I-Biograge
Cishe wonke umuntu esikoleni esikoleni wafundwa yinye yezincwadi ezaziwa kakhulu ngempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe "inganekwane yendoda yangempela." Kepha akuyena wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi kulotshwe emicimbini yangempela kanye ne-prototype yomshayeli wezibindi iqhawe leSoviet Union alexey Petrovich MaresseSEV. Ngemuva kokulimala kakhulu, walahlekelwa yimilenze yomibili, kodwa wenqaba ukushiya le ndawo futhi waqhubeka nezindiza zokulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesimo somuntu okhubazekile wangqongqoza cishe izindiza zezitha eziphindwe kabili kunangaphambili.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Alexey Mariseev wazalelwa edolobheni laseKamyshina, esifundeni saseSaratov. Uyise uPeter avdeevich wafa ngesikhathi umfana eneminyaka emithathu kuphela ubudala. Umama Ekaterina Nikitichna kuphela waphakamisa amadodana amathathu - u-Alya nabafowabo abaphezulu uPeter noNicholas. Usebenze ngesicoci esilula efektri esebenza ngokhuni.
Ngemuva kwesikole, uMareSessev waba yiTurner futhi waqala umsebenzi wezabasebenzi esitshalweni esigabeni. Kepha vele ngaleyo minyaka, le nsizwa iphupha izulu. Kabili wafaka amadokhumenti esikoleni sendiza, kepha zombili izikhathi zehluleka kwikhomishini yezokwelapha, ngoba kusukela ebuntwaneni bahlupheka nge-rheumatism. Ngo-1934, u-Alexey uwela endaweni eyaziwayo yokwakha eKomsomolsk-on-Amur. Kwakulapho lapho umshayeli wesikhathi esizayo enza ukuba indiza yakhe yokuqala, njengoba ayebhalisele e-Aero Club yendawo.
Inkonzo ephuthumayo yayiqhutshelwa eShalin futhi yakwazi ukwenza ukuqondiswa kwabashayeli bezempi eChita School, futhi ukusuka lapho kushintshele esikoleni se-batay Aviation School. Ukuba yi-Lieutenant encane, u-Alexey Marise wasebenza kumqeqeshi we-bataysk futhi wafundisa isizukulwane esisha sokuphathwa kwemishini yezindiza.
Impi Nokubuya
Ngokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, u-Alexey Maresyer wahunyushelwa embuthweni osebenzayo. Ukusuka kokuqala kokulwa akwenze endaweni yezimpondo. Ngentwasahlobo yango-1942, kwase kudutshulwe kane kwehla izindiza zezitha. Kepha ngo-Ephreli, kwenzeka umcimbi owenzekile oshintshe impilo yakhe yonke.
Ngo-Ephreli 4, 1942, u-Alexey MareSessev empini ngaphansi kwe-NOVNOROD embozwe amabhomu, kepha waqhakathwa ngumshayeli wendiza waseJalimane. Njengoba sesithole inxeba elinzima, iphoyisa laseSoviet lafika laphoqeleka, njengoba kwenzeka, endaweni yesitha. Cishe amasonto amathathu, insika esontekile yayenza eyakhe. Izinsuku ezingaba ngu-18, kwadliwa kuphela ngamajikijolo, amagxolo esihlahla kanye namaqhubu, atholakala emhlabeni.
IMaresev ikhathele izakhamizi eziseduzane nedolobhana laseValdadada litholakele. Futhi waqala wamukelwa amaJalimane, angazange asizwe ngokushesha. Eseqonda, uSelsan wayithatha le ndoda endlini, kepha kwakungekho muntu wokungenelela ezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 u-Alexey Petrovich ungene esibhedlela, ngaleso sikhathi wayenokutheleleka kwegazi kanye ne-ganregrant eyethusayo yazo zombili izinyawo. Njengoba umshayeli wendiza ekhumbula ngemuva kwalokho, wathunyelwa esibhedlela eqondile ... eMorgue! Kepha endleleni, uMaresevu wamunca uProfessor Terebinsky, owanquma ekusebenzeni kwemilenze.
