Biography
Ngeminyaka yee-1980, uAli Khameni wayengumongameli waseIran, kwaye ngoku sisiphumo esiphezulu seRiphabhlikhi, inkokeli yoluntu neyokomoya yelizwe. I-Ayatollah enkulu ikhokelwa sisidumbu sabagcini bohlaziyo lwamaSilamsi, ethatha inxaxheba kwimicimbi yemfazwe yeSyria.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Imbewu Ali Hosainaee Khameni yazalwa ngoJulayi 1939 kwintsapho yenzala yomprofeti uMohammed, owayehlala kwisixeko saseMashhad. Utat'omkhulu wayeyimfihlakalo yenkolo eyaziwayo yaseAzerbaijani, eshumayela e-Iraq kangangamashumi eminyaka.
Utata-umthunywa wezakwalizwi kunye nommeli wabefundisi yayinguShiite Ayatolla, owayefundisa ithiyori ye-Islam neKora kwinqanaba lesibini esikolweni. Umama, umthonyama wephondo lakudala, wayengoweliMsilakazi wabalusi, olwazana noncwadi lweArabhu, eHadati, intanda-bulumko noKarlam.
UAli wayenoodade abasixhenxe nabantakwabo bakhulele kwiimeko ze-Ascetic, kuba umntu omkhulu kwintsapho uphephe ukugqitha. Kwenzeka ukuba endaweni yesidlo sasemini kunye nesidlo sangokuhlwa, abantwana bafumana amanzi, kunye nesonka sasekhaya enemitha yesandla kwizabelo ezilinganayo ekwabelwana ngazo.
Imfundo i-Iran esemva kwe-Iran ifunyenwe kwiZiko lokomoya leSixeko, apho ootitshala babeyintoni igunya le-milani kunye ne-bilani ye-hadikh sheha jazvini. Emva koko ke inkwenkwe efunda esikolweni unqulo nomda Saudi Arabia kunye lomthambo zenkolo ka Kuma phantsi ekuqaleni Ayatollah Rukholly Homney.
Iimvakalelo ze-Ultra-frienical Gedical baxhamlela kwi-biography ye-biography yomfana, kunye nemisebenzi yezopolitiko yorhulumente, wabetha izihlandlo ezininzi. Ulwazi luka-Iran kunye nenkonzo yokhuseleko, ongaphantsi kweShahinshha, ziziziswe zimbiwe kwaye zicinezelwe naluphi na uqhanqalazo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngokwesiko lamaSilamsi, ubomi bobufundisi bezobupolitika beIran ye-Iran ayisosikhiwo sikarhulumente kwaye sifihliwe kumapring amehlo. Ngomfazi, igama likaKhojast, kwaye iintombi ezizalwe kumtshato osemthethweni, kwi-Iranian noRejishi beLizwe kunye neHlabathi zibhaliwe kancinci.Ngoonyana bakaEreyafa, i-maris kunye ne-maisam Khameni ilawula ubukhosi bakho, kwaye uMochtaba watshata nendlalifa kwisithethi sase-Iran, kwangaxeshanye ekhokelwa ngu-MAMICs. Baye bafunda kwiifoto ezenziwe kwimisitho kawonke-wonke, kwaye bangena kwezopolitiko kuluntu olunenkolo nabantu bezopolitiko.
Umsebenzi kunye nezopolitiko
Umsebenzi wezopolitiko weChameme, eyaqala ebutsheni bakhe, eqhubeka emva kotshintsho lwamaSilamsi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-70s, wangcangcazela i-Iran. Ngenxa yoko, i-Imam Khomeini yakhokelela urhulumente elahliwe kwinkohliso, kwaye inkulumbuso yaba yinto yezopolitiko egama linguMehdi Bazargan.
Ali njengomthathi-nxaxheba onyanisekileyo kwiziganeko ezichongwe iNtloko yoMthandazo wangoLwesihlanu, ohlanganisiweyo ngokomoya ococekileyo kwi-popaganda phakathi kwabantu. Ukongeza, i-nased mashhad yazibandakanya kwiqela leRiphabhlikhi, kulo ekuhambeni kwexesha eliphezulu lezinto eziphezulu zangaphezulu.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgo-1979, uHameni weza kurhulumente njengoSekela-Mphathiswa Wezokuzikhusela kunye neNtloko yeMikhosi yeMikhosi yamandla. Emva koko wanyulwa usekela-MAHUNDA wamaSilamsi, apho wafumana umhlaba ukuze asebenzise iimpawu zobunkokeli.
