I-Biograge
Umculi wabantu weRussia Federation, umqondisi-iziphindaphindi uLeonid Schwartzman ngo-2020 wagubha iminyaka eyi-100. Nguye owasungula ukuthi uCheburashka nabanye abalingiswa bezobukeka kanjani. Umuntu ofanayo ahlukanise le ndaba ekhuluma ngengxoxo efihlwe endaweni ethembeke kakhulu, "kitten okuthiwa yi-GAV" futhi yasungulwa, kunokulinganisa i-BOA - "Parrots" 38 ". Ngamanye amagama, uLeonid Aronovich ungomunye wabasebenzi abadumile be-soyuzmultfilm kanye nezithixo zezinkulungwane zezingane ze-USSR neRussia.Ubuntwana nentsha
Abaphindaphindeka bazalwa ngo-Agasti 30, 1920 eMinsk, inhliziyo yeBelarusian SSR, emndenini ka-Arona Nakhmovich noRaheli Solomonna. ILithuanian neMinksana, amaJuda ngobuzwe, wakhuluma i-Yiddish. Lona waqeqesha izingane zabo - uLeonid nomfowabo nodadewabo, uNauma noHerrietta (noma nje), ababemdala kakhulu. Engxoxweni, uMdali kaCheburashka wakhumbula:
"Abazali bami nomfowethu nodadewethu bavela ekhulwini le-XIX."Lapho uLeonid efunda ebangeni lesi-2, waqala ukuya kuye (uthisha ebuJudeni) wafundisa isiHeberu. Umfana waphikisana ngazo zonke izindlela. Ngokuyinhloko, akazange aqonde inkolo futhi akazange athande isinagoge, njengazo zonke izingane ze-USSR, ahlela ukujoyina amaphayona. Amakilasi aphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2, iqiniso lokuthi ingane ishaye ingane ngomkhuleko ekhanda lakhe, yangena emnyango, kwesokunxele.
Inhloko yomndeni i-Arone Schwartzman ifile lapho uLeonid eneminyaka engu-13: indoda yangqongqoza imoto. Kwakungo-1934, u-Adolf Hitler wayesevele ethathe indawo esondweni elijikelezayo laseJalimane, futhi isimo saba esingazinzile. Ngakho-ke, uMdali kaCheburazka wathuthela eLeningrad waya kudade, owathatha indawo umama wakhe. Kamuva kwashukumisela kubo noRaheli Solomonovna.
"EMinsk, yena [umama] ngabe ushonile ezinsukwini zokuqala. Iningi lalabo abakwazile ukuhamba noma baphume kulo muzi, basinda, abasele ababulawa eGhetto, "kukhumbula uLeonid Schwarzz.Abesifazane bebengabi ngo-1942, wayengasakwazi ukubekezelela imigomo ye-blockade leningrad.
ULeonid Aronovich wahlolisisa ubuhlakani uLeonid Aronovich kusukela ebuntwaneni. Wapenda konke okwakubona igceke lakhe ne-wasteland, lapho ashushulule khona nabangane. Ngo-1941, abaphindaphindeka bathola iziqu esikoleni esikhungweni sokupenda, isithombe esibaziweyo kanye nokwakhiwa eLeningrad.
NgoMeyi 1941, uLeonid wabiza ibutho, futhi ngokushesha kwabulawa impi enkulu yokuthanda izwe lonke. Ngiyethemba ukubhaliswa kwezempi kanye nehhovisi elibhaliwe ibhizinisi lakhe lalahleka, futhi akudingekile ukuya ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokho, phakathi nempi, uSchwartzman wasebenza esitshalweni sika-chelyabinsk ugandaganda, lapho akhishwa khona phakathi kwabaningi.
Ngo-1945, impilo e-USSR yaphinde yaba nokuthula. U-Leonid wabe esethuthela eMoscow wangena esifundeni saseRussia saseRussia saseRussia saseRussia (VGIK). Phambi kwakhe kwakuyisinqumo sakhe - ukuba ngumculi ekhaya noma e-cinema enezithombe.
