Biography
Amedeo Modigliani - a representative of expressionism, an artist whose biography is comparable to Roman. Master's paintings inspire the public no less than a love story that made a painter with an object of chanting in the creative environment. Modigliani had a unique author's style and did not refuse the calling, despite the infancy of fate. Fame came to the artist posthumously, and the pictures today are fabulous money.Childhood and youth
Amedeo Modigliani was born in Livorno on July 12, 1884. His fate was partly predetermined by the origin. Father Amedeo - the famous Italian painter with Jewish roots. When the boy was for several years, the father was overtaking bankruptcy, and the care of the upbringing and keeping children took over the mother. In the fourth, the younger, the child she did not care of the soul. Amideo's soreness added maternal care, and he answered her attachment traditional for Jewish families.
Evgenia Modigliani, in Maiden Garsen, had a great education and instilled in children to knowledge. She knew several foreign languages, and transfers became an additional income for the family. Noticing the tendency of the Son to Fine Arts, Mother at first did not betray it. But at 11 years old, Amedeo fell ill with a typhus and spoke to delight only about painting. Eugene made the only right choice. When Moodigaliani-youngee turned 14, he was given to the local artist Gulielmo Micheli.
Becoming the youngest among the students of the mentor, Amedeo quickly decided with his stories interested. The main direction of his creativity became portraits. In 1900, Modigliani fell ill with tuberculosis. To restore health, the mother took the Son to the island of Capri, and the lessons were temporarily suspended.
Traveling in Italy, the boy got acquainted with the works of outstanding painters. He visited Rome and Florence. Here the novice artist entered the school of painting, and a year later he moved to Venice, where he became a student of the "Free School of Nude Nature".
In 1906, Amedeo, with the help of Mother, moved to Paris, who became the capital of the arts during these years. The public at that time was fond of cubism, so the works that exhibited Modigliani for sale were not in demand. Settled in expensive apartments, the young man was forced to soon move on the cheap detachable apartment, where he wrote pictures to order. In parallel, he took lessons at the Academy of Painting Kolasrasi.
The only source of income for Amedao remained the money sent by the mother. He often had nothing to pay for accommodation, so I had to run away from removable apartments, leaving the picture. But in the world of art, he gradually won recognition, although it did not affect financial condition.
Creation
In 1907, Amedeo Modigliani made his debut at the "Autumn Salon" in Paris. A year later, his work was put in the "independent salon". During these years, the artist produced his own style. He made friends with Pablo Picasso, Jean Cocteau, wrote their portraits and created the paintings of the "Jewish", "Cellistist" and others.
In 1909, the acquaintance with Konstantin Brankuzy makes Amedeo pay attention to the sculpture. In the absence of money on the materials of Modigliani steals sandstone and tree at construction site. He had to leave the fascination with this direction of art because of patients with lungs.
The creativity of Modigliani is associated with the weaknesses to which many artists are prone. He loved Hashish, and over time he was addicted to alcohol. Left in Paris in 1914, when men called on the front of the First World War, the artist felt on the verge. The state of physical and mental health left much to be desired. Aedeo continued to write to order, but critics still did not want to see talent in it.
The works of Modigliani carry a handprint of a unique author's manner. People depicted to them seems to have a flat mask instead of face, which is hidden individuality. To see her, the paintings should be lined. In the late period of creativity, the master added rounded the elongated ovals of individuals.
Working not with space, but with kind, Modigliani created sad, touching images and was fond of visualization of nude nature, combining harmony of color and lines. The most famous works of the author in this direction were "nude, sitting on the sofa" and "lying naked with a blue pillow".
In the same style, the works "Portrait of Zborovsky", "Alice". The author neglected the ratio of proportions in favor of the inner mood of the character. The artist often portrayed children and teenagers with melancholic sadness on her face. Bright examples of such works were the "Portrait of the Girl", "Girl in Blue", "Little Peasant".
