Biography
I-herch yaseFransi yothando i-herlioz ifumene udumo kwicandelo lomculo, lenza inani le-operas yoqobo, i-symphony, idrafti kunye nemidlalo ye-over. Umqambi wahlangabezana nembono ephosakeleyo kwilizwe lakhe, kodwa kwamanye amazwe akhanyisiweyo eYurophu, umsebenzi wakhe wadume kwaye wabangela umdla ophilayo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Hector Berlioz wazalelwa eFrance ngoDisemba 11, we-1803, kwaye i-biegraphy yakhe yakuqala yaqhagamshelwa kwi-commee laind-andre. Wayengoyena mkhulu womntwana waseKatatolika uAmonine, umfazi okhule waza wakhulela usapho lwenkolo.
Utata womqambi wexesha elizayo akazange abelane ngezimvo zeqabane, aqinisekile ukuba ungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo kunye nogqirha oqhubekayo. Kwakukholelwa ukuba wayengowokuqala abantu baseYurophu ukuba bazisebenzisile ngokungafanelekanga kwaye ngokulinganayo ngezenzo ezongezelelekileyo kwakubandakanyeka kwileta yesayensi.
IAgnostististic enembono yenkululeko yayililungu elidumileyo loluntu, ke umfazi wawusenza ekukhuliseni kwesi sizukulwana sincinci. Yayingulowo wanikezela ngothando lwe-hecraber kwiintsomi zamandulo kunye ne-folk kwaye yanika uthando kunye nokukhathalela ukuba ebuntwaneni ufumana.
Intloko yentsapho yayisenziwa ngonyana omkhulu kunye nabantakwabo kwaye ibukele ixesha eliphambili amakhwenkwe kwiincwadi zokufunda. I-Berlioosis ithanda izifundo zeJografi, ngakumbi icandelo lokuhamba, kwaye laliphupha ngamazwe akude, endaweni yokufundisa isiFrentshi.
Kwanangaphambi kokuzalwa kwabantwana, amaqabane agqibe kwelokuba oonyana babethabatha amayeza, ngenxa yoko ukukhula okubanzi kokusebenza kwakungeyonxalenye yekharityhulamu. Nangona kunjalo, i-hector ikwazile ulwazi lokufunda umculo kunye nenani lezixhobo kwaye ihlala isebenza kwi-flute kunye ne-gitar folk melodies ye-French Yuzhan.
Oodade, oodade bakaNanne noNancy, bavuya ngumdlalo womzalwana, noBerlioz, abaye bafumana iimvakalelo ezithenda ngazo, bebhala inani lemidlalo engalunganga. Imithetho-siseko yokwakha i-fihloergerererererer eyenzeka kwi-tutorial, eyachaza indlela eyaziwayo into ethandwayo neDiza.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo, umntu ophantse wangena ixesha elishiywe lixesha lomculo, njengotata ukusukela kusasa unyanzelekile ukuba afundise i-anatomy nesiLatin. Ngexesha lasimahla lezi zifundo, uHector wafunda imisebenzi yentanda-bulumko kwaye eqokelelwa izifundo zeChemistry iligumbi, i-theadow kunye nempempe.
Ngo-1821, edlula ikhosi yoqeqesho olomeleleyo, iBerlioois ichasa iimviwo ezininzi ezivumele iYunivesithi. Utata unyanzelise izifundo eParis, apho i-heckector yarekhodwa kwiziko lokuqala kwiZiko leMfundo ePhezulu kwiCandelo lezoNyango.
Kulutsha lweBerlioz, bafunda kakhulu imiqulu emikhulu yolwazi lwethiyori, kwaye ootitshala abadumileyo baseMetropolitan babekholelwa ukuba i-guy guy i-nehlup. Imeko itshintshile xa umqambi wexesha elizayo kwisifundo se-Aatomy kwakufuneka eze kwisibhedlele sendawo kwaye ngokuzimela esebenza isidumbu.
