Biography
UMax Arnnst, obenobumi baseFrance neJamani, yayingummeli okhokelayo we-Avan ovayo nge-1930-19440s. Ukusebenza kwisitayile sosulelo, umzobi wanika irhafu kwiDiadasm kunye novavanyo olunezinto ezahlukeneyo kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye neekhola.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Max Ernst wazalwa ngo-Apreli-2, 1891 kwi Bruel usapho ngumfundisi yamaKatolika esasisebenza nabantwana-kwaye kunye ne-usuku abengevayo----. Umama wayengumfazi wendlu kwaye wajonga inzala abaninzi, bezama ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana basuka nabantwana abafundileyo nabafundileyo.
Intsapho yayizoba, kuba umzali wayengumculi we-Amateur, ehlala enesibindi kunye nendalo. Inkwenkwe enomnqweno othe waqwalaselwa iintyatyambo, umlambo kunye nemithi, kwaye imisebenzi yakhe yakuqala yabamba abanye abantwana njengomzekelo.
Ngo-1897, amantshontsho amancinci aye esikolweni kwaye waba nomdla kwintanda-bulumko, wayibalakelela kwezinye iSayensi. Wafunda isivumelwano se-max stinner enkulu, kwaye kanye kwaye safunda ngonaphakade ukuba iziganeko eziphambili zehlabathi zenzeka ngesiquphe ngequbuliso.
Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokuzalwa ngenxa yoku, ukuzalwa koodade baka-Apollonia nasekufeni kweparati yentanda, eye yenzeka ngosuku olunye. Inkosi yexesha elizayo igqibe kwelokuba umntwana uthathe ubomi bentaka, kwaye waziva ixesha lokuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Ngo-1909, uMax wafumana i-Scholarship kwiYunivesithi yaseBonn kwaye wakhetha i-psychology yengqondo egula ngengqondo. Wafunda ngobuchule kunye nemisebenzi yabo yobugcisa kunye nezinto eziqokeleleneyo, eziya kwanela iincwadi ezimbalwa zesayensi.
Njengomfundi, ukuba ngabahlobo abanabameli abaninzi - uHeinrich Kampeoncocom, Fohann Fin, uJohann Kulendan kunye no-Agastis Mac. Augus Mac. Kwi-autobiograficoy kwathiwa ukuba yayikweli bomhlaba oqhubekayo wagqiba kwelokuba abe ngumculi kwaye ecinga ngomboniso wobuqu.
Ukukhumbula izifundo zikayise, imizobo ekhutshiwe ka-Erst kunye ne-caricares kunye nokuphucula ubuchule, ityelele intetho yobugcisa bobugcisa. Emva koko wathumela inani lemisebenzi ephumelelayo kwigalari yeBonn kwaye yaqala ukulindela impendulo, izaliswe ziimvakalelo ezoyikisayo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngexesha lemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, uArst wavuka eLiza uStraus, owazala unyana uJimmy, emva koko wafaka uqhawulo-mtshato. Emva kolwalamano olufutshane nomculi kunye nombhali we-Leonor, uCarrington Max watshata iMelika ethengise ingqokelela yomsebenzi wakhe.I-Peggy Guggenheim ixhasa iinkosi kwaye ilawule imicimbi yakhe, yokucwangcisa imibutho yabaninzi kunye nabahlobo. Kodwa lo mtshato wawa emva kwentlanganiso kunye ne-Dorothea Tanning, owenza umzobi wonwabile kwiintsuku ezinde.
Ukupeyinta
Emva kokuyila kwangoko kumiselwa kumabinzana, kwasekwa kubuchule bakhe kwaye kwinto yokuba ukhethe uhlobo olululo. Kodwa imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala inyanzelekile ukuba iye kumkhosi waseJamani kwaye ivuthwele i-troll kunye nenkohliso kwiinkosi ezizayo.
Ngo-1919, uErsts wadilizwa kwinqanaba le-herutenant, wafika eCologne, waba nomdla kwi-Avar-Jardi yeGada yeDada. Izityholo ezinxulunyaniswa nogonyamelo olothusayo zibambe umfana, kwaye wagqiba kwelokuba azame amandla akhe ngendlela eqhubekayo yekhola.
Phantsi kwegama lentsomi ye-Dadiamax Ernst, i-Baser exhume i-BOTAR yefoto kwaye yaneliseka imiboniso engaqhelekanga, eyayiquka imisebenzi egula ngengqondo. Ngenxa yoku, kukho ixambulenaba abazali abangalukanga ukuze bavele ekhaya, kwaye banomdla kubuchule obuhamba ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona kunjalo, umzobi wakwazi ukuqhelana nebala le-French-French ye-Eloire kunye neGala-imodeli ye-El Salvador Dali. Ubhale umfanekiso ongxamisekileyo obizwa ngokuba ngu "Elephant chaes" emva koko wathetha ngosizi ukuba yayizintsuku ezimnandi.
Ngeminyaka yee-1920, bafudukela eParis kwiPasi yePasi loNcedo, uErest, ophefumlelwe ngabantu osebenza nabo, wadala inani elibalaseleyo. Ngelishwa, ukuze kuvavanye "intlanganiso yabahlobo" kunye "ne-SaddDenza", abagwebi nababhali-mbali abangathathi kunyaka.
UMax akakaze ashiye imizamo yokufumana ubutyebi kwaye abe ngumadumo, ukwenzela ubuchwephesha obutsha, njengokubhabha kunye ne-boutout. Wakhupha imveliso yeqonga kwaye wabhala iinoveli zegrafu, kwaye waba ngumbhali wohlobo lwe-neascent, obizwa ngokuba yiNoves-Colge.
Ngo-1931, ithamsanqa incumile ngumculi, kwaye umsebenzi wakhe waqeshiswa ngomboniso wobuqu eUnited States. Kwaye emva koko ngomsebenzi we-Erst, eli xesha lineziqhamo lagqitywa, apho italente yomthendeleko kunye nomfuziselo wawubonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Ngomhla we-52H yomhla wokuzalwa wama-52, uMax wabhala umfanekiso wokomfuziselo owahlulahlulwe waba ngamacandelo kwaye wayenamalungu angama-52. Emva koko, wadala iskrolisi 'Capricorn "kunye" nomlisi ", owaba yindawo yokuphila ephilayo yeyona nto inomdla.
Ukufa
Nge-1 ka-Epreli ngo-1976, umculi oneminyaka engama-84 wasweleka, oonobangela bokufa babengachazwanga kwisicelo sezihlobo nabahlobo. Emva komngcwabo kumabala aseParisian Amangcwaba, inzala yomsebenzi we-Ernst ukhule kaninzi, waba ligorha lamaxwebhu, imisebenzi yamagcisa kunye namanqaku.Ukupeyinta
- Ngo-1916 - "Iitora"
- Ngo-1919 - "I-Trophy, i-hypertrophoted"
- Ngo-1920 - Dada-Gegen
- Ngo-1921 - "Ukuvelisa i-Bone Glue"
- Ngo-1921 - "i-Kebhali"
- Ngo-1922 - "Intlanganiso yabahlobo"
- Ngo-1922 - "Ukhula ngaphakathi"
- Ngo-1923 - "I-Peail okanye i-geails okanye i-gelsolly ebusuku"
- Ngo-1937 - "Varvara"
- Ngo-1944 - "OCO TULWE"
- Ngo-1945 - "ukuhenda kukaSt. Anthony"
- Ngo-1969 - "Ukuzalwa kweGalari"