Biography
Umculi wesiNgesi uJoshua Reynolds wayengumfanekiso obalaseleyo weXviii, owaziwa njengomqokeleli wamaxesha athile kunye nethiyoli yobugcisa obuhle. Njengelungu leLondon Royal South Society kunye noMongameli wezobuGcisa, ngendlela eyinyani anokudlulisela iimvakalelo aze abonakalise yonke imbonakalo yomntu onyanisekileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UJoshua Reynolds wazalelwa ePlympton nge-16 kaJulayi, 1723, kwaye ibuntwaneni yakhe yayiqhutywa lusapho lwesiNgesi esingqongqo. Utata, i-SAYS. Utitshala weGym kunye nonyana wakhe kunye nodadewabo kunye nabantakwabo kwiingcinga ezenziwe eluntwini, hayi ubugcisa okanye isayensi.
Phezu kwako nje uluvo lomzali ofundileyo, abanye babantwana babethanda ubuchule, kwaye intombi enkulu intombi kaMariry Palmer yayibhalele ngokubhala. Uxhase izifundo zikaJoshua kwimali yomsebenzi woncwadi kwaye wathumela inkwenkwe kwi-porraitist, igama lakhe yayinguThomas hudson.
Ukongeza kuphuhliso lwemizobo kunye nokupeyinta, umculi wexesha elizayo wayenomdla kwintanda-bulumko kwaye ethanda ukuthetha noZharya Dhem, owayesandul 'umbingeleli kunye nomhlobo wosapho. Enkosi rhoqo, umculi wexesha elizayo wafunda ngoPtrator kwaye wadibana nezigcoba kwimisebenzi ye-leonardo da vincci.
Ngo-1749, utata wakhe wakhululwa uReonnolds e-Itali, apho wayeyinandipha imifanekiso kaTita, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeMichelangelo nezinye iinkosi ezinkulu. Ukubuyela eNgilani owakhiwa ngumbhali, umfana omncinci waqalisa ukubandakanyeka kwimiboniso kwaye kungekudala kwaba yi-London Portoraists.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukugweba ngeefoto zefolda yokuziqhelanisa noReynolds yayiyindoda edumileyo, kodwa kumabhinqa ahlala naye ngobulumko abuqhekeka. Umculi wayehlala kwilifa lakhe kwingeniso evela kuMongameli kunye nokupeyinta kwaye wayehlala echitha ixesha eluntwini lwabahlobo kunye namatshana.Ukupeyinta
Ababhali-mbali bacinga reynolds ngeSikolo saseBrodonchal Britane yePhakamisa isiNgesi - isitayile soqobo wesitayile sokuqala, esenza ukuba kubekho ileta. Umculi ulawulwa emsebenzini wakhe ukudibanisa iimpawu eziphambi koshicilelo odumileyo - I-Cooredzho, iTiti, i-raphael kunye ne-remmrandt.
Kwakumlungele yena ukuya kwimifanekiso, eqatshelwe ngokufana novakalelo, kunye nokwakhiwa kwesisa komntu kunye nomzobo ocacileyo wabantu. Imisebenzi ephambili yale ndawo inamandla, inkoloseko, i-meyisise meyey ngohlobo lweGebha nomfanekiso weSaran Pissions.
I-phelelo lembali likaJoshua lanika imisebenzi yakhe kuhlobo oluphambili, kuba ukwakhiwa kwabonakala kudalwe, kubonakaliswa ngokwenyani kunye neempawu. Kodwa phakathi kwabo ngamanye amaxesha bavela ngokunene nemisebenzi ebalaseleyo, njenge "Amur Virture engafakwanga", "i-abbus ye-abbrestracy" kunye "nemizobo yeentloko zabantwana".
Ngelishwa, kwinani leelaphu ezibhaliweyo ngexesha lebhayili yebhayiloji, ipeyinti eqhekekileyo kwaye ikhutshiwe, iphulukana nombala kunye nombala. Oku kunxulunyaniswa novavanyo olwenziweyo rhoqo umculi, ukuxovula imibala ye-oyile, kodwa kwimibimbi evela kwizinto ezingaziwayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimiboniso yoluntu ebanjwe embindini weXviii, iipeyinti zazisenziwa kuzo zonke izinto zobungangamela kwaye zatsala amakhulu abantu. Kodwa bambalwa abantu ababesazi ukuba izixhobo kunye neengubo zapeyintwa ngabancedisi be-Master, kwaye, ukuba, ukuba balondoloze ixesha, badale iintloko zabalinganiswa.
Akuzange kunciphise iimfanelo zomdwebi, umntu owayefudula ewonke, kunye nomsunguli weklabhu ye-Aristous, eyabizwa ngokuba nguYehova. Iquka ababhali, abezopolitiko, abadlali kunye nabaxhasi kunye nentanda-bulumko: UJiuseppe, uSamuweli Johnson, uDavid Jarrik noJameri Kiswell.
Ngo-1768, emva kokusekwa kwe-Royal Anchemu yeZiko lobuGcisa, uReynolds waba nguMongameli waza wafumana imeko ye-knight kunye nendoda. Ixesha elide, wahlala entlokweni yoMbutho wamagcisa e-Great Britain kwaye wajoyina iLondon Society yase-Amaters ukuze ufunde amabhodlo e-Antique.
Ngelishwa, ezi zicwangciso zazingamiselwanga ukuza kuthi, kuba uYoshuwa wayeneengxaki zempilo kwaye kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi baphulukana neliso elinye. Wayefuna ukushiya i-Ofisi kaMongameli, kodwa oogxa bakho bacenga ukuba baphembelele kubuchule bomculi kunye nomsebenzi woluntu.
Ukufa
Ngo-1789, ubumfama basiphule uMoya kaJoshua, kwaye, wanyanzeleka ukuba ayeke umsebenzi, ahlupheke emzimbeni nomphefumlo. Emva kwexesha elithile, ithumba lavela, elifuna utyando, kwaye ogqirha bavakalisa ukrokrela ukuba isifo yayisisifo.Emva koko, ukusinda kwiqela legazi, ekugqibeleni iReynolds ekugqibeleni yawa ebomini kwaye, ngaphandle kokukhathalelwa ngumtshana, yayeka ukusela. NgoFebruwari 23, 1792, wafa ngokuzolileyo kwindlu yaseLondon. Abantu abasondeleyo babengazi ukuba kwakukufa kwakukufa.
Ukupeyinta
- I-1760- "Ukuziphulaphuli"
- I-1760- "I-PORTRAIT YOMBINI"
- 1763-1764 - "I-Kitty Fisher ngeParrot"
- 1770-1780 - "Idysy Elizabeth Delme kunye nabantwana bayo"
- 1777 - "Miss Sara Campbell"
- 1778 - "ne-Lady Carolina Howard"
- I-1780 - "Anna, Vikontessa, Idolophu yaseMarquis"
- 1782 - "Inenekazi Francis Finch"
- 1783 - "Sarah midsies ngomfanekiso wentlekele yomculo"
- 1786 - "hercules yosana, iinyoka eziqaqambileyo"
- 1787 - "Inenekazi Skipvich"
- 1788 - "I-AMUR I-UNIRDS BOTL"