Inspiration Master brought the feelings experienced by him. The main love of his life Zhanna Ebutern, he repeatedly depicted on the canvases. One of the last works of the painter was the picture "Jeanne Ebutern in Red Shawl." On her, the lover masters is depicted in anticipation of the second child. In the works dedicated to her, a high degree of sensuality was transferred, admiration for a simulator and love.
Fortuna smiled Modigliani before death. His works finally attracted the attention of critics who began to call the author's "novice artist who gives hope." Amedeo Modigliani at that time was 35 years old.
Personal life
When considering the autoportist moduliani, it is difficult to say whether the author was good. But the preserved photos confirm that otherwise it could not be. An attractive man enjoyed the attention of the ladies, and his personal life was always shrouded in a romantic fler. Despite the poverty, Modigliani was incredibly chopoten and elegant. A sophisticated artist with a sketchnik in his hands attracted beauties, and his charm left no heart calm. Independent and unrecognizable, moduliani manifes many.
One of the loud novels, which society learned a lot later than its completion, became an alliance with Anna Akhmatova. The mutual attraction that arose between them was accompanied by the creation of portraits of poetess who came to Paris with his spouse Nikolai Gumilev. Aedeo created several cavot, inspired by the image of Anna, and among them the sketches of naked nature, although Ahmatov denied that they were written from her. Most of the images of the poeses were lost when sending to Russia, but one portrait she lovingly kept for many years.
In 1914, Modigliani met a journalist Beatris Hastings. All Parisian society witnessed their rapidly developed relationships. Jealousy, flirting, beatings and treason accompanied this novel. Beatrice tried to save Amedeo from fearful addictions, but they were stronger. After 2 years of crises and reconciliation, Hastings left Modigliani.
1917 turned out to be a turning point for the artist. He met a young student Jeanne Ebüern. The painter's muse was 19 years old, and she became his most faithful friend. The feelings of lovers did not interfere with the protests of the parents of the girl who did not want the daughter to become the wife of the poor artist leading a rampant lifestyle.
A year after dating, the couple moved to Nice. The local climate was useful to aggravated health Amedeo, but the last stages of tuberculosis were not to be treated. In the same year, the lovers had a daughter. A joyful father made Zhanna proposal to become his wife. During this period, the audience became interested in the works of the artist, and it seemed that this story would find a happy final. In 1919, the couple returned to Paris, but the days of the artist were discussed. He lived for 7 months and died in a hospital for homeless.
Death
Poor well-being accompanied Modigliani all his life. He wrote off him on poor health in childhood, and then on the influence of alcohol. It was impossible to talk about tuberculosis - otherwise he would have to remove himself from society. The disease caused the death of the artist. On January 24, 1920, Amedeo Modigliani died from tuberculosis meningitis.
At that moment, his beloved was waiting for the second child. Not wanting to live without Modigliani, she said goodbye to life, having thrown away from the 6th floor. The death of Modigliani shocked all Paris. He was accomplished on the last path numerous friends.
Zhanna buried in a modest grave away from the named spouse. Only 10 years later, the relatives allowed her dust in the grave of Modigliani, again connecting the lovers.
In addition to the daughter of Joan, Amedeo Modigliani did not have children. She devoted himself to the study of father's creativity. Two years after the death of Amedeo, his work was sharply soared in price, and the master himself was already called great.
In 2004, an inspired by the artist's biography director Michael Davis removed a biographical film about the life and work of Modigliani.
Paintings
- 1909 - "Beggar of Livorno"
- 1914 - "Fight Diego River"
- 1915 - "Portrait of Pablo Picasso"
- 1915 - "Anthony"
- 1916 - "Bride and Groom"
- 1917 - "Nude on a blue pillow"
- 1917 - "Red-haired woman"
- 1918 - "Alice"
- 1918 - "Girl in Blue"
- 1919 - "Singer from Nice"