Biography
Victor Nekrasov, who united in the first work of the tradition of "Sevastopol stories", Lion Tolstoy with the style of Erich Remarik, introduced the wake of the truth in Soviet literature. Prosaika can be called the Decembrist of the 20th century: heroically fought for his homeland and the writer who asked by the authorities appreciated the friendship and morality above the material benefits and privileges. The nobleman in his birth managed to visit the Stalinist winner, and an employee of Radio Freedom, devoid of Soviet citizenship.Childhood and youth
The future writer was born in Kiev, 2 months before the historic visit to the "Mother of Russian Cities" Emperor Nicholas II. The father of the boy, Plato Feodosievich Nekrasov, did not have related ties with the poet Nikolai Nekrasov, the author of the work of "to live well in Russia", but the mother of Zinaida Nikolaevna accounted for a far-relative Anna Akhmatova.
Shortly after the birth of Viktor, the parents parted, and the boy spent 3 years in the French language environment - first in Switzerland, and then in Paris, where Zinaida studied at the doctor and was friends with the Anatoly Lunacharsky family.
In 1915, Nekrasov returned to Kiev, but they failed to talk with the father - in 1917 Platon Feodosievich died suddenly. After 2 years, the older brother of the future writer Kolya - the young man who spoke exclusively in French was tragically died, the patrol accepted the spy for the spy, shompologists and threw the body into the Dnieper.
Victor received a purely female education - Grandma, Mom and Aunt Sophia Nikolaevna were raised. In photographs, the little necris is captured in maiden dresses and long hair. With the filing of the older relandents, Victor has not called himself all his life or Vita, but Vika.
Nekrasov rose a cute and obedient child. In addition to school, he was additionally engaged in the languages of Moliere and Shakespeare. The guy sought to realize a variety of talents, to realize not only his dreams, but also the hopes assigned to the deceased brother. After school, at the same time he studied in architectural and theater institutes, engaged in the literary studio.
As an architect of Nekrasov participated in the construction of the Kiev Station and the construction of the stairs on the Askold Tomb. As an actor with a mobile theater performed in the Far East, on the shores of Vyatka and Don. The Biography of Victor Cool changed with the beginning of the war: Nekrasov did a volunteer to the front, as a sapper passed from Stalingrad to Poland, was twice wounded, awarded orders and medals. On the front, entered the WCP (b). From the war, Viktor Nekrasov, on the memoirs of aunt, returned to Pubbiev, with spoiled manners.
Creation
Wounded on the front right hand heal badly. To restore Motoriki, the doctor advised Nekrasov to write a little daily, and Viktor Platonovich was engaged in creating the main work of life - the books "on the edge of the earth", subsequently transformed into the story "in the trenches of Stalingrad."
A book was created at the light of the kerosene lamp, and the starting writer was spent on Kerosene 400 rubles. per month, and military pension ranged only 500. Efforts and funds paid off by a hundredfold. The work, which posted the beginning of the "Lieutenant Prose", published the magazine "Banner", and the author for the personal order of the leader of all nations was among the winners of the Stalinist Prize.
The memories of the injury of the upper limb were helped by Nekrasov in 1950. In 1950, it is plausible to describe similar contusion in the story of "Senka", telling about the transformation of a young mansory in a courageous warrior. In the work of "in the native city", the writer spoke about the difficult return of the former front-line people to a peaceful life.
Creativity Viktor Platonovich was not limited only to fiction literature. Proser proved that the house number 13 on Andreevsky descent is exactly the building in which Mikhail Bulgakov lived. With the light hand of Nekrasov, the three-story building of Kievans began to call the "turbine house". The historical notes of Viktor Platonovich about the capital of Ukraine formed the basis of the cycle "City Walks".
Special relations were in the writer with cinema. 10 years after the first publication, the story made by Nekrasov famous, the work was shielded: the film "Soldiers" was released - one of the first paintings with the participation of Innocent Smoktunovsky. After another 2 years, the director Vladimir Hungry, based on the story of Viktor Platonovich, "in his hometown" removed the picture "The city lights lights." In the tape, the young actress Alice Freundlich played not an episodic, and a full-fledged role.
In 1960, Prosais has served the amateur film "Paola and Roman", in which the main male role played. According to Nekrasov scenarios, documentary paintings "Unknown Soldier", "Son of Soldier," "lived", "And again white the color of chestnuts", "Seller toys". Director Ilya Gutman on the basis of Books Viktor Platonovich released the tapes "38 minutes in Italy" and "The usual life of Buenos Aires".
