Biography
Encver Kapja - umlawuli wexesha elide weAlbania, odlulise indlela ukusuka kuguquko kuTirana. Inzala yedini le-distor ayinakuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi ipolitiki enamaxabiso amaninzi okanye imbi okanye imbi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
E-Enver wazalwa ngo-1908 kwintsapho yaseBektashi - abalandeli be-oda yeSfi, ngokudibanisa i-Islam ngezinto zobuKristu. I-Malaya mama theaya uKhoji sisixeko saseGyrocara, apho abantu abangamawaka angama-30 bahlala khona.
Utata wakhe wathengiswa amatye athengiweyo, malunga nenqanaba lobomi bosapho, unokugweba indlu enamacala amathathu, iminyaka emithathu neyelutsha idlulisele ipolisi, kwaye inyani yokuba lo mfo akakhawulezi ukuba akhule kwaye enze imali ngokuzimeleyo. Ngehlobo le-1930, umfana oselula waphumelela kwiLinya kwisixeko sase-Albania waseKorki kwaye wangena kwiDyunivesithi yaseFrantpellier. NjengoJoseph Stalin, ulutsha lweHody lwabhala ngemibongo.
E-France, i-Enver yadibana nenkokeli yamaKomanisi e-Maurice Torez, ababhali bakaHori barbus kunye noLouis Aragon. KwiYunivesithi yokuqala, ndagxothwa, ngokutsho kwe-Albaniorgraphy yaseAlbania, ngokuzibophelela kwemibono yobuKomanisi, kunye nembono yabachasi, kodwa i-Gulia kunye ne-Albania yangena kwiYunivesithi yesibini.
I-Enver yangena kwisiFrentshi, kwaye kwiqela lamaKomanisi baseBelgian, amanqaku apapashiweyo kwi "Yumat", apho i-stalin "iqaqadekile kwaye iphosa i-trotskyists kunye ne-bukharinsky. Emva kokubuyela kwekhaya likaHody, wakhwela iseli yobuKomanisi kwinkunkuma.
Ngo-1938, iAlbania Bolshevik yayifunda kwikomkhulu le-USSR ngenye kumaziko amabini - uMarxism-leninism kunye neelwimi zasemzini. Inyanga emva kokuba ifikile eMoscow, enver yadibana nenkokeli yazo zonke izizwe.
Ubomi Buqu
Nditsho nabachasi bakaKhoji abayakhanyela ukuba i-Enver yayinembonakalo yemodeli. Phezulu, enoncumo oluhle, kwaye ebutsheni, ukugweba ngefoto, kwaye i-chapel enkulu, inkokeli yahamba nendoda enemizekelo.Ndikunye nenkosikazi yexesha elizayo, i-nead enver ifezekisile, isenokuba yiGuerrilla. Intombazana yayinegama lesidlaliso. Abantu abanengqondo efanayo badlala umtshato ngosuku lokuqala luka-1945. Abathathu abantwana bazalelwa kwisibini, intombi yomphetho noonyana kunye ne-falcon.
I-EN-ZHGA, istraktistrist ephambili ye-Albania, ikhokelwe ukusukela ngo-1966 kwiZiko leSizwe leMaxxism-lenin kunye nesikolo seqela. Emva kokufa kuka-Enver, inkosikazi yakhe yawela eOpa, emva koko wachitha iminyaka emi-5 kwintolongo yamabhinqa amaTirana.
Ngokwemithombo yohlelo loRhwebo, ukunqongophala kwenguqulo ye-Enver Karena Umtshato awungebi kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokuziphatha esebenzayo yenkokeli yaseAlbania, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ezopolitiko zathanda amagosa aselula. I-dabitor, eyakhileyo eyayiseziimoto eziphelileyo, yaya kumakhulu amathandathu "Mercedes", kunye nebhotwe lakhe - igumbi lakhe.
Ezopolitiko
Emva kokuhlala kweAlbania, imikhosi yase-Italiya ye-Hody yentloko yentloko. Kwivenkile yecuba, ebekwe eTiran kwaye i-HoJ, yadlula iqokelelwa kwamaKomanisi.
IAlbania sele ilo kuphela ilizwe laseYurophu eliqhuba amaFasi aqhuba amaFasi ngaphandle kokuqaliswa kwemikhosi ye-anti-hitler umanyano. U-Khoja wayekho kwiParade yeMoscow yoloyiso.
ISoviet Union yathatha inxaxheba ekukhuliseni kwezomziselo eAlbania, ukwakhiwa kweendlela, iifektri, izibhedlele nakwizikolo. Nceda ilizwe elinekratshi lekratshi likwabonelela ngeYugoslavia. Nangona kunjalo, imeko ekhokelwa nguTito yi-Iplar Brozom, ecwangciswe ukuya e-Asbania.
Ngo-1947, uEnve wayekhokele kwiqela leqela kwaye waba yintloko yeqela lamaKomanisi lelizwe lakhe. Imeko yokuqala leyo iphakanyiswe ngayo iAlbania yayinguYugoslavia.
I-gap kunye neSoviet Union emva kokufika kukaNikita KHrushchev ifikile emandleni, eyabangela ukuba i-u-Khoja kungafunwa njenge-antistinism kunye neendlela zokuziphindezela ezingachanekanga kuTiran. I-Nikita Sergeeevich yatsho ukuba iimpuku zeSoviet zitya izibonelelo ngakumbi kunabantu baseAlbania. "Khrushchevets" yaba sisiqalekiso esisemthethweni eAlbania.