"E-MatThink cinema, futhi yenza futhi imidwebo ethokozisayo, kepha kwakhiwa ubuhle bendawo eduze komsebenzi we-proBA. Ngiye kwaya ePartoon. Kuyo, konke kusekelwe ohlelweni olusondele encwadini, futhi ngakuthanda, njengomfanekiso, "kukhumbula uMdali uCheburashka engxoxweni.Ngo-1948, kwathathwa izipho eziphikisayo e "Soyuzmultfilm": Abaphathi benkampani bathandwa kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe wokuthweswa iziqu ku- "Buratino". Kulokhu futhi waqala isikhathi eside, egcwele imibono nezinhlamvu eziqhakazile ngu-Career Leonid Schwarzman.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ku-soyuzmultfilm, uLeonid Aronovich akazange athole kuphela umnikelo kanye nabangane abathembekile, kodwa futhi nowesifazane wakhe kuphela. UTatyana Dombrovskaya ubuye wasebenza nomsizi ophindaphindayo noMqondisi. Ubaba wakhe uVladimir Romanov - isiRussia, nonina waseYanina Franventova DOMBROVSKAYA wasePoland.By endleleni, kuvela emthethweni kamama wekhathuni ngengwenya "ebolekwe" inqwaba yezinwele ezimpunga zowesifazane omdala we-shapoklyak. Kepha isimilo sasingafani ncamashi naye.
"Isalukazi uHlelo Sporklyak yi-antipode ephelele yomkhwekazi wami," kusho uLeonid Aronovich.I-Wedding Schwartzman neDombrovskaya badlalwa ngo-1951, beyaziwa ngengxenye yonyaka.
"Futhi yini okufanele uyidonse, ngoba ngabona ukuthi ngithole indoda yami?" - I-Multishier isimangale ngokweqiniso.Ngobudlelwano, imiphefumulo yabo ngeke iphikisana: Ngo-2021, abaphindaphindayo bayogubha iminyaka yobudala engama-70.
ULeonid Schwarzman ungumlingiswa ozolile, futhi ube ngenye indlela, impilo yakhe uqobo yayingeke imkhawulele ngokushesha nangokuzethemba umshado. Ngempela, ebusheni bakhe, ubuhle obuhle balengiswa. Ngenhlanhla, umculi wakuqonda ngokushesha: Kungcono ukuphila ngokuvumelana nomuntu oyedwa kunokuhlukanisa umphefumulo wakhe kumaphutha amaningi.
Izingane uLeonid Aronovich noTatiana Vladimirovna, Maye, abatholanga. Kepha engxoxweni, lo mphindaphindi wathi izilaleli zakhe zabona njengamadodakazi namadodana, futhi kamuva - njengabazukulu. Ukuxhumana nesizukulwane esisha, ngokuvamile, kwabamba.
Amakhathuni
Ukusuka ngaphansi kwe-feather leonid Schwartzmanna (bese-ke, azange acabange ngemidwebo yekhompyutha futhi adale ikhathuni elivela entombikazi: ipulasitiki, ipulasitiki, amakhadibhodi) ayebonakala nalolu suku. Ukushaywa kwakhe kwe-rust - "imbali ebomvu" (1952) kwi-tale yegama elifanayo uSergey Aksakov. Bese kuba khona "i-antilopa yegolide" (1954), "indlovukazi yeqhwa" (1957), "uMalume Stama - Militizer" (1964) Futhi, umlando weCrocodile Geno nabangane bakhe.
Isithombe sesilwane esingaqondakali sikaCheburashka, othanda amawolintshi, adale i-Edward Uspensky, kodwa kwakunguLeonid Schwartzman owawuphazamisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, umlobi wayenomonakalo omkhulu: kuze kube izinsuku zokugcina zokuphila, walwa namalungelo eCheburashka. Yize ngenxa yokubonga ama-Olimpiki angama-2006, umhlaba wonke uyazi isithombe esidalwe ngokuqondile yi-Multiplier.
