UJohn Wayne - Photo, Biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, amafilimu

I-Biograge

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990s, i-American Institute of Cinema yanika uJohn Wayne indawo ye-13 yohlu lwezinkanyezi ezinkulu ze-movie zekhulu leminyaka eliphumayo lekhulu leminyaka. ILaureate ka-Oscar kanye ne- "Golden Globe" Commerative ephila ngesikhathi seNkosi yaseNtshonalanga. I-Duke NICKName - ehunyushiwe evela e-English "Duke" - enamathiselwe kuWayne ngaphandle kokumangala. Wazithola ekhona enkampanini yezinkanyezi ezifunwa kakhulu ze-hollywood zesikhathi se-cinema yomsindo futhi zifakwe izinkanyezi emipendweni engu-5-6 ngonyaka.

Ubuntwana nentsha

UMaryon Robert Morrison (igama langempela Wayne) wazalwa entwasahlobo ka-1907 edolobheni laseMelika lesifundazwe laseWinteerset, elise-Iowa. Ngokushesha abazali bashintshe igama lesibili lamazibulo ukuba lihlangane noMitchell, ngoba babize inzalo yesibili kaRobert.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

UJohn Wayne wakhulela emndenini owayengenabo ubuhlobo nobuciko. Abalandeli bokholo lwasePresbyterian, ovele eNyakatho Melika abavela eScotland naseNgilandi, baletha izingane ku-ror. Ubaba, ongumakadebona empini yombango, wafundisa abantwana besibindi noValor, wakhulisa namadoda angempela. Kamuva, lezi zimfanelo duke zifakwe imibala emihle kakhulu ye-movie.

Ebushelweni nasebusheni, inkosi yesikhathi esizayo yeNkosi eseNtshonalanga ayiphumanga ngokukhanya kwama-sophod kanye nokuhlunga. UMarion Morrison wafuna ukuba yi-Bourave "Cat", kepha akakwazanga ukungena e-US Naval Academy. Lapho-ke le nsizwa yashintshela ebholeni layo futhi yaphumelela, yathola isibonelelo esivela kuHulumeni ukuyofunda eNyuvesi yaseNingizimu Carolina. Ukhethe ukuhlonishwa, kepha ngokuzayo akazange asebenze ngokukhethekile ngokuzayo, ngoba wafunda eFactch of iminyaka emi-2 kuphela, kusukela ngo-1925 kuya ku-1927.

Amafilimu

Intshiseko ye-Movie yafika eJohn Wane ngengozi. Kumfundi, wasebenza esiteshini samafilimu esidumile se- "Xx Century Fox" - ekuqaleni, akulungile, okufunwayo kanye no-Cascader. Umfana onombono omuhle wase-Ireland waphawula umqondisi we-novice uJohn Ford. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo kamuva zizombiza ngokuthi yi-Master ekhanyayo eHollywood Enye inkanyezi ekhanyayo - wayne.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ngesikhathi sokuthandana, uJohn wakhala ngeziqephu zemidwebo eminingana, kepha ukubala phansi kwamafilimu womlingisi kwenziwa kusukela ngo-1930, lapho iMebedramatic Raul Walsh "Trail Trail" yeza kwizikrini. Imali ye-novice, naphezu kweqhaza eliphambili, lalingama- $ 75 ngesonto, kepha kuleli filimu liqale i-biography yokudala egqamile yenganekwane ye-American Film Induduzo YaseMelika.

Kamuva, maphakathi nawo-1950s, usayizi wezimali ze-wayne ngemuva kokudutshulwa wakhulela ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-transcendental: "XX Century Fox" yokubamba iqhaza kwifilimu ekhokhelwa ama-Duku Halmillion Dollars.

Ebusheni bakhe, umlingisi wadlala abafana abahlelelekile, abesabi, kepha bathanda ukwethuka ezitheni abakwaziyo ukuthanda, kepha bangavumeli umuzwa wothando ukuthi uhole izenzo futhi ucime ngendlela. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi wathuthuka kancane. Umsebenzi olandelayo kwi-movie waya eWayne ngemuva kweminyaka emi-3 eDrama Alfred Green "Mordashka".