Abantu baseAlbania, awayefunda eSoviet Union phantsi kweStalin yeza e-Opali. Abafazi babo baseSoviet kunye nabafazi baqukumbela eAlbania entolongweni. Ukubanjwa nokubulawa kwabantu kwakuxhaphakile kwi-Koji State. Iimpikiswano zabekwa wonke umntu ongumhlali wesithathu waseAlbania. Ngokomzekelo weStalin Khoja ecwangciswe ukucoca. Kwinkxwaleko kaRhulumente, e-Enver watyholwa kwanawona mlingane uzayo, emkhosini womzabalazo wecandelo le-mehmet shehu.
I-Khoja ikwazile abemi ukuba zezakhe iimoto kunye neepiyano, zinxibe i-jean, mamela ityeni nejazz. IAlbania kuphela kwelizwe elikwihlabathi apho nayiphi na inkolo inqatshelwe ngokusemthethweni.
Ukongeza kwi-khoja kunye neStalin, i-Balkan State i-Standerberbeg - iqhawe lenkululeko yesizwe ingumzabalazo oboyikayo. I-biography ka-Albania owayehlala kwi-XV yenkulungwane yenkulungwane, kwiminyaka yokusebenzisana neSoviet Union, wayesekwe kwifilimu apho kugwetywa nguYuri yakovvlev.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wodwa owakhokelela ekwakhiweni kwabaguli eAlbania. Isakhiwo esinye esikhuselayo sibabaleke sabahlanu baseAlbania.
Kwangelo xesha, abantu baseAlbania bakhule ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya kwisiqingatha sabantu abazizigidi ezintathu, kunye namanqanaba olwazi lokufunda nokusuka kwi-5% ukuya kwi-98%. Ngo-1960, i-Enver yengeniso yengeniso yengeniso. Ukuba ummi waseAlbania wasweleka, usapho lwafumana intlawulo kwinani lomvuzo wonyaka okanye ipenshoni yomntu ofileyo.
Ukufa
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje yobomi, i-enver ihlupheke uthotho lweemicrois kunye ne micronipharit. Imeko enesifo seswekile ekhulelweyo, eyabanjwa nguHogzha kwasebutsheni. Ngo-1983, uEnver wayemkile kwimicimbi. IAlbania yaqalisa ukukhokela umntu ongena mpumelelo kwi-Khoji quariz alia.Ezopolitiko zalawula ilizwe elihlwempuzekileyo likaJoseph Stalin, uNikita Khrushchev, u-Leonid Brezhnev, wasweleka xa i-mikhachev yayiyinkokeli ye-USSR. Unobangela wokusweleka kukaDikytor nge-11 ka-Epreli, ngo-1985 yayinguHemorthage engqondweni.
Kumsitho wokuvaleka, ubunkokheli baseAlbania benza kuphela ukudluliselwa kwamagama kumazwe agcina ukuzinikela kuMarxism - i-lenin. Ingcwaba likaKhoji lalikwindawo yeSikhumbuzo lamagorha esizwe kwiTirana (umngcwabo wenzeka ngo-Okthobha 1985). Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1992, umzimba we-Enver waxhuma kwaye wamohlwaya kumangcwaba esidlangalaleni kwi-albanian capital capital capital capital.
Imemori
Intombi kaDistor, kunye nomyeni wakhe, iColanech isebe ize iMyuziyam ye-Enven Khoji eTirana, ebizwa ngokuba yiMausoleum. Ngexesha lemfazwe kwiiBalkan kwisakhiwo esifana nekomkhulu le-piramidi, i-Nako ikwiikomkhulu. Ngoku isakhiwo sisetyenziswa njengeholo yemiboniso. Inxalenye yesakhiwo inikezelwa kwiZiko leTV, icandelo likhutshiwe. Isikhumbuzo kwi-enver Randerbeg Square eTirana, sadilizwa ngo-1991.
Kumsebenzi we-LaureAte ye-Berechovskaya yelizwe laseBhoji Ismail Cadar "Farewell SEP" Inkokeli yenkokeli yaseAlbania ichongwa nguSathana. Okubangela umdla kukuba, ngexesha lolawulo luka-Enver kwanguMbhali ofanayo wabiza iAlbania eyi-Albanian "Gcina ubusika" inoveli, ifihlakele ngo-1979, ebizwa ngokuba "buso ngobuso".
I-Khoja ikhankanywe kwimisebenzi yaseGeorge Amanda "Ukubhukuda konxweme" kunye neVasily Aksenova "ISiqithi saseCrimea". Ngo-2010, umshicileli we-Almo Algorithm wakhupha incwadi ye-enver "Khrushchev Valala iStalin kabini."
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1976 - "Khrushchevvtsy"
- Ngo-1977 - "APT kumlo wokuhlaselwa kweKhrushchev"
- Ngo-1979 - "I-Imperizism kunye nenguquko"
- Ngo-1979 - "Ukucamngca EChina"
- Ngo-1982 - "kuncwadi kunye nobugcisa"
- Ngo-1983 - "Titovtsy. Amanqaku embali "
- Ngo-1984 - "Ukucingisisa kwi-Middle East. Ngo-1958-1983. Kwidayari yezobupolitika "