Emigration
The writer who worriedly survived the Stalin era, unexpectedly began to persecute under Nikita Khrushchev. The authorities did not like the Review of Nekrasov on the film Marlene Huziyev "Zaspasya Ilyich", then essays written by Prosaik on the results of a foreign trip. Viktor Platonovich, instead of angry chindlings of capitalism, published lyrical notes, in which sympathy for ordinary people was combined with a soft irony and an enthusiastic description of the beauty of Paris.Special irritation in the Central Committee of the CPSU caused the activities of Nekrasov on the perpetuation of the memory of Kiev Jews, shot in Babi Yar with fascists. Viktor Pavlovich achieved the fact that a monument was built at the place of execution, refusing the initial plan for the construction of the stadium there. The books of the Laureate of the Stalinist premium ceased to publish, and Nekrasov with the elderly mother were forced to exist on his veteran retirement.
The writer was not a dissident in the full sense of the word, but supported the comrades who fell into disrespects, kept and reprinting forbidden literature, signed letters against Stalin's rehabilitation. Nekrasov excluded three times from the party. After the search conducted in the spring of 1974, the writer wrote Brezhnev with a request to allow him to go abroad with his family. In July, permission was given, and in the fall, the prose with his wife flew to Switzerland.
Abroad, Viktor Platonovich collaborated with the magazine "Continent" and the radio station "Freedom". After the ulcerative criticism of the Nekrasov, Leonid Brezhnev's work about the war, "Small Earth" writer deprived of Soviet citizenship, and his books seized from libraries.
In Paris, Viktor Platonovich wrote a shrill autobiographical story "Ninth May", telling about the Soviet veteran of the Patriotic War, forced to live in emigration. An old man is not to celebrate the Victory Day, and he celebrates a holiday with a German pilot, once bombed Stalingrad.
Personal life
About Viktor Nekrasov's personal life is known. The aunt writer Sophia Nikolaevna in memoirs mentioned actress Nanine Prahova, which allegedly the nephew contained, being in the pre-war period in Vladivostok. After the war of marriage with Viktor Platonovich, many Kiev ladies dreamed, but the writer "lived a panic" with her mother, to which no less tied than in childhood.
Relations with women were reduced either to Platonic Friendship, or to the Radio Flirt. The familiar noted a certain spark, which ran between the prose and literary critic of Acea Berzer, who edited the works of Nekrasov.
The writer had many friends both among the creative intelligentsia and in Kievans who were acquainted with Nekrasov in restaurants and cafes of the city. Viktor Platonovich's friends often parasitized on the kindness of Prosaika, the months were located in a two-room apartment on Khreshchatyk.
After the death of Mom, the writer reunited with the youthful love - actress Galina Bazi, with which the pilot of the lieutenant prose separated the war. To the son of his wife from the first marriage - Viktor Kondirevo - Nekrasov treated as a native. The stepper was a complete bibliography. The writer did not have their own children.
Death
Death, before which, near Stalingrad, Viktor Platonovich remained much less than four steps, caught up the writer when restructuring was already in the Soviet Union. Nekrasov died at 76 years. The cause of the death of an avid smoker was the lung cancer. In the same 1987, another writer Nekrasov died in the USSR - the Literary Father "Captain Lunned".
The detonator lieutenant prose is buried at the Paris Cemetery of Saint Genevieve, where Viktor Platonovich's eternal peace gained, Alexander Galich, and such writers like TEFFI, Zinaida Hippius and Dmitry Merezhkovsky. The monument was attached to the fragment of the projectile found by Nekrasov at Mamaev Kurgan 40 years before the death.
A number of documentary belts have been created about the life and work of the Soviet Decembrist, the most detailed of which is "Viktor Nekrasov. All life in the trenches "(2011). In 2006, directed by Andrei Eshpai removed the works of Viktor Platonovich "Kira Georgievna" and "very strange story" the film "Multiple". The picture tells about the difficult choice of a successful lady-sculptor between the loving second spouse and the first husband who passed through Stalin's camps.
Bibliography
- 1946 - "Stalingrad"
- 1947 - "In the trenches of Stalingrad"
- 1949 - "Piez about courage"
- 1949 - "Test" ("Dangerous Path")
- 1954 - "In the hometown"
- 1956 - "Senka"
- 1960 - "First acquaintance. From foreign impressions "
- 1961 - Kira Georgievna
- 1961 - "Vasya Konakov"
- 1962 - "On both sides of the ocean"
- 1965 - "Month in France"
- 1965 - "Second Night"
- 1967 - "Travels in different dimensions"
- 1968 - "Grandfather and granddaughters"
- 1976 - "Zewaki notes"
- 1978 - "On both sides of the wall"
- 1985 - "Little Sad Tale"