"Bengazi ukuthi ukushushumbisa, okungenamsolo u-Ussensky kwagxila kwabaningi. Angikwazanga ukufakazela umbhali weCheburashka. Kepha angizange ngiyidinge nhlobo. Okuhlekisayo nokuhlekisayo ukuthi uCheburashka uqobo wavela. Kusuka ndawo! Yini manje yokusho okuthile ... Ngabe sidinga ukucabanga kwemali kulolo khanyisa? Kepha inkumbulo ezosala ngemuva kwe-US ibalulekile, "uma nje iFilosofi ephawulile uLeonid Aronovich engxoxweni.Ngemuva kwe- "Crocodile of Gene" (1969), "Cheburashka" (1971) kanye ne- "Shaperlyak" (1974) Umculi wadala iningi lezindaba nge-GAV nomngani wakhe - umdlwane webhola, nge-marty, eNephant, Parrot bese uhlukana kusuka ku- "38 Parrots", mayelana nezinkawu ezingaphumeleli nomama wazo. Ngenxa yalokho, isigamu sekhulu, cishe amakhathuni angama-60, amakhathuni amafushane futhi agcwele, esithombeni se-schwartzman. Ngamunye wabo ungumsebenzi wangempela wobuciko, obangela njalo nostalgia.
Leonid Schwartzman manje
Ngo-Agasti 2020, okwaphindaphindeka kwakuneminyaka eyi-100. Ngesikhathi seminyaka eyikhulu leminyaka, uMongameli uVladimir Putin wamhalalisela. Wamsola uLeonid Schwartzmanna "inzalamizi ye-Russian animation School", emsebeni kabani hhayi isizukulwane esisodwa, futhi wafisa impilo enhle. Kepha ngaphandle kwezifiso, umdwebi uzizwa esemncane."Ngisaphapheme, ngikhumbula konke, ngiyakukhumbula," kusho uLeonid Schwarzmm.Gcina ukuba khona komoya kusiza indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, okungenani ukushaja ekuseni. Futhi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, uLeonid Aronovich wayengakwazi futhi amagwala agijime amakhilomitha ambalwa ahambe echibini, nasepaki eliseduze ekuhambeni kwamabhayisekili. Ubuye adle nemifino eminingi eluhlaza, ayikuthandi okumnandi. Futhi-ke, akaphuzi. Yize ngomunye umkhuba okulimazayo, ukubhema, "aboshwe" muva nje - eminyakeni engama-75.
Ngokubambisana nomkakhe uLeonid Schwarzman manje uhlala efulethini elihlala egumbini lokulala e-IzImaimeravovo empumalanga yeMosso. Abasebenzi be-wire bayabasiza. "Eminyakeni yethu, ukusekelwa kwansuku zonke kuyadingeka," amanothi amaningi ama-Multiplier. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uTatyana Dombrovskaya ubuye waba yisibindi eside: NgoSeptemba 2020 kuphenduka iminyaka engama-95. Futhi ngezithombe zomlingani kaSchwartzman, zisabukeka zingane ngamehlo angenangqondo.
Izics
- 1952 - "imbali ebomvu"
- 1954 - "" Igolide Antelope "
- 1957 - "Indlovukazi Yeqhwa"
- 1959 - "Abathumbi Bepende"
- Ngo-1964 - "Umalume unya - miltitizer"
- Ngo-1969 - "I-Crocodile Gena"
- 1971 - "Cheburashka"
- 1976 - "Amaphalishi angama-38"
- Ngo-1976-1982 - "Kitten okuthiwa yi-GAV"
- 1977-1991 - "Amapharothi angama-38"
- 1981 - "I-Hedgehog Plus Turtle"
- 1983-1997 - "Izinkawu"
- 1988 - "UDolling Dragon"
- 1993 - "I-Music Waterville"
- Ngo-2001 - "UTora-Dora Utamatisi"