Ngokuchasene nempikiswano yokupheka, kwiminyaka engama-200 eyadlulayo, iinqanawa zaseRussia zaphumla amanqaku kumhlaba ongaziwayo wasemazantsi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eMelika, bazama ukuva ubuhlakani baseRussia, kodwa iziphoso zeecowili zelizwekazi ezibandayo zihlala zihleli kubemi beli lizwe. Malunga nendlela imbali yomgaqo wokuvula iAntarctica eyayivela kuyo, kwi-ndawonyemba yoHlelo lwe-24cm.
Ekuqaleni beku ...
Ngo-1502, uAmerigo Vespecki kuphela oqikelela ubukho bendawo enkulu engaqondakaliyo. UJames upheke nge-1775 ufike emanzini aseAntarctic kwaye wajika, othusayo, kwaye uluntu lwachaza ukuba akunakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuba kube lula ukubhukuda, ilizwekazi lingabikho.
Nangona kunjalo, ubukho bePadunov, okanye i-icebergs, yangqina unxweme. Ukuqikelelwa malunga nobukho bomhlaba kumazantsi asezantsi aqinisekisile i-mingail lomonosov.
Jonga emazantsi
Umbono wohambo lwaseRussia waxhaswa ngu-Emperor Alexander I. Isikhundla senkosi samiselwa i-bellingshausen. I-Mikhail Lazarev yamenywa ukuba ilawule inqanawa yesibini.
Iiprojekthi zeenjineli zaseRussia, zaguqulwa ezimbini ezimbini. Iinkosi zazomeleza ityala lokuba kuya kufuneka udibane ngumkhenkce.
Abahambisi bezingayi kuphinda imbali yokupheka kwaye babe sisidlo sakwa-Aboriginal ", ngoko ngokulandelelana kuka-Alexander endikwinqanawa yayiyinto elayishwayo.
Masibethe indlela
Nge-16 kaJulayi, nge-1819, kwii-East kunye neMirny Sluts, ii-naviguatres phantsi kobunkokeli beFaddey Bellinshausen ziye endleleni. I-StoTION yayinzima ngumahluko kwiimpawu zezikhephe. "USHURY" wahlengahlengiswa kumanzi alali, kodwa wacotha, kwaye "empuma" ngamandla amava kumanzi omkhenkce. Abasebenzi babefuna ukwenza imizamo yokumelana nokubonana. Ngendlela yenxalenye yenqanawa, babengathandeki.I-BellinsHausen icinyiwe isohlwayo se-geseral kwi-geters kwiqela. Ngexesha lohambo, isikhangiso siphulukene nabantu abathathu kuphela: oomatiloshe ababini bawamanzi, kwaye omnye wabulawa sisifo.
Kumnyango wokufunyanwa
Kwakungekho uqhagamshelo nabahambi. Umphathi wanika igunya igunya lokukhetha indlela kwaye usete imisebenzi yabasebenzi. UBellinsHausen waya kudibana nezitulo, ukuqhubela phambili phakathi komkhenkce kunye ne-icebergs. KuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, iqela lalishiywe ngaphandle kweseyile kwaye lasinda kwisaqhwithi, apho wayehlala enamatye amakhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, ngoJanuwari 28, 1820, amaNavigig abona amafu amdaka, kwaye emva koko kwacaca ukuba le yayingumkhenkce. Iziqithi zomkhenkce, zaphuka kwilizwekazi, zibonisa ukuba ingca ifikelele kwithagethi. I-Antarctica yathetha ukuphakama komkhenkce.
Iinqanawa zahamba ecaleni komkhenkce, ukuvula iziqithi ezitsha. Omnye wonxweme obizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba ka-Alexander I. UKWENZA IMIHLA YOKUGQIBELA I-751.
Siphikisana nantoni na, manene?
Kude kube phakathi kwe-XX yenkulungwane ye-XX, kubuntshatsheli be-Navigges yaseRussia bengathandabuzi. Yonke into itshintshile xa idipozithi yefossis ifumaneka kwiAntarctica. Intsomi ivele malunga nokuvulwa komzingeli wasekhaya kwi-Nataniel Palmer yaselwandle, eyabona inxalenye ye-Grey Greyima yomhlaba ngoNovemba 1820.
Nangona kunjalo, ibango alisingafanelekanga. Imisebenzi yohambo lwaseRussia iquka ukufunyanwa komhlaba, okuqinisekiswe ngawo imizobo yomculi uPavel Mikhailov, kwaye iintlobo ze-American Hunter zisekelwa kuphela kwiimvakalelo zomntu.
Amagama amaqhawe abhalwa kwi-ice
Namhlanje, ilizwe eliphambili libhengeziwe kumhlaba ongathathi cala apho uphando luvumele khona uphando lwesayensi. 2020th eRussia yabhengeza unyaka weAntarctica. Isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-200 yokuvulwa kwe-Mainland iya kubanjwa yiminyhadala.
Malunga nokuba kwenzeka njani, inokubonwa kwifilimu yo-192 ye-1972. Inkumbulo ye-subles yenqanawa yaseRussia iya kuhlala kwizizukulwana.