Biography
Abaphathi be-Vilem bangumkhweli waseDatshi kunye nomphandi othathe inxaxheba kwi-Arctic kwaye iprojektha 3 ihamba ecaleni kolwandle lweArctic. Ngoku ifoto yesahluko ipapashwe kwiJografi kunye neencwadi zeMbali.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Malunga ne-biography ye-vielgraphy abathengisi ngaphandle kwendawo ayifani. Kucingelwa ukuba wazalwa malunga ne-1550, kwaye ilizwe lenkwenkwe laba sisiqithi saseFrisian. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba utata wakhe ungumlingani olula.
Sele kubudala obuqolileyo, uViellem wafudukela eAmsterdam, apho wahlala khona kuqeqesho kumsebenzi wokuhamba kunye nendibano yekhathuni. Uhambo lakhe lokuqala lwenzeka kwinkampani yomcebisi. Bebonke batyelele i-Itali neSpain, enza i-Atlas yoLwandle lweMeditera. Olu hambo lwazisa iiDiploma zeDiploma I-Navigator.
Ubomi Buqu
Umhambi onesibindi nenenjongo villem waphila ngokunxanelwa. I-biography yayo ayigutyungelwanga ngokupheleleyo, ke abaphandi banamhlanje abanakubonelela ngolwazi olupheleleyo olupheleleyo malunga nayo. Besichithachithe ubomi bophando kwaye benza igalelo elikhulu kufundo lwaseNyakatho, lwalugxilwe kwisayensi.Ukuhamba kunye nophando
Ngo-1594, ucwangciso luqalisile uhambo lophando, ukujonga indawo yaseMantla e-North ukuya eChina. Uhambo lwathatha iinqanawa ezi-4, ezazilawulwa nguBrand Eysplment, Viillem ba abaphathi bahle. Indlela yabaphandi abalele ngeenxa zonke kwiPeninsula yaseScandinavia. ElesiDatshi lalikwiPeninasi yaseKola kwaye yadlula kumantla omhlaba omtsha. Abahambi bafumana i-Wilhelm Island, waqala wabona ibhere. Ngokucacileyo ukuya empuma, bazifumana kumantla e-Aripelago kwaye bafumanisa i-cape ebizwa ngokuba yi-ice enkulu.
Ukufumana iqela leziqithi, abaphathi babanika igama elingu-orenji bezukisa umphathi weNetherlands. Apha abaphandi baqhelene ne-walrus. AmaDatshi watyelelwa yi-Bay yesiqithi esemazantsi kwaye wavula i-bay, ephawuliweyo kwiimephu ezibizwa ngokuba mnyama. Ukususela ngoko, i-Atlas ivele malunga neCape kaMgubo.
Ukufika kwelesiqithi saseVaigach, abahambi badlula ibhola yaseUgra baza bazifumana kwilizwe jikelele. Indlela yokubuyela bahlala kwi-Shed kwi-Muheron Cape. Ngoku ubizwa ngokuba yi-Deacon Cape. Endleleni ebuyayo, abahambisi batyelele esi siqithi saseMelika, wafumana uMatveeev, iHalto kunye nesona siqithi size sagqiba uhambo.
I-hike yesibini yabanjwa ngo-1595th kwaye yayingumgangatho omkhulu. Iinqanawa ezininzi ziye kumhlaba omtsha naseVagach, kodwa indlela enzima yayikukuba nzima ngenxa yobusika obunzima. Amalungu athile abasebenzi abhubhile ngexesha lohambo. Ukudlula empuma, abahambi babekulolwandle lwaseKara. Ukuphosa i-Anchor kwi-State, iidonki apho ngenxa yeqabaka elinamandla kunye neqhwa, liphazamisa ukuhamba kweenqanawa. Uhambo lwalumkisiwe njengokuqhekeka, kwaye nabaxhasi ebusweni babathengisi abazange baxhase injongo elandelayo. I-Navibigle ixhobise izitya ezi-2 ngokusekwe kwimbuyekezo kwiBhunga leSixeko ukuba liphumelele.
Ngo-1596, kwenziwe iphulo lesithathu leevali. Kweso siqithi, esibizwa ngokuba ligama lebhere, oomatiloshe bahlaselwa zizilwanyana zasendle, batyelela uSvalbard, becinga ukuba babekwiGreenland, emva koko barhalela emkhengeni. Isiqingatha sehlobo basichitha kwisiqithi esemantla, saza sadlula esiya kulumkelo umnqweno, kodwa indlela esebenzisa ulwandle yaseKara yavalwa ngumkhenkce. Iimbongi zaphinda zaya eVagach, apho inqanawa yayihlala khona ngonaphakade emkhenkceni. Abaphandi bafikile elunxwemeni. Kwakufuneka bakhe indlu ebusika. Kwakukho okokuqala kwimbali yophando engacwangciswanga ebusika.
Ukufa
Sakha izikhephe ezirhabaxa, amaDatshi, otyhutyha emkhenkceni, wayelungiselela ukuhamba ekhaya. Badlula kwizibuko ezingena e-kola. Uhambo lolwandle olwenziwe ukusuka kwi-1596 ukuya kwi-1597, yaba ngowokugqibela kwii-Bilem. Wayengafumani ndlela yangasentla eAsia. Nge-20 kaJuni, 1597, umphandi wafa. Unobangela wokufa uye waba yi-qiing. Umzimba wakhe wahliswa emanzini olwandle eqiniipelago ye-archipelago emhlabeni.Izinto ezifunyenwe
I-Willoma Bareya ingumnikazi wokufunyanwa kweSiqithi seTeta kunye ne-spitsberena. Wenza iimephu zokuqala ezichaza umhlaba omtsha. Ngo-1853, ulwandlekazi lwaselwandle luthiywa ligama. Umphandi wayefunda umhlaba waseFranz Joseph Joseph, izibuko laseBirensburg. Waba ngumnini werekhodi, edlula emantla ee-baters kunye ne-arctic bass. Ndiyambulela, ubude be-aripelago basungulwa. I-Vileum yakhokelela kwidayari, eyaba ngamanqaku okuqala meteorolos eRussia. Igama lakhe sisiqithi esikwi-Svalbard Archipelago, isixeko kunye neziqithi zonxweme olusentshona loMhlaba oMtsha.