Biography
Umbhali, umguquleli kunye nemeko yeHenry Böll ebizwa ngokuba nguMbhali waseJamani waseRussia, kuba kungenjalo kwelinye ilizwe, ngaphandle kweJamani, umsebenzi wakhe akazange asebenzise njengaseRussia. Ngomsebenzi wezopolitiko nangokunyaniseka kwemisebenzi, wabizwa ngokuba "yisazela sezizwe". Indoda yaxhasa inkululeko yomoya kuyo yonke indawo, apho wayesemngciphekweni.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-biography yombhali yaqala ngobusika bowe-1917, wazalelwa eCologne, wenyuka kwintsapho enkulu. Abazali bakhe babengamaKatolika, umama wayenezoqoqosho nakubantwana, utata wakhe wasebenza njengegumbi. Iminyaka emine ubudala, inkwenkwana yafunda kwisikolo samaKatolika, emva koko idluliselwe kwi-gimnasium ye-kaizer wililm. Umdla kaHeinrich ngokubhala wawulandelwa sele emntwaneni. Kwiminyaka yokufunda esikolweni, wenza imibongo namabali.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu böll buqu buye bakhulisa ngempumelelo, indoda yadibana nothando lwayo kwiminyaka yobunzima bemfazwe. Ngo-1942 umtshato wakhe wabanjwa noAnna Czech, owazisa iqabane labathathu ngoonyana abathathu - uVincent, noRicanda noRenanda. Kwifoto edibeneyo, usapho luka-Böll lubonakala lonwabile, kucacile ukuba amaqabane otshatileyo alawula uthando nokuqonda.Iincwadi
Umsebenzi wokuqala kaHeinrich awuzange uhambelane noncwadi. Ekuqaleni wayejoyine, emva koko wasebenza kwivenkile yencwadi, emva koko kwivenkile ye-buckinist yayingumfundi womthengisi, emva koko waya kwinkampu yokusebenza yenkonzo yabasebenzi. Emva kokuba lo mntu wayeceba ukuqhubeka efunda eyunivesithi, kodwa wabizwa ngokuba yilali, kwaye emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, waya kulwa eFransi. Wafumana ukwenzakala oku-4, kodwa wasinda. Iinyanga ezimbalwa besikuthinjweni kwamaMelika, kwaye emva kwenkululeko ebuya kwi-cologne yakhe kwaye wangena eyunivesithi, apho waqala ukufunda intanda-bulumko.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyKuba imali yayihlala iswelekile, uHeinrich wasebenza ixesha elithile kwiworkshop katata. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wajika watywina ngo-1947. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, le ndoda yazisa ibali "uloliwe uza ngexesha ', kunye nomnye unyaka iqoqo lamabali. Ke incwadi ethi "Ubuphi, uAdam?" Wavela ezishelfini zeevenkile zoncwadi. Imisebenzi yokuqala kaHeinrich izaliswe zizigqibo ezibalulekileyo kwaye zilula kakhulu. Iinoveli ezininzi zafumana abafundi kunye neempendulo ezigxekayo, nangembali "igusha ezimnyama" wafumana umvuzo.
Ekuqaleni kwi-bibliography yombhali bekukho amabali aneeplani ezingelulamileyo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, imisebenzi yaza yaxhokolwa kwaye ichaphazele iingxaki zentlalo neyezemisiko ezaziboniswa emva kokuphela kwemfazwe. Kuyo, waxelela amava anamava kwaye kuyo yonke imibala echaza ubunyani beminyaka yokuqala yemfazwe eJamani. Ukususela ngo-1967, waqalisa ukundwendwela i-theyilisi, uLeningrad naseMoscow, apho baqokelele ifilimu ye-DOSTOMAN EYENZIWEYO NGE-DOSTOEVSKY NE-STERSBURG.
Ngo-1971, u-Böll wabhala inoveli "umzobo weqela", apho wazama ukudlulisela imbali ebanzi yeJamani inkulungwane yenkulungwane. Emva koko, le ncwadi ichaphazele i-HENRY Dobel, waba ngumbhali wesithathu waseJamani owafumana ibhaso elifanayo emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Kwimisebenzi engaphezulu, umbhali wayedla ngokuchasa inkqubo yezopolitiko yelizwe, ngakumbi, wabhala ngengozi yokubekwa esweni korhulumente kubantu abadala.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyEyona mfuno iphambili, ubuchule bukaBelyl zasetyenziswa ngabafundi baseSoviet, uninzi lwaso yayisisizukulwana semfazwe. Ngexesha kuphela lomsebenzi wokubhala osebenzayo we-heinrich, ngaphezulu kwe-80 imisebenzi yaguqulelwa kwisiRashiya. Ngaphezu kokutyelela iSoviet Union, kwaye ngenxa yeengxelo, le ndoda ibiza ukugxeka iSoviet Regric. Emva koko, incwadi yombhali yayivaliwe e-USSR, emva kokuba isusile zonke iimpapasho ezivela ekupapaweni.
Emva kokugxothwa kuka-Alexander Solzhenitsyn ukusuka kwi-USSR kunye nokukhutshwa kommi ngokuthatha isigqibo nguYuri Andropov, wathunyelwa eJamani. Apho wafumana inkxaso kubantu abahlukeneyo, kuquka no-Böll, owamkela umbhali endlwini, nangaphambi koko wanceda ukuthumela imibhalo yakhe entshonalanga, apho bapapashiwe kamva.
Ukufa
Ngo-1985, uHeinrich wasweleka, wayeneminyaka engama-67 ubudala. Kwenzekile phantsi kweBonn, umbhali wahlala kunyana wakhe. Unobangela wokufa wawungachazwanga. Amanani opolitiki aphambili kunye noogxa bababhali bafika kumngcwabo we-böll.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1949 - "Uloliwe UYA KUPHELA"
- Ngo-1950- "Umhambi, uya kuza xa kwi-SPA ..."
- Ngo-1951 - "Uphi, Adam?"
- Ngo-1952 - "Ayisiyiyo iKrisimesi kuphela"
- Ngo-1955 - "isonka seminyaka yokuqala"
- Ngo-1958 - "Ukuthula koGqr. Murke"
- Ngo-1962 - "Xa Imfazwe iphelelwe"
- Ngo-1963 - "Amehlo kaCouuney"
- Ngo-1971 - "I-Protorait yeQela elinenekazi"
- Ngo-1974 - "imbeko elahlekileyo yeCatharina Blum, okanye uvuka njani ubundlobongela kwaye yintoni enokukhokelela"
- Ngo-1979 - "Ukungqingwa okucingelwayo"
- Ngo-1981 - "umfanekiso, uBonn, Bonne"