is usually recognition of things and communicating with people from the surroundings of the deceased. If the successors turn out to be somewhat, then everything solves, as, however, and almost everywhere, the draw, the constant attribute of which is the Golden Vase.
After that, the future, Dalai Lama was taken to Potal Palace in the capital Lhasa, where he, being under guardianship and protection of wise teachers, receives spiritual and general education. And upon reaching the age of majority, refusing the regent, it enters into full rights. It is also known that the powers of the religious leader included the management of the country, with the exception of two dates, with the difference of exactly in a decade - 1949 and 1959.
If you try to give a concise and short answer to the burning question "How to become a Dalai Lama?", It will sound like this: "Need to be born correctly."
However, in the fall of 2018, the head of Tibetan Buddhists said that he intended to change the rule of selection of the successor, which was already more than 600 years old: they necessarily should have a child, and the "Dear Lama or theologians", and the young man who should be allowed to be allowed to fight for the title It turned 20 years old. A year earlier, he put forward a version that his His Holiness could be completely applied by a female representative.
Dalai Lama title owners
By 2019, the history of Tibetan Buddhism includes 14 Dalai Lam. The report is conducted, as already mentioned above, from the third, and its predecessors began to be called those after the cessation of their earthly existence. Of course, each of the spiritual leaders made an invaluable contribution to the development of their people, but only some are considered the most outstanding of them.
Dalai Lama V, perhaps, rightfully reveals this list, but should be mentioned and fourth, which was the only representative of the Mongolian dynasty. Ngawang Lobsang Giaso (Fifth), nicknamed great, became famous for his peace. He managed to unite the fragmented political forces of Tibet into a single powerful state, start the construction of Potala with the participation of true artistic work masters, lead to the relative order of religious literature.
The value of this person was so great that death was hidden for 15 years. At official meetings and receptions it was said that the absence is associated with deep meditation. Sometimes it was replaced in a mandatory twilight to be similar with him an externally "resident of the monastery."
After him, "the post accepted" the young and endowed with the poetic gift Zangyang Gyatso, who was far from asceticism and could not refrain from the urgent joys. They had long luxurious hair and fashionable silk clothes, archery and, of course, a lifestyle in the company of wine and women.
In the art of treatment, the latter did not hide a special intimate fact - he perfectly mastered sexual technique than, in fact, and proud. Proud of them, in response, and all Tibetans. However, he failed to live a long life - Lama, barely reached a 23-year-old line, poisoned enemies from a mountain lake.
His following His Holiness became famous for the fact that at the beginning of his "government" was engaged only by the "sublime" affairs, revoking politics (at the end of life, however, returning power to himself), and was the one who first allowed the representatives of Catholicism to their own territory. The piggy bank of the achievements complement also 8 volumes of spiritual writings.
With the eighth, the legend is eighth of the eighth, that in the year of his appearance barley stems, everything is as one, they were not covered with the only ear, but at once five, and the heavenly rainbow pointed on the whisper. The ninth died in childhood, at 9 years old, but those who managed to meet him described the unusually attractive appearance of the child and its strong, almost magnetic impact on those present.
After him, the next mentor was looking for a little less than 10 years. They became a child from a poor family, who as agreed and was not interested in political affairs. Two other guru switched to the world of others also relatively early - both did not reach the 20th anniversary.
The number 13 turned out to be happy and for the Dalai Lama, who worn it, and for his people. The next reincarnation of Bodhisatvi actively participated in both the internal and foreign policy, giving the native state a modern appearance. For example, he began to charge taxes and arrange a fight of corruption, plus - pay close attention to the level of military training soldiers.
Dalai Lama now
The Dalai Lama XIV became Lharmo Dhondrub, born in the July 6th day of 1935 in a poor peasant family in a small village, which is now considered part of the Chinese province. Parents, like all the adults of this settlement, earned themselves to feed farming - they grown and cultivated grain crops, as well as potatoes.
Sharing biographical facts regarding their own childhood, Lhamo with trepidation recalled relatives: the father, whom he drove for the mustache, and the mother - a woman with a kind heart. She gave 16 children's beloved spouse, of them, unfortunately, died more than half. The older sister was engaged in the house and at the right time helped the women in labor. Two of the four brothers later became monks.
"I remember how a child with a mother came to the chicken coop to collect eggs, and remained there. I liked to grasp the nest and cacked. Another my favorite occupation in childhood was to put things in the bag, as if I am going on a long journey, and sentenced: "I'm going to Lhasa, I'm going to Lhasa,", - valuable information about early hobbies is contained on the page of one of his books " Freedom in exile. "When the boy turned 3 years old, after him, as they say, came. The search team, driven by signs on the water and followed the direction of the head of the deceased 13th Dalai Lama, found the necessary dwelling. The purpose of the visit, however, the participants of the "delegation" did not disclose not immediately, but asked for overnight, watching the younger child in the house that recognized them.