Lapho u-Alexey eqaphela ukuthi uzophila, ngokushesha waqala ukulungiselela ukubuyela ngaphambili. Yena uqobo wasungula ukuqeqeshwa, okuvumele ukundiza ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu. Ebusika bango-1943, uMareSessev uphinde uchithe uhambo lokulwa njengengxenye yenhlangano yezinsuku zokuqapha. NgoJulayi, umshayeli wendiza wenza i-feat, eshaya ngasikhathi sinye ezimbili zaseJalimane futhi agcine izimpilo zababili babazakwabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, wanikezwa isihloko seqhawe seSoviet Union, kanye nenkazimulo ephathelene nomshayeli we-Piloti onamathele ezweni lonke.
Uqede impi kaMareSesyv njengomhloli, eqondisa amanyuvesi e-Air Force. U-Alexey Petrovich wakwazi ukuthatha uhambo olungu-86 ezimweni zokulwa, lapho amayunithi ayi-11 kochwepheshe bezitha badubule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziyisikhombisa zazo sezivele zindiza ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Naphezu kwenkazimulo ezungeze eyakhe, u-Alexei Maresyev wayehlala ehlala eyindoda enesizotha futhi akazami ukuthi angasebenzisi ukuhlinzekwa kwensiza noma isihloko seqhawe. Okuhlukile ukuphela kwecala elihlotshaniswa nempilo yakhe. Ekomkhulu eliphambili lebutho lomoya ngosuku lokuphela kwempi, wabona intombazane enhle, eyayikujabulela ukuya khona, okokuqala, ukuba nokukhubazeka, noma umzuzwana, noma ngabe wakhululekile.
Ngakho-ke ukuphela kwesikhathi u-Alexey Petrovich asebenzisa ithuba lesikhundla esisemthethweni, kube nesikhalazo emnyangweni wabasebenzi mayelana nesimo somshado sika-Olga Viktorovna, abenze isicelo sokushada ngenyanga.
Baphila impilo ende ejabulisayo. Kwazalwa amadodana amabili emndenini - uVictor no-Alexey. Akekho kubafana ezinyathelweni zikababa akazange ahambe. Indodana endala ibiphupha ngezimoto futhi yaba ngunjiniyela, kanti omncane kunabo bonke kwakuyingane ekhubazekile, ngakho-ke akakwazanga ukuphupha ngezulu.
UMareSesyv wayehlala exhasa ngesimo esihle kakhulu somzimba - wahlanganyela echibini, wagibela ibhayisekili nezikati, wahamba phezu kwe-skis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waze wasonta iVolga, ebeka umlando isikhashana.
Ukushona
Esikhathini sangemva kwempi, impilo kanye ne-Alexei Maresev yambozwa kabanzi emaphephandabeni. UBoris Polev, owayazi mathupha umshayeli wendiza, wabhalwa ngokuthi "inganekwane yangempela" yangempela. " Kepha iqhawe ngokwakhe laliyiNkazimulo engaphezu kwayo. Wazi amagama anjalo:
"Wonke umuntu walwa. Bangaki abantu ekukhanyeni kwabantu abanjalo ababengekho insimu. "Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kokugubha iminyaka engama-85 yeqhawe elidume enkundleni yemidlalo yasemashashalazini yebutho laseRussia, ikhonsathi enikezelwe emfundweni yakhe. Kepha ngehora elilodwa ngaphambi kokuqala komgubho, u-Alexey Petrovich waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, okwakubulala. Ngenxa yalokho, leli holide laguqulwa kusihlwa ngememori, eyaqala ngomzuzu wokuthula.
Ngokukhumbula ngo-Alexei Maresiev ufake izikhumbuzo eziningi, emadolobheni amaningi kukhona imigwaqo egqoke igama lakhe. Futhi akazange adlule ne-cinema. E-USSR, ifilimu "inganekwane yendoda yangempela" yaphuma, indima enkulu lapho uPaul Pavlovnikov adlalwa khona, yize umqondisi ekuqaleni wayefuna ukudubula umshayeli uqobo. Ngo-2005, isithombe esibhalwe phansi "ikusasa lale ndoda" senziwe.