Wabe esedlula eminye iminyaka eyi-6, lapho uFord ekhumbula umlingisi, ememe ukuba adlale iqhawe eliyinhloko leCowboy Saga "Diliden", amaCinomia aqala ukususwa. Ehhovisi lebhokisi laseRussia, izilaleli zabona inguqulo encishisiwe. I-Baby Rino yenziwa nguWayne oneminyaka engu-32 ubudala yaphenduka ebukekayo emangazayo. Lesi yisithombe sokuqala soMqondisi ohlobo lwentshonalanga yeNtshonalanga, lapho ukubhala ngesandla kwekusasa lesikhathi esizayo, esasifanelwe ama-4 oscar Ficcines kuMqondisi.

Ngemuva kokuvela esikrinini futhi nokuthola i-pseudonym enonorous ngenxa ye-Master, uJohn Wayne akasasesha izindima - abaqondisi bathola umculi uqobo. Kepha into esemqoka - UJohn Ford akazange akhohlwe ngaye, ememe inkanyezi kuze kube yilapho wonke amaphrojekthi akhe. Izindlela zabo zokudala zihlangana kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo.

Ngawo-1940s, amafliyimu we-Duke agcwaliswa ngemijikelezo ye-melodrama-miltitant ", kusethi ahlangana nayo neMarlene Diethrich. Ngemuva kwalokho uWayne wadlala abalingiswa abasemqoka entshonalanga yeFord "Fort Apacha", "Ubaba Omkhulu", "Umuntu Othulayo" nabanye.

OLUNYE UVULELE LOKUTHANDA KANYE NOTHANDO LOKUTHANDA KOMPHAKATHI LOKUTHANDA KWAMANDLA NGO-1948, ngemuva kwenduna kaNtshonalanga "Red River". Abathengisi be-Ribbon Howard basiza abalandeli bethalente likaWayne ukuba babone inkanyezi ngesikhathi esisha. UJohn ukhombise umdlalo ocashile wengqondo. Ekusebenzeni kwakhe, iTom Dunsson Migrane iguqulwa kahle kusuka kumnikazi ophelele nogunyazwe ogunyaziwe wepulazi e-Humane.

Abagxeki bavumile ukuthi "umfula obomvu" woDuke "wazidlalela yena. Empilweni, umculi wayengumzila wezwe, ophethe amasiko ezwe. Kamuva, indima yendima kaColonel Kerby embuthweni "ohlaza okotshani", wahlanganisa nomlingiswa okhuthaza impi eVietnam, futhi wathola ukuthandwa okukhulu empini yempi yase-US. UWayne wanamathela emgomweni wokuthi uMotherland ungaphezu kwakho konke.

UJohn wathi: "Ulungile, kepha leli lizwe lami.

Ngo-1956, uJohn Wayne wabeka inkanyezi ngokushesha kumaphrojekthi amabili aqhakazile - "abafuna" abafuna "uDick Powell," onqobayo. Womabili la babe ngabaholi bezilinganiso, kanti ne-Star yaphindeka kabili ibutho labalandeli. Ku-Ribbon yokugcina, izilaleli zafunda umculi emfanekisweni weGenghis Khan.

Ngo-1960, umdwebi walimala njengomphathi nomkhiqizi, azidonsela indima enkulu. Akazange ashintshe uhlobo oluthandekayo: Entshonalanga "Fort Alamo" wadlala umlingiswa wangempela womlando we-davy croquette - isihambi, isikhulu nezepolitiki. I-Wayne's Rechit yaphenduka yaba yimpumelelo. Le filimu yathola abenzi bamafilimu abakhulu beHollywood ngomsindo omuhle kakhulu nomculo kanye neziphakamiso ezi-6 ze-Oscar.

