I-Biograge
U-Ilya erenburg uyimbongi yaseSoviet kanye nomlobi, ochwepheshe kanye nomhumushi, ongokwesiwonkewonke, umsebenzi wabo wazalelwa enkathini enzima yezwe. Wabona i-Revolution, izimpi zezwe lokuqala neyesibili, zazisethuthayo, kepha zahlala zithembekile ezweni lakubo.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-Ereenburg yazalwa ngoJanuwari 14, 1891 emndenini wonjiniyela nowomama asezindlini. Umama womfana wayezinikele kakhulu futhi ethandaza njalo. Uchithe impelasonto phakathi kwabantu abanomqondo ofanayo futhi akazange ajabule emshadweni. Ubaba ka-Ehrenburg wayengumuntu ozenzela umxhwele, fan of Engineering futhi wayenezinkinga eziphikisanayo.
U-Ilya ubuntwana udlulile ezweni lakubo, eKiev, kwathi ngo-1895, kanye nomndeni wakhe wathuthela eMoscow. Ubaba wamiswa umqondisi we-Chamovnic Brewery. Indodana yanikezwa ukuba ifundelwe e-Moscow Gymnasium. Kwakunomhlangano noLvom Tolstoy, ubungani noNikolai Bukharin kanye nokubamba iqhaza enhlanganweni yezinguquko ezingaphansi komhlaba. Lesi sakamuva saphinde saboshwa, kepha abazali bakwazile ukwenza idiphozi phambi kwenkantolo. Kuliqiniso, u-Ilya akazange avele kuye, ngakho-ke ngo-1908 waphendukela ekufudukeni.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1910, umshado wase-Ehrenburg waqedwa nomhumushi uCatherine Schmidt. Ngemuva konyaka, umkankosikazi wamnika indodakazi ka-Irina. Wakhulela, waba ngumhumushi ovela eFrance washada. Umlingani wase-Irina wafa, futhi aphazamise umfazi, u-Ehrerburg waletha phambi kwentombazane uFaine, owaqala ukuhlala emndenini wabo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umlobi walo umbhali kwahlukana ngo-1913, eHreshergn bebelokhu besekela ubudlelwane nendodakazi yakhe.Umlingani wesibili kahulumeni wango-1919 wayengudadewabo kaMqondisi uGrigory Kozintseva Uthando. Wayengumculi futhi wenza umbhali wakujabulisa empilweni yakhe. Izingane emshadweni azivelanga.
Ukudala
Ukugijimela eParis, eHrerburg kwajwayelana nabamele ubuciko namasiko, uVladimir Lenin, okuvakashele kwawo. Kancane kancane, u-Ilya wasuka kwezepolitiki waqala ukubhala izinkondlo. Ngo-1911, wanyathelisa iqoqo lakhe lokudubula "Ngiyaphila", nangemva kweminyaka emithathu, enye futhi - "Izinsuku zesonto". Wazama ukuba ngumshicileli, esungula umagazini "Helios" bese "kusihlwa". Umlobi we-Ilya ehrerburg ungumnikazi wencwadi ethi "Amantombazane, awenze." Ishicilelwe kwabezindaba, umlobi waphikisana namaBolsheviks.
Empini yezwe yokuqala, umbhali wasebenza njengombhali wamasosha. Ngokweqiniso wabona konke okwenzeka e-Franco-German ngaphambili. Ngo-1917, u-Ehrerburg, wabuyela eRussia, lapho athole khona umsebenzi eMnyangweni Wezokuphepha Komphakathi futhi waba yisisebenzi sokuphathwa kwezemidlalo kanye nokukhethwa kwemfundo yangaphambi kwesikole. Umbhali wayengelula ukuthola izehlakalo zezepolitiki, ngakho-ke ngo-1921 wasuka eFrance wabe ese-Belgium. Enye iminyaka emi-3 yi-Ehrerburg ichithe eBerlin.
