I-Biograge
Romantic, ukucasha emaphusheni, enothando, kodwa ungakwazi ukwenza okuhle. Ngokushesha, osheshayo, amavila aluhlaza. Ukungazi ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani futhi wakhe imvelo yakho, kulula ukuthonya. Ubuntu obuncane, kanye nokuba nesihlalo sobukhosi salombuso, kuhlanganisa nezimpawu eziphikisanayo. Ngokusho kwabezikhathi zasosikhathi kanye nezazi-mlando, i-biography ye-Great Princess Leopoldoldovna ingumfanekiso oqondile.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Anna Leopoldonna, uNee Elizabeth Catarina Kristina, Princess Mecklenburg-Schwenerinskaya, wazalwa emshadweni kaPeter I, i-Ekaterina John noDuke Karl Leopold Mecklenburg-Schwerinsky. Kwenzeka ngo-1718 edolobheni laseJalimane laseRostock. Le ntombazane yabhapathizwa okholweni lwamaProthestani. URodini ku-Princess wayephawuleka: U-Empress waseRussia u-Anna Ioannanna wabhalwa umalume wakhe, emugqeni kababa ezihlotsheni, izikhulu zaseJalimane nezikhulu zazinjalo.
Impilo yomndeni evela kubazali baka-Elizabeth, abantu abanemfundo ehlukene, abashadile baphoqwa, ababambeki, futhi umama wabuya, wamukela umalume omubi uPitrosi. Ofika ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wasusa indodakazi kanina futhi waqala ukukhulisa ubukhosi bakhe baseRussia. Othisha, izinceku kanye nothisha, phakathi kwazo ongumfelokazi ojwayelekile nombhishobhi omkhulu, babizwa ngokuthi ama-Orthodoxy, baba nguNome NKULUNKULU, banikeze igama elithi Anna, eliyaziyo le ndaba.
U-Ana wayengumkhiqizo ojwayelekile we-salon Education. Owesifazane osemusha akazange afeze izinto zombuso, asebenze namadokhumenti akhathele. Angibonanga noma yimuphi umsebenzi, okubandakanya nengqondo, njengokungathi ngindiza emafwini, kodwa ngathukuthela kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho u-Anna Ioannovna wabe eseqala ukubona ku-Anna Leopoldna, ukuphela kwendodana eyodwa kuphela ukuzalwa kwendodana, kuzokhula kuyo indlalifa elifanele.
Ipolitiki
IBhodi lika-Anna Leopoldolvna lalingaphawulwa noma yiziphi izinguquko eziguqukayo ezivumayo, ngokungafani nabanye ababusi bezwe. Esethole amandla, i-Grand Duchess yaholela ekuphileni okungenamsebenzi. Amakilasi owathandayo ahlala efunda amanoveli aseFrance nemidlalo yamakhadi, isikhathi sokudlala nomngane osondelene noJulia Mengden. Kwethula isifiso sokuphatha umbuso asizange isenzo esinqumayo, ngisho nathi maqondana nomncintiswano ophambili - u-Elizabeth Petrovna, owayekhokha maduze.
Umgomo wangaphakathi we-Anna Leopoldonna okhathaze kakhulu inqubo, ezezimali kanye nemboni. Ukuqeda i-Bureaucratic Volokat, lapho ucabanga ngezikhalazo ngomsebenzi weBhodi neSenethi, wasungula isikhundla seRekteMester, okwakuhloswe ukushintsha inqubo yokusebenzisa izikhalazo, iSynod of the Resolution nentando ye Soviet. Ukunakwa kudonswa ekubambezeleni ezimweni zokucatshangelwa, izindlela ezithathwe ukusheshisa zona. Ukuhambisa imali, imali engenayo kanye nezindleko kubuyekezwa, okwedlule kuyancipha.
Emkhakheni wezohwebo kanye nemboni, i-Charter of Bankrupt kanye nemithethonqubo yamafektri anamafu futhi ancibilikisiwe ayashicilelwa. Kufakwe amahora angu-15 okusebenza amahora, imali etholwayo, izibhedlela zabasebenzi zivulekile. Inkosazana yanikela ngeminikelo yokuphana ezindlini zezindela, yaxolelwa ngemuva kwalemva kwayo. Kushicilelwe izinqumo zokulawula amanani okudla kanye nokunikezwa kwamadolobha okungaphazamiseki ezimweni zendlala.
Izinguquko ezithintekayo neziphatha amasistimu. IKhabhinethi yaNgqongqoshe, ibhekwe yiCountre Andrei Osterman, ubani, no-Anna Leopoldonna, waba ngumphathi we-Admiral nangemva kokuwa kwesibalo se-Christopher Miniha egxile emandleni akhe. Imizimba yendawo bekufanele ibikwe njalo kwiKhabhinethi.
Kodwa-ke, hhayi kwangaphakathi, futhi inqubomgomo yangaphandle yayimatasa kakhulu ngomqondo kahulumeni. U-Osterman wathuthukisa imfundiso yokuqala yezempi yaseRussia. Etholakala esimweni sokulwa se-baltic fleet. Izinkontileka zokuhweba ziphothulwe neHolland neNgilandi. Ihlose ukubhekwa kwamaphoyisa kwabezinye izizwe. Izenzo zama-diplomats ziphakamise usongo lwengxabano neTurkey nasePheresiya.
Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, uMbusi wehluleka ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ngokunqoba kweWilmantrade eFinland. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umlingani ka-Ana Leopoldovna ovela e-Austria, ukuhwebelana kweRussia naleli lizwe kwakungathandeki ePrussia, neFrance. Lesi sakamuva sagcina saphoqa iSweden ukuthi imemezele impi yeRussia, eyayiphetha ngemizamo ka-Elizabeth esikhundleni sika-Elizabeth. Kodwa-ke, isivumelwano sezinyusu saseRussia - nokho, esingazange sihlangane namathemba abekelwe kuye.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Anna Ioannovna ubengenazo izingane futhi wasuswa ukuthola umshana wokushada, ukuze axazulule inkinga ngesihlalo sobukhosi. Ukusuka ohlwini lwabazongenela ukhetho, umphakathi waheha inkosana ye-Anton Ulrich Braunschweig-Lüneburg. U-Anna Leopoldovna akazange athole imizwa eqinile ebheke e-Austrian, ngoba yayinothando lokubala uCharles Moritz Linar, okuhle, okuphambene nomyeni okugcwele.
Inkosazana yaboshwa ekhaya, ikhawula ngokumangalisayo noma yikuphi ukuxhumana. Umshado wenzeka ngo-1739, kwathi lapho ezalwa indodana e-Anna, kanye neNdlovukazi, ekugcineni, kwanyatheliswa yi-Manifesto, lapho indlalifa yakhe yobukhosi i-Ifan U-Ivan Antonovich .
Le nsizwa yayidinga umnakekeli, umama wayo wendabuko kule mpilo kangaka acatshangelwa. Phambi kokufa kuka-Anna Ioannovna kwaqoka i-Regent of Erstst Johann Biron. Wangena ngokushesha ukunambitheka kwamandla. UBron wavuma ukuthi athuke u-Anton Ulrich, asongele ubudlova u-Anna Leopoldna. Ekuvikelweni komndeni, ukubala ama-mini kwasukuma, wathatha izinqumo zezepolitiki.
Ukuphathwa kwe-ron kuthukuthele kwabazali bombusi omncane, bekungafanele ukukuphatha kahle egcekeni nasebuthweni lempi, ngakho-ke kuhlala inyanga kuphela. NgoNovemba 1740, iRegent yaboshwa yathunyelwa esixhumanisi esifundazweni saseTobolsk.
NgoJulayi 1741, u-Ana wazala indodakazi uCatherine. Uhulumeni ezinganeni ezalandela wanikeza amagama ajwayelekile.
Opaa
I-Palace Coup yaba yinto ejwayelekile esesikhathini sokwakhiwa kwesimo saseRussia. U-Ana wathola amandla ngendlela efanayo, futhi wamlahlekela. NgoNovemba 25, 1741, izimangaliso zenxusa laseFrance laseShetardi kanye neNxusa laseSweden nolken lalinezithelo - kwakukhona isivumelwano, kwakhiwa esihlalweni sobukhosi u-Elizabeth Petrovna. Umndeni wakwa-Anna Leopoldovna waboshwa futhi wahlose ukuthumela eRiga.
Kepha kamuva, uMbusi ogumbuqela, umyeni wakhe, u-Elizabeth, u-Alexey noPeter bazalwa esikhwameni) besala isikhathi eside baze bahlala endaweni yesifunda sase-Arkhangelsk, eKHLEMOROR.
Amazibulo kaJohane athatha, isikhathi esingaphezu kwamashumi amabili achitha ejele emajele ayimfihlo nakwinqaba yaseShlisselburg, kwathi ngo-1764 wabulawa.
Isiphetho sezingane zonke saba nazo saba nangokudabukisayo: wachitha iminyaka engama-40 ejele kwathi ngama-1780s athunyelwa eDenmark, yize athola izimpesheni zomuntu siqu kuhulumeni waseRussia. Indodakazi kaCatherine ngenxa yokulimala yabuyiselwa engqondweni, kepha yaphila isikhathi eside kunabo bonke. U-Elizabeth ulahlekelwe ngumqondo wakhe ngemuva kokwehlukana nomuntu othandekayo wakhe. UPeter no-Alethei Liberation akazange afeze injabulo, afa, engashiyi inzalo.
Ukushona
Imbangela yokufa kuka-Anna Leopoldonna ngo-1746 kwakungudaka lwabakwaMaternity. I-Empress Elizaveta Petrovna yaphendulwa ngokuqondene nesihlobo esithuthukiswe kahle: Isidumbu sathathwa saya eSt. Petersburg futhi sangcwatshwa ngokuhlonishwa eSontweni laseBlagoveshchensks lase-Alexander Nevsky Lavra.Ukukhumbula
Ukupenda:
- 1746 - "U-Anna Leopoldonna". Louis Karavak
- "U-Anna John no-Anna Leopoldolvna ngohambo" (Umbhali Akaziwa)
- Phakathi kuka-1733 no-1739. - "Princess Anna Leopoldonna". A. Matteyev
- 1736 - "I-Great Princess Anna Leopoldovna". I. Vekhind
- 1741-1746 - "Imidwebo ka-Anna Leopoldna ngengubo yewolintshi." I. Vishnyakov
Into yokufunda
- Ngo-2001 - "Igceke Lamakhosi aseRussia esikhathini sakhe esidlule nawamanje.". E. Volkov
- 2012 - "Anna Leopoldna". I. Kurukin