Biography
UGeorges Mel Mesh ngumphathi waseFransi, omnye wabasunguli bohlobo oluthandekayo kwi-cinema. Enkosi kuye, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezahluko zivele, apho ixesha elide zasetyenziswa ngabalandeli.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UMarie-Georges-Jean Mel Mel wazalwa ngoDisemba 8, 1861. Usapho lwaluhlala eParis, utata wenkwenkwe wayenomzi-mveliso wesihlangu. Ishishini liyachuma, kwaye kucingelwa ukuba uGeorge wayeya kuthabatha inxaxheba kusapho. Emva kokuba efumene imfundo ephezulu, waba ngumqeshwa weCandelo lezobugcisa lomzi-mveliso we-meltes. Kodwa umfana wathanda ukubandakanyeka ekudalweni kwecaricature, utyelelo kwiiholo zomculo kunye ne-operetta.
UGeorges uphuphele ukuba ubophe ibhayiloji yakhe ngomsebenzi womculi, kodwa utata wakhe wayekholelwa ukuba umsebenzi onjalo awuyi kuba yinzuzo. Ke ngoko, iimboniselo zakudala zathumela unyana ukuba ifundele iLondon ukuba ifunde isiNgesi. Kwikomkhulu laseBritane, uGeorges wafumanisa ukuba abantu abaziikhitha bade bade bade baqhelene nenkohliso. Wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe kunye ne-arsenal yekhadi eligxile kwi-gxile kwiziganeko ezidolophini.
Ukuya ngokuchasene nentando yoNyana akunamsebenzi. Utata uyemkele kwaye uyixhase imali yokufunyanwa kwethiyetha ye-White Pree "Robert udan". Emva kokuba umsunguli wakhe washiya indawo, iholo yethiyetha laqhubeka, kodwa uGeorge wakwazi ukubuyisela ishishini. Izinto azenzayo zifunyenwe apha. Intuthakalo yenziwa imizobo yendawo entle, yabhala imeko kwaye yasebenza ngendlela egxile kwi-Azenzekelayo.
Kwiikhonsathi eziqokelelwa kwimizobo emihle, uMel Mel wabonisa amanani abafundi ekhethekileyo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwabadlali abaliqela ngaxeshanye. Kwixa elizayo, iziganeko zathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ye-Opera.
Ngo-1895, iinyibiba zabona ifilimu yokuqala yabazalwana base-LUmiere kwaye waphefumlela umbono we-cinema.
Ubomi Buqu
Ixesha lemfazwe lasemva kwemfazwe alizange lenze i-volons yethuba lokuvuselela. Kangangexesha elithile, umlawuli wasebenza njengomhlolili kwi-Stuttgart Theatre, emva koko kwabakho umthengisi weethoyi zeMontParnasse. Waxhaswa ngumlingane-umThetho uZhanna D'ESISI. Yayingumfazi wesibini wenkokeli. IGena iGena i-Eugeni iswelekile ngo-1913, yashiya umyeni wakhe kwintombi kaGeorgette nonyana noAndre.Kumtshato wesibini, uMel Mesh uthathe indoda eqolileyo. Umfazi wakhe wayeneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, kwaye wayezama ngandlela zonke ukuba ayincede indoda yakhe ipholise emsebenzini. Ngaphandle kwe-peripetics, uGeorge Mel wonwabile ebomini bakhe.
Iifilimu
Ngo-1896, uGeorges Mel othengwe kwi-UK kwikhamera yokuqala yefilimu kwaye waqala ukubonisa abaphulaphuli iifilimu eziqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Le ndoda yaqala ukwenza uvavanyo, ukudubula kwikhamera. Ekuqaleni, wawasusa amanani ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweethayile zesekethe kunye namagcisa obungenayo.
UGeorges wamthambisa intshukumo yesitrato, kwaye kanye le vidiyo ikhanyisayo yafumana ukubonakalisa kwakhe kunye neesampulu ezingaqhelekanga. Ukusika isakhelo, wafumana imifanekiso egxunyeneyo kwaye ke waqulunqa ikhamera yokumisa. Kwixa elizayo, amaqhinga ahamba kancinci kwaye akhawuleze avele ngendlela efanayo. Ukongeza kwiiseli zelungelo lokushicilela, uMel Mel wasebenzisa izimvo zamaqabane ocweyo.
Ngo-1896, ukukhanya kwabona itheyiphu yeqela. Kunyaka emva koko, kweli lizwe, kufutshane neParis, uGeorges wakha i-pavilion encinci kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zamaqhinga - izixhobo, iikhamera zekhamera, iphakamisa imvelaphi emnyama yeVelvet. I-cinematographer kuqala izamile ukuthatha inyathelo ukusuka kumnyama kwaye mhlophe ukuya kwifilimu yemibala. Ukwenza oku, wenza iifreyimu zeteyiphu ene-mayos ye-mayos. Umsebenzi wokudinisa waxatyiswa kakhulu ngabaphulaphuli.