Emfuleni, umbhali wakhipha amanoveli "ama-adventures ajwayelekile kaJulio Gurenito nabafundi bakhe", "RVACH", "uLyuban Zhanna". Ama-Essays mayelana noMphakathi obonwa ngaphambili efakwe encwadini ethi "Lick War". Ubuye waba ngumlobi wenoveli nama-acticle on Art. Ngokwesibalo esibhaliwe, i-biography yakhe njengombhali yaqala ngo-1958, kanye nokuphuma kokuphuma emsebenzini kaJulio Khurenito. Le ndatshana iyi-Sybiosis yokucabanga ngenkathi yanamuhla nezinkondlo. Kuyo, umbhali uchaza i-Europe neRussia ngesikhathi sempi nenguquko.
Ngo-1923, u-Ilya erenburg waba ngumbhali we-Izvestia reakishing house. Intatheli yakhe yentatheli ya yaziswa kakhulu njengethuluzi le-Soviet Propagwanda phesheya. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1930, umlobi wabuyela eRussia futhi wahamba ngezwe lakubo, evakashela eSiberia nasezeleni. Ngalesi sikhathi, isinkwa "isinkwa" isinkwa esiphuthumayo sethu "nencwadi ethi" Paris wami ", okudalwe umbhalo ohlanganisiwe nezithombe. Le misebenzi elandelayo bekuyiqoqo lezindaba "ngaphandle kwe-Truce", iqoqo lezinkondlo "leqiniso", inoveli "Lokho okudingwa ngumuntu".
Ngo-1941, umbhali waya eParis futhi wasebenza kakhulu ngomshini wokuthanda izwe, wayengumbhali we- "Red Star", wabhala imithombo yezindaba ephrintiwe kanye nehhovisi lolwazi leSoviet. Ngo-1942, umlobi wangena ekomitini le-anti-fascist futhi wahlanganyela emisebenzini yokuQothulwa Kwesizwe.
Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, umbhali waphinda wagcwalisa i-Bibliography isebenza "ngesivunguvungu" kanye "nesishiyagalolunye shap". Umlobi "wesiphepho" wawuthola umklomelo we-stalinist ngezinga lokuqala. Ngo-1954, banyathelisa indaba ethi "Thaw", futhi ngawo-1960s, amaMemoirs "abantu, iminyaka, impilo" baya kummemezeli. Zonke izincwadi eziyi-7 ezenze umsebenzi wokugcina wanyatheliswa ngeminyaka yama-1990s.
Ukushona
U-Ilya Ehrenburg ushone ngo-Agasti 31, 1967. Imbangela yokufa yayingukuphazamiseka kwe-myocardial ngenxa yesifo esihlala isikhathi eside. Abalobi bangcwatshwe eMoscow e-NovoDevichy Cemetery. Ifa lakhe lakha isithombe, imithetho yezemibhalo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ifilimu elibhalwe phansi "Inja Yezinja", yadutshulwa ngo-2005.I-Bibliography
- 1911 - "Ngiyaphila"
- Ngo-1914 - "Nge Phambili Izinsuku: Izinkondlo"
- 1920 - "Lick War"
- Ngo-1922 - "" Izimangaliso Ezingajwayelekile ZoJulio Khurenito "
- 1923 - "Amashubhu ayishumi nantathu"
- Ngo-1924 - "Uthando Zhanna wakhe"
- Ngo-1928 - "Impilo Enesivunguvungu sikaLasika Roitshwanza"
- 1933 - "Isinkwa Sethu sasemadolobheni"
- Ngo-1933 - "IParis yami"
- Ngo-1937 - "Ngaphandle kwesikhonkwane"
- Ngo-1937 - "Okudingwa Umuntu Umuntu"
- 1942 - "Drop Paris"
- 1942-19444 - "Impi"
- Ngo-1947 - "Isiphepho"
- Ngo-1950 - "Shape yesishiyagalolunye"
- 1954 - "Thaw"