Biography
I-Ilya Erena Erenburg yimbongi yaseSoviet kunye nombhali, uluntu kunye noguquleli, into yoluntu, owenziwayo wayo wazalwa ngexesha elinzima kwilizwe elinzima. Wabona inguquko, iimfazwe zokuqala nezesibini zehlabathi, zazinokufuduswa, kodwa zahlala zithembekile kwilizwe lakhe lokuzalwa.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Eenburg wazalwa ngoJanuwari 14, 1891 kwintsapho yenjineli kunye nabafazi basekhaya. Umama wenkwenkwe wayezinikele kakhulu kwaye athandaza rhoqo. Uchithe impelaveki kwinkampani yabantu abathandanayo kwaye wayengonwabanga emtshatweni. Utata ka-EHrenburg wayeyindoda evuthayo, owayeyinto yobunjineli kwaye wayenembonakalo kabukhali.
U-Ilya ubuntwana udlule kwilizwe lakhe, eKiev, kwaye ngo-1895, kunye nosapho lwakhe wafudukela eMoscow. Utata wamisela umlawuli we-chamovni. Unyana wanikwa ukuba ufunde kwimoscow yokuqala yeMoscow. Kwakukho intlanganiso kunye ne-lvom telstoy, ubuhlobo kunye neNikolai Bokarin kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kumbutho ophantsi komhlaba. Abo bambanjwa balandelayo babanjwa, kodwa abazali bakwazile ukwenza idipozithi phambi kwenkundla. Kuyinyani, i-Iyoa ayizange ivele kuye, ke ngoko ngo-1908 iphinde yathandana.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1910, umtshato we-EHrenburg wagqitywa nomguquleli uCatherine Schmidt. Kunyaka kamva, umfazi wamnika intombi ka-Irina. Uye wakhulela, waba ngumguquleli waseFrench kwaye watshata. Iqabane lika-Irina lafa, kwaye liphazamise umfazi, uEhurenburg wazisa ngaphambili intombazana inombala, owaqalisa ukuhlala kwintsapho yabo. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umbhali wombhali kunye nomguquleli wahlukana ngo-1913, uEhurenburg usoloko exhasa ubudlelwane nentombi yakhe.Iqabane lesibini loluntu ngo-1919 yayingudade onguMlawuli woMlawuli Kotintseva Uthando. Wayengumculi kwaye wenza umbhali wonwabile ebomini bakhe. Abantwana emtshatweni khange bavele.
Indalo
Ukubaleka eParis, uEhrenburg waqhelana nabameli bobugcisa nenkcubeko, i-vladimir lenin, ukutyelelwa kwakhe. Ngokuthe ngcembe, i-Iyosa yasuka kwipolitiki yaza yaqala ukubhala imibongo. Ngo-1911, wapapasha ingqokelela yakhe ye-tempk "ndihlala", kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-3, enye-". Wazama ukuba ngumshicileli, osisiseko elithi "Helios" emva koko "emva koko" emva koko ". I-Alhorship ye-Ilya EhrenBurg inencwadi ethi "amantombazana, azigalela bona." Ipapashwe kwimithombo yeendaba, umbhali wachasa i-bolsheviks.
Kwimfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, umbhali wasebenza njengembalelwano yomkhosi. Wayibona yonke into eyenzekayo kwiFranco-yaseJamani. Ngo-1917, uEhurenburg wabuyela eRussia, apho wafumana umsebenzi kwiCandelo loKhuseleko lweNtlalontle kwaye waba ngumqeshwa wabaphathi be-theatrical kunye nokukhethwa kwemfundo yangaphambi kwesikolo. Umbhali kwakungekho lula ukufumanisa imicimbi yezopolitiko, ngoko ngo-1921 wemka eFrance emva koko eBelgium. Enye iminyaka emi-3 ngu-EHrenburg wachitha eBerlin.
Ekufudukeni, umbhali ukhuphe iinoveli "amaqela angaqhelekanga kaJulio Gurenito kunye nabafundi bakhe", "Lyuban Zhanna". Izincoko malunga noluntu zibonwe ngaphambili ezibandakanyiwe kwincwadi ethi "I-LIK iMfazwe". Waba ngumbhali wenoveli kunye namanqaku abugcisa. Ngokutsho komfanekiso obhaliweyo, imbali yakhe njengombhali waqala ngo-1958, kunye nokuphuma nokukhanya komsebenzi kaJulio Khurenito. Esi sincoko yinkqubo yokucinga malunga nexeshana kunye nemibongo. Kuyo, umbhali uchaza iYurophu naseRussia ngexesha ledabi kunye novukelo.
Ngo-1923, i-Ilya Erenburg yaba yingxelo yendlu ye-Izvesta. I-jarnuonal yakhe italente yazixabisa kakhulu njengesixhobo soSoviet Propaganda phesheya. Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1930s, umbhali wabuyela eRussia kwaye waya kwilizwe lakhe, etyelela iSiberia nakwi-Urals. Ngeli xesha, i-pamflet "isonka esingxamisekileyo" kunye nencwadi ethi "IParis yam", edityanisiweyo yetekisi kunye neefoto zadalwa. Le misebenzi ilandelayo yayiyingqokelela yamabali "Ngaphandle kweTruce", Ingqokelela yembongi "yokunyaniseka", inoveli ".
Ngo-1941, umbhali waya eParis kwaye wasebenza kakhulu kumatshini wokuthamba, wayengqokelela ye "Star", wabhala i-ofisi yoshicilelo kunye neSoviet. Ngo-1942, umbhali wangena kwikomiti ye-anti-swist kwaye ebandakanyeka ekugubungele imisebenzi yedini elinyukayo.
Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe, umbhali ugcwalise i-Bibliography imisebenzi ye "Storm" kunye "ne-shaft yesithoba". Kwincwadi ethi "Isaqhwithi" ifumene ibhaso le-stalinist yesidanga sokuqala. Ngo-1954, bapapasha ibali "thaw", kwaye ngeminyaka yoo-1960 abantu, abantu, ubomi "baya kumshicileli. Zonke iincwadi ezisi-7 ezenze umsebenzi wokugqibela wapapashwa ngo-1990.
Ukufa
I-Ilya Ehrenburg wasweleka nge-31 ka-1967. Unobangela wokufa yayingulwando lwemfihlakalo ngenxa yesifo eside. Ababhali bangcwatyelwa eMoscow kumangcwaba e-novodevichy. Ilifa lakhe lenza ifoto, imisebenzi yoncwadi, ukongeza, ifilimu yobume befilimu "Ubomi benja" bakhululwa, badutyulwa ngo-2005.I-Bibliography
- 1911 - "Ndiphila"
- Ngo-1914 - "Imibongo"
- Ngo-1920 - "Imfazwe"
- Ngo-1922 - "amaqela angaqhelekanga kaJulio Khurenito"
- Ngo-1923 - "Iityhubhu ezilishumi elinantathu"
- Ngo-1924 - "thanda iZhanna yakhe"
- Ngo-1928 - "Ubomi besaqhwithi seLasika Ritsshintanza"
- Ngo-1933 - "Isonka sethu sedolophu"
- Ngo-1933 - "IParis yam"
- Ngo-1937 - "ukuphuma kwi-truce"
- Ngo-1937 - "OKUFUNEKA WAMNTU"
- Ngo-1942 - "phosa iParis"
- Ngo-1942-1944 - "Imfazwe"
- Ngo-1947 - "Uqhwithi"
- Ngo-1950- "nge-shaft yesithoba"
- Ngo-1954 - "thaw"