Ngo-1969, umdwebi wamboza igagasi lenkazimulo entsha. Ephakeme ukuthandwa, wazithola emva kwesikhathi esithi "Isibindi Sangempela". I-Western yaletha uWayne Oscar neGolce Globe njengomlingisi ongcono. Imali ye-Star yokudubula ethepheni yayingama- $ 1 million kanye nama-35% wokuqasha. Ngo-2010, abafowethu abaCohen banquma ukukushisa nesikole sefilimu, bakubiza ngokuthi "i-Iron Grip".

Ngo-1976, abalandeli beJohn Wayne babone okuthandayo okokugcina esikrinini. Inkanyezi yadlala indima enkulu entshonalanga noDon Siegela "umonakalo omkhulu", ukugula okubulalayo. Kamuva, "isibhengezo" seqhawe laseNtshonalanga, liwile ezandleni zikaDuke Olukhulu, zathatha uClint Eastwood.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Inkanyezi kaWesternovv yabonga izakhamizi zezifundazwe nabesifazane. I-RADDEN POSTHENE MANE (ukukhula kukaWayne ka-1.93 m ngesisindo sika-104 kg) ngesimfantu esishiwoyo nokubukeka kwesibindi okuthandwa ngabahle. Amahemuhemu ngamanoveli anguDuke noMarlene Diedrich, uJoan Crawford noFlytte Goddar. Impilo yakhe yomuntu siqu yayinodlame futhi yayivame ukuxoxa ngamakhasi ezincwadi eziphuzi, uPaparazzi wahamba ngemuva kwenkanyezi ezithendeni ukwenza isithombe esiyekethisa.Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Kathathu uJohn Wayne wahambela. Abafazi bonke bakukhethile, ubuhle obumnyama obumnyama - wabeletha izingane eziyisikhombisa, ezinhlanu - amadodana. UPatrick Wayne olwa naye owazalela umlingani wokuqala kaDuke Josephine, wangena ezinyathelweni zikayise futhi wakhetha indlela ebambekayo. Futhi indodana kaMike yavuka ekhanda lenkampani kayise ifilimu, yakhipha amateyipu athi "Fort Alamo", "ama-comer mans" kanye "namabhele aluhlaza".

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umlingisi wayenguMason Ovevepeli, Master of Lodge "Morion McDaniel", futhi wafinyelela iziqu ezingama-32 ze-Scottish Charter.

Ukushona

INkosi eNtshonalanga ayizange ibe ehlobo lika-1979. Ushone eLos Angeles Medical Center. Imbangela yokufa yayiyisisu somdlavuza. Isisho esithandayo somlingisi waseHollywood kwakungamazwi:

"Uma uvukile ekuseni, cabanga ngalolu suku ujabule" .Ebbed kusuka ezithombeni ezingama-Getty

Abalaleli bezinkanyezi ezimbili zezinkanyezi ezimbili - Ford noWayne - bagubha iqiniso elithandekayo. Umqondisi kanye ne-Star-Lit Star kutholakele isifo se-Oncological ngasikhathi sinye, maphakathi nawo-1960. Ngo-1973, uMatra Western wayengekho, umlingisi wasinda kuye iminyaka eyisithupha.

Ngosuku lwe-9 ngemuva kokufa kukaJohn Wayne, isikhumulo sezindiza saseCalifornia eSanta-Ana sanikeza igama lenkanyezi. Kokunye kwama-terminals, Isikhumbuzo somculi esithombeni se-Western Hero, okungamangazi akumangalisi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ekwazini kwamaMelika, igama likaWayne lalihlanganiswe naphakade loluhlobo lwe-movie.

Izics

• 1930 - "Umzila Omkhulu"
• Ngo-1939 - "Ukukhuthala"
• 1942 - "Imijikelezo"
• Ngo-1948 - "RED RIVER"
• 1948 - "Fort Apache"
• 1952 - "Umuntu Othulayo"
• 1956 - "Abafuna"
• 1956 - "Umnqobi"
• 1960 - "Fort Alamo"
• 1963 - "Reef Donovan"
• Ngo-1969 - "Isibindi Sokuthola"
• Ngo-1970 - Rio Lobo
• 1972 - "Ama-Cowboys"
• 1976 - "Umonakalo omkhulu"