A day later, they brought the things of the previous guru, which Dhondor was unmistakably guessed. In early 1940, he was officially introduced into the "position" of the spiritual leader of Tibet, then he received a new name - Chezzun Jamel Ngagwang Eshhe Tenszin Gyatsu (Gyamzo).
At the age of 15, it was transferred to him and secular power - for almost 10 years, Dalai Lama tried to resolve the Chinese-Tibetan question ending with his exile to India. Since then, the city of Dharamsala has become his residence.
Such a curious fact of biography, as familiarizing and communicating Lama in youth with Henry Harrer, is often used by Chinese propagandists in the context of the communication of the confessor with the Nazis, although he himself claims that nothing heard about them. Heinrich outlined his memories in the book "Seven Years in Tibet", on which later filmed a full-length film with Brad Pitt.
In 1989, His Holiness for the proposed new political model of development first native Tibet, and then the rest of the world was awarded the Nobel Prize. In general, as for science, and especially those who live in the creation of human clones or artificial intelligence, here Dalai Lama, which is called, not against.
As for public affairs, the teacher in 2007 stated that "is half a resignation", and after 4 years, there was no authority at all. Several times he visited Russia.
In September 2017, there were lectures in neighboring Riga on tradition with comments of Buddhist exercises, during which a meeting was held with representatives of the Russian intelligentsia, including the frontman of the Rock Group "Aquarium" Boris Grebenchikov. In the same year, Dalai Lama uttered his famous statement about the potential of the Russian Federation to become the main nation of the world. In 2018, he again reinforced the following expression:
"I always considered Russia a leading global power. Putin is very active, he visits many countries of the world. It causes admiration in me, I appreciate his efforts. "
The life and activities of the Dalai Lama more than once took and an artistic embodiment. A dedicated admirer and lover of Russian rock will certainly remember the famous chorus from the song of the cult Petersburg "Splin": "Come on, Lama, let's", that is consonant with the title name. And the fans of the inimitable BG, who follow the work of the artist, know that in 2017, as a musical offerings, Dalai Lama Boris Borisovich used the song "White Horse".
"This is a song about a white horse, leaving the comfort of a stable and going to search for freedom. In accuracy, as our soul leaves the material of the material world and goes in search of enlightenment, according to your teachings, "added Grebenshchikov.However, this is not the only song in the arsenal of the legendary team about Buddhism - here are here, for example, "Forward, Bodhisatva!" and "knives of Bodhisatatva."
Being an example of spiritual enlightenment, the teacher reports its wisdom to followers through witty aphorisms and statements inspiring the creation of painting and photography exhibitions. For example, the project "Portrait of the Dalai Lama", presented in the Misitory Dalai Lama Mixed Documentary Film 2018.
On the official website of His Holiness its activities for the 2019th and 2020th: teachings, prayers, prayers, visits are described in detail. All those who are also given the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the speeches of the confessor with the help of the radio and configuration on the desired wave or take advantage of the direct broadcast. Here in a separate section published an approximate day of the Dalai Lama, rare photos and valuable biographies are posted.
In February 2019, on a personal page in "Instagram" of the young wife of the Hollywood Star Richard Gira - Spanish journalist Alejandra Silva - there was a publication that their long-awaited newborn baby received the blessing of the Dalai Lama.
In addition, the word Dalai Lama itself calls and characterizes not only a particular person living in strict laws of morality and morality. It has now become the name of nominative for everyone quietly staying in a raging stream of life, contemplating the world capable of almost endless love of the surrounding, and especially to the neighbor, and the fastening art to be happy.
Emballation in culture
Books
- 1952 - Heinrich Harrer. "Seven years in Tibet. My life at the court of Dalai Lama "
- 2013 - Christopher Buckley. "They eat puppies, right?"
- 2015 - David Michie. "Dalai Lama Cat"
Films
- 1994 - "I am a Buddhist monk"
- 1997 - "Seven years in Tibet"
- 1997 - "Kundun"
- 2006 - "10 questions for Dalai Lama"
- 2008 - "Dawn / Sunset. Dalai Lama XIV »
- 2008 - Renaissance Dalai Lama
- 2010 - "Buddha"
- 2018 - "Why are we creative?"
- 2018 - "Last Dalai Lama?"
Music
- 1997 - "Spleen". "English-Russian dictionary".
- 2004 - Rammstein. Dalai Lama.
- 2013 - Anton Schulga. "Dalai Lama wants home"