Biography
Karl ORF is a German musician and a composer, which art historians call the Bavarian experimenter. The works of the author are distinctive and simple, but at the same time majestic and fascinating. Cantata "Carmina Burana" is considered the most famous creation of ORF. In his work, the composer promoted symbiosis of music and theater. He did not want his music to relate to the pure opera genre.
The great contribution of the musician is not only in his author's legacy, it consists of a developed pedagogical technique. ORC thought about raising young people and made a bet on the development of the creative side of the person.
Childhood and youth
Munich became Mary Orfa's homeland of Karl. The boy was born on July 10, 1895. He was a descendant of the Jewish race. A creative atmosphere has always reigned in the Orphic House. Father perfectly owned musical instruments, so the inspirational sonny son heard from the small years. The development of creative potential contributed to the mother, who cared for the upbringing of the Son.
Music was interested in Karl since childhood. He loved to listen to the parents played, and gradually began to study the features of the tools. When an orfacy was 4 years old, he first saw the performance of the puppet theater. The child was very impressed and since then often played in dolls.
At age 5, he began to master the game on the piano. He liked to improvise, and the music gram was granted without difficulty. 6-year-old boy gave to school. Already knowing how to read and write thanks to the mother, Karl missed lessons, but with ecstasy composed poems and stories at home. Two works of the young author even printed in a children's magazine.
Passion to the puppet theater increased. Karl began to put homemade performances, attracting a younger sister. He spoke by the author of music, texts and plots. At 14, the young man visited the Opera House for the first time. Having become acquainted with the "Battle Dutch" Richard Wagner, he was very impressed, threw school and spent all the time for the piano. At 16 Karl threw the gymnasium and began to prepare for his parents to study at the Music Academy. The young man came in 1912.
The program of the Academy did not apply to the Orpha to taste. He penetrated the work of Claude Debussy and wanted to go to Paris to learn from the idol, but the parents were against. After completing training in 1914, Karl became a concertmaster at the Opera House and continued to take lessons from Herman Tsilhera.
In 1916 he got the position of the Kammersuser at the "Kammershpil" theater. The happiness of the novice composer was short: he interrupted the war. The young man got on the Eastern Front, was injured and contused and returned to the rear. He continued his career in the mannheim theater, and then moved to Munich.
Music
Wanting to penetrate the essence of the details, the ORF became interested in pedagogy. He was engaged in tutoring, communicating with the musicians who plan to enter the music academy, but the existing teaching concept was not satisfied. In 1923, together with a new acquaintance, Gymnast, Günther, Karl opened the Guntershule dance school and music, where he became a teacher. It marked the beginning of the creation of his own method of musical education. The author described his vision in the book called "Schulverk". She came out in 1932.
The synthesis of movement, music and words lay at the heart of the principle of the Orph. Methods of "Music for Children" involves the disclosure of the creative potential of the child through improvisation in one or another sphere.
The composer offered education by learning the game on musical instruments. He developed "Elementary Musication", combining the whole process with a general term. The musician even has prepared materials that, subject to change, remain relevant to joint improvisation with children.
Gradually, the composer changed priorities and plunged into creating music again. His most famous creature is considered "Carmina Burana" ("Carmina Burana"). The work was based on the story of "Boyurin's songs", found in 1802 in the Benedictine monastery. Manuscripts retained the poem of Goliradov, who wrote the music under which Karl wrote. The topics raised by the authors of the 13th century turned out to be relevant for the 20th century.
The manuscript was a drawing of the Fortune Wheel, which served as the foundation of the composition composition. The wheel rotates, and the mood is replaced on the scene, mental state. "Carmina Burana" became the 1st part of the trilogy, and Catulli Carmina and TRIONFO DI AFRODITE - subsequent. The composer himself called his brainchild the festival of the harmony of the human spirit, balancing between the carnal and spiritual.
The premiere of Cantata took place in 1937. The work became extremely successful among the Nazis who came to power. Goebbels and Hitler were his big fans. The success of this essay eclipsed all previous luck of the Orph. The song "O Fortuna" is familiar with even those who are not strong in the opera.
The authority of Karl Orfa was incredibly high. He was entrusted to create music to produce a "sleep in a summer night". Creation of Felix Mendelssohn was then banned in Germany, and an alternative solution to the composer was seen. ORF remained displeased his own work and further redid the work. Because of this, the premiere was detained until 1964.
Surprisingly, as in the presence of Jewish roots, the musician managed to win the location of the German government. In the final of the war, he was listed in the black list for Hitler's preview, but the trouble went around him by friendship with Kurt Huber. So the ORF got a chance to return to pedagogy and music. In 1955, the composer settled in Dissene-on-Ammesee, later moved to Salbourg. There he was led by the institution where his ORF-Schulverk learning system was used.
Creativity Karl Orfa is also known to also such works as the "moon", "clever", called the author of the fabulous operas, "Antigon" and "King Edip". The musician paid great attention to the value of rhythm, and his favorite tools were drums.
Among the last works of the composer - the mystical play "Comedy at the end of times", created in 1973. It was used in the films "devastated lands" and "True Love". Since 1975, ORC has been engaged in the publication of materials from his own archive.
Personal life
Karl ORF enjoyed the attention of women. He was married for the first time in 25 years. The chief of the composer was the opera singer Alice Solzher. The wife gave birth to a daughter called Godel. The girl was the only heir of Orfa. Other marriages did not bring him children. The personal life of Karl and Alice did not set. After 5 years, a divorce occurred, and from 1925 to 1939 the musician was granted to himself, without having obligations.
The second love of the Orph became the doctor Gertrud Willert. The girl was younger than 19 years old and could not stand it with him for more than 4 years. In 1954, Carl was combined with a marriage with the writer Louise Rinzer, but this Union was fragile. At the age of 65, the composer married Liselotte Schmitz, who worked as secretary. The girl was much younger than the chosen one and became the witness of his death. In 1982, the fourth spouse of the musician created the foundation of his name and managed the organization until 2012.
Death
The biography of Karl Orfa is full of interesting facts confirming that fate was favorable to him. Last lifetime, he became an honorary member of the University of Regensburg, the Nuremberg Academy of Arts, the Academy of Arts Bavaria and the Roman Santa Castchilia. In addition, the musician became an honorary doctor of the University of Tubingen and Munich University of Ludwig-Maximilian.
Karl ORF has repeatedly received awards as recognizing his contribution to the art and culture of Germany. In 1975, he was presented by the status of an honorary citizen of the native city of Munich, and in 2001, astronomers assigned his name asteroid.
ORC suffered from pancreatic cancer. The disease gradually took the health of the composer and caused death. Karl ORF died at the 87th year of life, March 29, 1982. His dust was buried in the Church of the Andex Monastery near Munich.
Musical works
- 1937 - "Carmina Burana"
- 1937 - "Moon"
- 1942 - "Katulli Carmina"
- 1943 - "Umnitsa"
- 1943-1945 - "Bernaurerin"
- 1947 - "Antigona"
- 1950 - "Aphrodite Triumph"
- 1957 - "Tsar Edip"
- 1963 - "Prometheus"
- 1972 - "Mysteries of the end of time"