Biography
I-Romanian ipolitiki ye-romanian i-Nicolae Cheresokhwe ibambe isikhundla esiphezulu kwitheko nakurhulumente kwaye yayingumongameli weRiphabhlikhi yezeNtlalontle kwi-70s. Umsebenzi wayo wakhokelela kutshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya nowangaphandle kwaye wazisa ilizwe laseYurophu njengabahlobo kunye neentshaba.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-biography nikolae Ceaumsri baqala kwilali encinci yaseRomania ukuba baphindwe kabini kusapho lomlinganiso olihlwempu, onyuselweyo. Wazalwa ngoJanuwari 1918, inkwenkwana yaba ngumntwana wesithathu kunina owawukhululayo ukuba inzala ikwazi ukuba umhla wakhe mncinci.
Utata wayengenamdla wokunyusa wasebenza emhlabeni wakhe, equka iyelenqe lelizwe, apho iphi igusha yeshumi elinambini. Uye wabandakanyeka kwishishini lokulinganisa - waphinda wavuselela iimpahla ezindala, kodwa ngokunxulumene nosapho oluziphethe kakuhle.
Ngaphandle kwentlungu, ukusukela kwiminyaka eli-7 ubudala, unyana ka-peastant ufundile kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi kwaye wafumana inani lesayensi. Emva koko, wabhala ukuba iminyaka yangaphambili, eyayiqhutywa kuluntu lwabazali zadityaniswa nengcinezelo, eyazisa iitreyini ezininzi.
Ngeminyaka eli-11 ubudala, uCeasusescu wafudukela kwindlu kadade eBucharest kwaye wazinza ukuze asebenze kunye nomfundi kwisityalo. Emva koko wafunda kwi-Alexander Sandaker ye-Alexander Sandonzer, eyazisa uthotho olupheleleyo lweengxaki kunye nobunzima obutsha kubomi bomntu okwishumi elivisayo.
Ukuba kwindawo engekho mthethweni, umcebisi wezopolitiko aqhotyoshelweyo kwaye wathetha ngeqela lamaKomanisi laseRomania, olwalukaphiko loluntu. Utsalele umfana ukuba athathe inxaxheba ngentshukumo yokusebenza engekho mthethweni, ngenxa yokona phakathi kwe-1933 kwezopolitiko ezazikwixesha elizayo wayesentolongweni.
Kwangelo xesha, uCeausescu waba lilungu leMbutho ka-KSM, ebhalwe eBucharest, kwaye waya kwi-mbinis abameli beendawo ezahlukeneyo zeenkonzo. Ubandakanyeke kwi-propaganda yokuphononongwa, ephindaphindiweyo ukubanjwa, kwaye kwiindawo zokukhonza isigwebo esifunyenwe ngabantu kunye nabahlobo.
Ezona meko zinzima zazikhona entolongweni ngenxa yamabanjwa ezopolitiko, ezazibizwa ngokuba "Romania Bersia" kwaye zazisondele emigodini. Apho, intshabalalo eselula yaqhelana ne-kIV ene-adgePart kunye neGeorge Georgiu, eyathi kamva yathatha inxaxheba kulo msebenzi wamacandelo orhulumente akhokelayo.
Abagcini beewadi abazange bakhule kwaye batshutshiswe ngenkohlakalo yabo, banikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubantu abashumayela kwintlalo-ntle. Ngenxa yoko, uCeaulscals waqala ukubetha, kodwa akazange achaphazele umsebenzi wexesha elizayo, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, anyanzeliswa, anyanzelwe ukuba uManyano kunye neMarxis kunye namandla aphindwe kabini.
Emva kwenkululeko, uNicolaye wenza ii-odolo ezibalulekileyo, ehambahamba ezixekweni. Ngo-1936, waba lilungu eliqhelekileyo lepati, kwaye ukusuka kwalo mzuzu indlela yaqala kwezona ntengo ziphakamileyo kunye nezikhundla.
Ebutsheni, umlawuli wexesha elizayo iRomania yabangela umdla wamapolisa oyimfihlo, awayekholelwa ukuba wayenomhleli we-Agitist no-Anti-Fascist. Ukuqwalaselwa ngokusisigxina kwacwangciswa, nto leyo engazange ibangele ubunzima, kuba ubude obuyi-165 cm, i-raccu yayinkulu kwaye ithwaxwa.
Ukugweba ngeefoto, wahlulahlula kubunzima boogxa noogxa bakhe kunye nabantu abanengqondo efanayo nabangabamelwane abasisigxina kwiibhasi, iinkampu zoxinaniso. Kulapho ukuba amaNicholas achithe uninzi lobomi bakhe, kude kube ngurhulumente kaJona, uAntonescu, warhoxa, amaxhoba okuwa.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu base Mongameli waseRomania, ngokwahlukileyo kwezopolitiko, uzinzile. Unxibelelwano Elena Ceausesgram yayingumfazi wakhe osemthethweni. Esi sibini sinabantwana ababeqhele ukungcamla, izinto ezikhohlisayo kunye nokutofotofo kwaye kude kube ngo-1989 kunokuqhayisa ngekamva labo.Ezopolitiko
Ngo-1944, ekukhanyeni kwentsebenziswano neSoviet Union, iqela lamaKomanisi laseRomania laphuma ngaphandle komhlaba. UCeaumscu, njengomntu osebenzayo, waba ngunobhala wombutho wolutsha, emva koko wafumana indawo kurhulumente omtsha waza waqalisa ukomeleza igunya.
Inkqubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwileli ye-ledler yenzekile kubuhlobo neGeorgiu-Dejeme, eyayisa inkulu yeRomania ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1950. Ngenxa yale nkosi yenqanaba eliphezulu, uNicola wafezekiswa ne-leonid Brezhnev, kwaye ngethamsanqa lakhe lesiRomani basayinwa isivumelwano esidumileyo saseWarsaw.
Emva kokusweleka konobhala wokuqala weqela, i-chessku, engazange athathe inxaxheba kumzabalazo wesihlalo, njengomnye umntu owafumana le posi. Ukhuphiswano noKiva Rack bathabatha indawo kasihlalo weBhunga likaRhulumente kunye noMlawuli oyena mlawuli waseRomania waphakamisa ukukhula kwamakhondo omsebenzi.
Ngehlobo lowe-1965, kwiCongress yentlangano ehlaziyiweyo yamaKomanisi, inkokeli yabo yathatha inyathelo ukuze uluntu luxhase urhulumente kuwo onke amacala. Enkosi kule nto, waba zezopolitiko ezigunyazisiweyo kwaye kwaye emva kwexesha nje elincinci wakhwela urhulumente kunye namandla ahlanganisiweyo ezandleni zakhe.
Kwiposi yonobhala weqela lamaKomanisi laseRomania, uNicolae ngokucocekileyo waphelisa abachasi kwaye watshintsha umgaqo okhoyo. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1970, wasusa i-kivu racks kwaye, ukuba ngumphathi omkhulu, afumana uluhlu olubanzi lwamalungelo.
Ngo-1974, ngo-1974, ngoEva woMgaqo-siseko ohlaziyiweyo, uCeausesca wavakalisa ngumongameli welizwe laseYurophu. Uyenze iBhunga likaRhulumente kunye norhulumente ekuthetheni abathenjisiweyo nabanamava kwaye enethemba lokuba kude kube sekupheleni kobomi ababeyinyani kuye.
Emva koko kwaqala ukumiselwa komgaqo-nkqubo oneminyaka eli-15 kuphela ubudala, kwaye njengenxalenye yotshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi, inani leenguqu eziqhubekayo zabanjwa. Imibutho ekhethekileyo yenziwa, eqinisekisa ukuba iimozulu zezinto ezihlambelele, kwaye abemi abanomdla kwezopolitiko baqalisa ukuba nexhala ngekhaya labo.
Ukuthembela kumava e-DPRK kunye neChina, uMongameli Romania uye waba nguzwi elifuna ulawulo lwemfundo, inkcubeko kunye nemithombo yeendaba. Wayesoloko ephuma ekukhupheleni kwamasu kunye noqhawulo-mtshato, ukunqanda ukuthengiswa kwezinto zokuthintela abantu, kwaye wabela umxholo we-heroine kamama kubantwana abalishumi.
Kwimigaqo-nkqubo yangaphandle, ubudlelwane obutofotofo obekiweyo kunye neSoviet Union, ithintele ukwakhiwa kweziseko kwintsimi yayo kwaye igwebe igalelo lamajoni a-Afghanistan. Wabhenela kwintshona, etyelele iRiphabhlikhi yaseJamani kunye ne-United States yaseMelika, kwaye igcinwe ubudlelwane bozakuzo neChile, apho uTiran weza emandleni.
Kwelinye icala, lalinefuthe eliyingenelo kuqoqosho lwaseRomania, okwethutyana njelunga nelizwe leshishini. Kwaye kwelinye icala, ukuphuculwa komzi-mveliso kukhokelele ekuphenduleni kwezigcino zeoyile, kunye nokukhutshwa kweemveliso ngamakhadi avuke i-folk yamaza.
Ngo-1977, uNicola wabanjwa olunye uhlaziyo oluye lwarhoxisa iintlawulo zokukhubazeka kunye nexesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Oku kukhokelele kwiRiotss ubunzima kunye neengxelo malunga nokwaphula amalungelo oluntu, kodwa amapolisa amfihlakeleyo ahlanganisene nemeko kwaye ahlutha iireyithi kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Kuphela kusemva kweshumi leminyaka, abemi baseRomania bafumana amandla okuphakama ukuya kumlo wokulwa nomlo kwaye bayibhukuqa kuzo zonke izithuba. UCeaumscu kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uElena, obambe isikhundla esiphakamileyo kurhulumente, wabanjwa kwaye wawela kwimiqolo yezopolitiko.
Ukufa
Emva kwetyala, eligwetyelwe amanye amanqaku ekhowudi yolwaphulo-mthetho, ukubulawa kwabantu kwathiwa kuphela isohlwayo somntu onenkosikazi yakhe. UMongameli uyaliwe ukubhena ngokuchasene nesigqibo, engawathobelanga amandla enkosi, kwaye kuyo yonke le nkqubo ibonakalise ukungathandi.
Nge-25 kaDisemba, ngo-1989, unobangela wokufa uNicolae no-Elena baba yi-carridges ye-cartids ekhutshwe kwimipu yejoni leshumi elinanye. Izidumbu, kunye nerekhodi lenkqubo, zaziboniswa kwisakhelo sefilimu yeTV, kwaye uMbutho wabulala uTirana njengenyani.