Biography
Ekupheleni kobusika obungama-2020, lonke ilizwe elikhanyisayo lanika i-Oscar Kokoshka: NgoFebruwari, sele idlule kwiminyaka engama-40 ukusukela ekufeni komculi obalaseleyo. Ngesi sizathu, kungenxa yento yokuba unyaka wabhengezwa unyaka noncwadi loncwadi lwe-Austrian kunye nethiyetha yaseRussia, itempile yeKalincrad ye-Melreeva ilungiselelwe abaphulaphuli bobomi bakhe, ezaziveliswa nguRegina Sattarov.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ngomhla woku-1 kaMatshi 1886, umgcini weKokoska, owayehlala ePoyHharna, wayekuvuyela ukuba ngumntwana wesibini - intombi yomntwana wase-Grand Maria wanika umyeni wakhe uGustaki, ongubani iqhubekile ingqukuva ye-generic, unyana kaOscar (owokuqala wafa kubuntwana). UBerta noBogislav bavela kamva kwihlabathi.
Ngenxa yemivuzo engazinzanga, intloko yentsapho kwafuneka ihambe kwindawo ngeendawo, yonke into yayimka ukusuka kwiziko ledolophu. Ngenxa yoko, ibali laphela ngokubhengeza indoda kwaye ifudukela eVienna. Kodwa, ngaphandle komthwalo wobomi bokuqala kunye nomxholo ongaphezulu wezalamane, umzobi wakuthathela ingqalelo ebuntwaneni wonwabile, kwaye uBawo - umntu omnike iincwadi eziyimfuneko kwimfundo yamabanga aphantsi.
Ngexesha umda wexesha, inkwenkwana yaqalisa ukuya kwisikolo sokwenyani, apho kugxininiswa khona kusetyenziswa izinto zanamhlanje (kubandakanya chemistry). Kodwa ukufundisisa kwabo kwakunomdla omncinci kwi-Oscar, ngakumbi kubuchule bokuyila. Nje ukuba imizobo yakhe iphawule omnye ootitshala kwaye wamcebisa ukuba aye esikolweni nobugcisa. UMNYANGO WOKUGQIBELA WAYEYIPHI IXESHA LABAFUNDI LABASEBENZI OLUFUMANELEKILEYO UKUFUNDA KWEGustav Klimt neKarl Otto Czech.
Ukunceda i-gooteges enetalente, gcwalisa isandla kumfanekiso wobuso bomntu kwaye ufumane isitayile sakho esikhethekileyo, ootitshala bathumela umfana ongumfana "kwi-Vienimen Secussies", apho wayenendawo yokudala amakhadi nemifanekiso.
Ngo-1908, uMsunguli wale mihla, owabhala esithi "Ukuqabula" kunye "Ukubulawa", "kwenzeni umsebenzi kaKokoshan, etalente enkulu phakathi kwezizukulwana ezincinci", kunye nezakhe. Ukuze ube noluntu, wanyula umbongo wakhe we-autobinegraphical "Ukuphupha kwabafana", ngenxa yentabalala ye-Erodic, eyabangela ukuba umqaqambe kunye nombhali onesiko elivela kwiZiko leMfundo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1912, u-Oscar waqhelana kwaye wathandana no-Alma Marles, ojika iintloko ezininzi ezikhanyayo: UGustav Klimm watshata ebutsheni bakhe, kwaye uGustav Malener wayetshatile, uWalter Gropius noFrapius kunye noFrapius.Kubomi bobuqu kunye nomculi, wonke umntu wenzekile, kodwa ngenxa yoko, umonde wobuhle obubulalayo womile, xa indoda ekwakukutyhila isibhedlele, yabonisa eluntwini. Emva kokuhluka, wadala omnye weyona misebenzi ilungileyo-"mtshakazi womoya".
Embindini we-30s, ePrague, uKokoska wadibana nenkosikazi yexesha elizayo yePalkiski - ibhinqa elaphuma laya kurhweba i-cookie, ngandlela nxamnye nezandla ezibalaseleyo kude.
Indalo
Umboniso wokuqala wokuqala (nangona kunjalo, izityholo kunye nezixhobo ze-Oscar zazinokwanela i-Oscar) zinike umntu obaziyo i-Ascarct Adolf Lozo, eyazisa kwihlabathi le-Aven-Garde.
Ngexesha lokususela ngo-1909 ukuya ku-1914, i-Poistist yadala imifanekiso eninzi ("ukuzonwabisa", "uHans Titz noEric Titze-Propet"), waza wabhala ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwenkululeko epheleleyo. Enye into eyahlukileyo yepeyinti ye-cocrosky - iimvakalelo, ibonakaliswe ngezandla, umzimba obekwe kwijika lesine-neyesine, imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nemvelaphi engasemva.
Ngo-1910, i-porraitist yafudukela eBerlin, apho yayilinde i-rappin kunye ne-vasily kadininsky, "ukukhuthaza" kwinqanaba leHlabathi Kader valder valden. Imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala ayizange ityhutyha umculi kunye nomculi: Ukhulisa izikhuselo ze-Austrian Cavalry (ngaphambi kokuba uthumele ngaphambili, kupapashwe ngohlobo lweposikhadi), kodwa emva konyaka Wafumana ukwenzakala okunzima kunye nokususwa kwinkonzo.
Ngexesha le-20s, iKokoska yayingunjingalwazi weDresden Academy yoBugcisa obuLungileyo, ehamba kakhulu eYurophu, iAsia, North Afrika, ukudala imimandla. Emva kokuba siye emandleni eeNazi, inkosi ibalekele ePrague, apho eLondon, apho i-benito, khona uBenolf, uAdolf Hitler nabalandeli babo, babezama ukumelana neepeyinti zakhe.
Ukufa
Ekupheleni kobomi bakhe obutyebileyo, inkosi ye-Epacge ikwazile ukusebenza umbhali kunye nomfundisi, kunye nendawo, kwaye umyili-umyili, umboniso wehlabathi jikelele kunye nokukhokela ukuqokelelwa kwemisebenzi yoncwadi kunye nokukhokela imigaqo-nkqubo yemisebenzi yoncwadi. Kwibusika yowe-1980, ngoFebruwari 22, kwi-Swiss Montreux yophumeleleyo kwiPremiyamu ye-Eraster2. Ukufa kufikile ngenxa yezizathu zendalo: UKokska wasweleka ngeminyaka engama-93.Ukupeyinta
- Ngo-1909 - "Hans Titz kunye ne-Eric Ticece Conrat"
- I-1911 - "i-antition"
- Ngo-1913 - "Alma Maller no-Oscar Kokoshka"
- Ngo-1913 - "I-Premitrait"
- Ngo-1913-1914 - "Umtshakazi womoya"
- Ngo-1915 - "I-knight ye-knight (i-port-portrait)"
- Ngo-1922 - "Abantwana Ababini"
- Ngo-1929 - "mfazi kunye nomntwana"
- Ngo-1929 - "Jonga nge-Constantinople"
- Ngo-1934 - "Uhlobo lwePrague"
- Ngo-1937 - "I-Protitrait (Umzobisi ongafunekiyo)"
- Ngo-1941 - "Nnschlus: UAlice kwi-Mattand yaseHougo"
- Ngo-1941 - "iqanda elibomvu"
- Ngo-1945 - "U-Kristu unceda abantwana Abalambileyo"
- Ngo-1971 - "Nkosi, ixesha liphuma"