Imisebenzi yezopolitiko yezopolitiko iphakamise inani leenzame ezenziweyo ngumbutho we-levoradical ofvoradical "forkan". Kodwa uAli, ngokungafaniyo kwiqela, waphepha inyamakazi yegazi kwaye ngo-Okthobha 1981 wakhwela i-Iralic yaseIran.
Njengomongameli ongeniswe eRakhbara, okanye intloko ephezulu, uHameni wathumela zonke iinzame zokuphelisa amandla oguquko. Emva kokusweleka kuka-Khomeini, waba ngumgqatswa wesikhundla somlawuli, ngenxa yenkokeli zokomoya ze-chastastes odlulayo kwaye waphumelela.
Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu u-Iran waqala ukulungiswa ngokutsha kweepolitiki zangaphandle nezasekhaya, bekukho utshintsho kumGaqo-siseko oluhlobo lwentloko yelizwe entsha. Wayengathintelwa kwimbophelelo yokuba nesihloko sika-Ayatollah omkhulu, kodwa ulwazi olukwicandelo lonqulo lwalufuneka lunyanzelekile.
Ngo-1994, uAli wafumana iRegila yezeMveli, emva kokuba uluntu oluphakamileyo luvakalise uMarja. Kodwa umlawuli akazange abe ligunyabantu eliphambili kuluntu lwe-intra-kazwelonke ukuze bahlale belungelelene kwiRiphabhlikhi phakathi kwehlabathi nemfazwe.
Ukhulisa nxamnye nobundlobongela, umlawuli wagxeka urhulumente waseMelika ngokuxhasa amanyathelo akwa-Israyeli kwiRiphabhlikhi yeRiphabhli ye-Iraq. Ukwaxhamla abantu basePalestina bagxothwa kwintsimi yembali, kwaye bafuna i-hlodrendamu ethandwayo ukuba bakhulule kwindima yabahlali.
Eyona nkokeli iphakamileyo yee-hamens ichaze ukuqokelelwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya, kodwa azizange zithintele amasudasi kwi-roldges yeRiphabhlikhi yeRiphabhlikhi yeRiphabhlikhi yokhuseleko. Oku kwabangela ukuba ilizwe elikhokelayo kumazwe e-Aran, iintloko zazo zathi indlela ye-Iran ayisamkelekanga.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyKuphela yiminyaka emibini engaphelelanga emva kokwenzeka kwe-hype, uluntu lwehlabathi lufumene amandla okuxoxa ngo-Quckic lo mbandela. UAli wadibana noTehran no Mongameli Vladimir Spin kwaye wacacisa iinkcukacha zenkqubo yenyukliya, ephawula ukungabikho kwezisongelo ezinokubakho.
Kwinkomfa yeendaba emva kothetha-thethwano oluvaliweyo, ilungu leBhunga lezoKhuseleko leKhuseleko, uMthathi-nxaxheba weSilamsi kunye nezopolitiko kunye nezakwalizwi iHadani wayekho. Kamva waba ngumongameli we-Iran, owasinda kwiintetho zikarhulumente, owathi, okhethwe yintloko ephezulu ye-chameme.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabemi beRiphabhlikhi luxhasa inkokeli yokomoya ubomi, ngenxa yokuba ekhuthaza uqoqosho kunye nezenzululwazi nezenzululwazi. Kuyinyani, lonke ulwakhiwo lwezinto ezongeziweyo yayingumntu ongumntu, othintela uphuhliso lweshishini kwaye inciphise inkqubo ngandlela ithile.
Ali chamenei ngoku
I-2020 ye-Iran yaqala ngeendaba ezibi: iRiphabhlikhi ilahlekelwe ngokubanzi kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo waseKasem Suleimani. Eyona nkokeli iphakamileyo yayityholwa ngamalungu okubulala urhulumente waseMelika kwaye wathi kubaxhasi bakaDonald Trump, iintsuku ezinzima ziya kuza.
Emva kokukhupha iirokethi ezikwisiseko somkhosi wase-US eSiriya, eli lizwe lahlanganisana eTehran kumngcwabo womngcwabo. UHameni, oye wanyibilika kwibhokisi yomfi, wathembisa ukuba uza kuqhubeka nomcimbi wemfazwe kwaye enze yonke into eyenzekayo kumazwe aseMpuma eshiyekileyo.