I-studio ihlawule ngokukhawuleza kwaye yaqala ukuvelisa ingeniso. Ngo-1897, uMel Mill ususwe malunga neefilimu ezingama-60 ezimfutshane. Uhlobo oluyithandayo yayiyi-Orvaganza, apho amatheseki e-Edward VII "kunye" nobukumkani boyikeka ".
Phakathi kweefilimu zokuqala zaseGeorges Meeles yi "Cardafefel" kunye "ne-guust neMargarita". I-Studio Mark ikhethekileyo kwiimvavanyo ze-cinematic. Nazi ukuvavanywa ngokurekhodwa ngokuhambelana neziphumo zesandi kunye nokungaqhelekanga. Ngexesha ukusuka ngo-1900 ukuya ku-1905, uMel Mel wakhupha itheyiphu "i-Orchestra", "ukuya enyangeni", "amawaka aphantsi" nabanye. Ezi peyinti zahlulahlulwa zizisombululo zobugcisa ezinobugcisa. Sebenzisa amanqanaba okudlala kunye neskripthi esibhaliweyo, umlawuli wadala olona hlalulo.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba umsebenzi wokuyila we-mesh mesh udityaniswe nomsebenzi wentlalo. Waba umongameli ekuthiwa cinematic isiFrentshi, sakhonza ngusihlalo waloo ngeenkongolo zokuqala ngamazwe cinematic.
Uvulindlela we-cinema wenza igalelo elihle kuphuhliso lobugcisa, uneemovie ezenziwe ngocoselelo kunye nokukhusela imithombo yoncwadi eyaziwayo. Ngo-1902, inkampani "i-Starfilm" yavulwa. UMel usasebenza ngeendlela ezithandwayo, kodwa intsimi ye-cinema yakhula ngesantya esikhawulezayo. Umlawuli waqala ukubaleka emva. Kukho abalandeli nabaxelisa inkosi. Ezinye zeeteyiphu zakhe zakhutshelwa, kwaye neziphumo ezikhethekileyo azisabonakali njengokubetha.
Umculi ozifundisayo, uMel Mel wenza ukubheja kumava eqonga, esusa indawo entle, engavumi ukusebenza kwindalo kwaye anciphise amathuba okudala. Ngokwenene kwi-cinema okwangoku inqaku lithathe ngaphezulu kweva. Ngo-1909, i-Georges Melgetes yaqalisa intsebenziswano neNkampani "bazalwana Pat", kodwa ayimsindisayo ekuweni. Emva kweminyaka emi-4, i-studio yaya ebhankini, kwaye umlawuli waphulukana neVilla noPavilion. Bathengiwe nguCharles Pat.
Ilifa lelifa le-george melhes lahlulelwe kukucokiswa okumangalisayo kokwakha inkohliso. Kwipeyinti yakhe, e-Elszen yadityaniswa, ukubambela, izinxibo, ukukhanya, ubume, kunye nomanyano lwendawo, ixesha kunye nesenzo. Ukuba mva, uGeorge wavela ukuba abe ngumdanisi ombi. Uye wagqiba ukufakelwa okufihliweyo kunye nokuvezwa okungapheliyo, kodwa akaphumelelanga ukwenza inkampani ibe luncedo ngokorhwebo.
Umlawuli we-filimography unegama elinamakhulu amane. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I, Mel Mel ayisayi kuphinda icofe imuvi. Wafumana ingxaki yokuyila, waphule kwaye walibala ngokungekho sikweni.
Ukufa
Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi be-MEL, iintatheli ezifumaneka koovimba befilimu kunye neefilimu zomlawuli, kwaye inkcubeko yabahlali yaphinda yawukhumbula inani lefilimu. Kuyinyani, akazange abuyele emsebenzini. I-cinematographic yoluntu, ngenkxaso kamakhulu womlawuli, walungiselela kwikhaya labalupheleyo eOnesi. Kuze kukhawuleze ii-Indulos kwaye zinike udliwanondlebe, zisebenzisa isikhundla sika "Bawo we-cinema". Umlawuli wasweleka ngo-1938. Unobangela wokufa yayiyinto engathandekiyo. Ingcwaba laseGeorge Mills ikwiParis ebukhosini yeLashez ngeLashez.I-filmography
- Ngo-1896 - "Ukunkcenkceshela"
- Ngo-1897 - "IKhabhinethi I-Mephistofel"
- Ngo-1897 - "I-Guest neMargarita"
- Ngo-1900 - "i-Orchestra" Indoda
- Ngo-1902 - "Uhambo oluya enyangeni"
- Ngo-1902 - "Ukuqhushumba kwentaba-mlilo kwi-martinique"
- Ngo-1903 - "Ebukumkanini Beices"
- Ngo-1904 - "Ukuhamba Ngendlela Engenakwenzeka"
- Ngo-1906 - "Militer"
- I-1907 - "Hamlet"
- Ngo-1907 - "Imbali Yempucuko"
- Ngo-1907 - "iikhilomitha ezimbini phantsi kwamanzi, okanye ubusuku bomlobi weFisherman"
- I-1908 - "i-raid paris - iNew York ngemoto"
- I-1911 - "i-hallocinations yeBharon Münhghausen"
- Ngo-1913 - "Intsapho yeRhweba iBrurishon"