Ulwazi ludelele ukuba lubengelwe ngenxa yokulinyazisela amayeza, kodwa uHeector waqhubeka kwinzululwazi ye-Gnaw Grancite ngenxa yokuhlonipha uYise. Iinzame zabuyiswa yincwadana yemigaqo, ihamba rhoqo kwiNdlu, apho umfundi achithe iimpahla ezifanelekileyo kumzobo ofanelekileyo kumzobo.
Kungekudala, kwiwadi yaseBeerlioz, bekukho ii-odolo zokutyelela i-opera, kwaye wadibana nomsebenzi wabaqengqa abancome ukukhanya kweParisia. Imisebenzi yeChristophe ye-von Glitch, eyahlulahlulwe ngamaqela ee-orchestral, ezazigxininiswa ngamaqela ee-orchestral, ezazigxininiswa yidalthemathi yesakhiwo.
Iphefumlelwe ziingcinezelo kunye ne-Arias, uHector wabhalwa kwithala leencwadi logcino londolozo kwaye wenza iikopi zamaqhekeza athanda ukuntywiliselwa kwihlabathi lomculo. Ixesha elingaphezulu, waqala ukwahlula phakathi kweempawu zikazwelonke zababhali kwaye baqonda ukuba amaTaliyane anamhlanje athatyathwa lilize ukuze abe ngumqondiso womhlaba.
Emva kweentetho zamayeza, umfana ofundayo wafunda ukwakhiwa, kodwa wazama ukuqamba umsebenzi ofanelekileyo owazinyamekayo. UBerlioz wagqiba kwelokuba afune uncedo kutitshala uZhana-Francois Lesouveør, owayenguMdali we-Opera, waziswa ngokubanzi kwiisangqa zemali ezinkulu.
Ngomcebisi uHector wakwazi ukuqonda ithiyori ecel'umngeni yokuqonda kwaye wabhala enye ye-bitut isebenza engagcinwanga de kube namhlanje. Uye wapapasha isincoko esibuhlungu esikhuselayo umculo wesizwe ovela kukhuphiswano lwe-Italiyane lwazukiswa kumanqaku amaphephandaba.
Ngexesha lokuphela kweYunivesithi yaseParis, uBerlioz wagqiba kwelokuba abe ngumqambi, ngaphandle kwento yokuba utata wakhe wafuna ukuba indlalifa isebenze njengogqirha. Ukungathobeli kukhokelele ekwehliseni umxholo kwaye kungqubana nabazali bobabini, kodwa ngenxa yokulala ubuchule bekulungele ukutya ngesonka kunye nobisi.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngenxa yemo yobuqu kubomi bobuqu beHector Berlioz, iinoveli bezikho ngobuhle, kunye namanenekazi avela kwi-Aristoclec. Omnye wabafazi abanjalo yayinguMarie Mok - ibhola yomtholengi oselula onetalente, apho umqambi wayekuthanda ukuqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1830.
Intombazana yaphendula i-emva kokohlwayelwa, kwaye yafika kuhambo, kodwa emva koko yavuma ukuba intliziyo yakhe ithathiwe ngumvakalisi waseFrance kunye nemvumi. UBerlioz waqalisa ukhathalela umbambi wemidlalo yeqonga, eyabizwa ngokuba yayibizwa ngokuba yiHarriet Smithson, kwaye ekuqaleni wabhala iileta zakhe ezithobekileyo, ubuchule obuphakathi kunye netalente.
Ngexesha lomtshato ogqityiweyo ekuweni konyaka we-1833, iimvakalelo zabathandi bafikelela kwelona nqanaba liphezulu laza zathembisa iintsuku ezininzi zovuyo. Unyana kaLouis, ovela emva komtshato, waba yindlalifa yomqambi, nakomnye wabantwana.
Ngokuthe ngcembe, ubomi bomkakhe baqala ukufana nolwandle olungalindelekanga, kwaye uBerlioz, onesithukuthezi kwaye ekhathazekile, efuna intuthuzelo ecaleni. Wadibana noMarie Revorio, osisiyimvumi eyaziwayo, ehamba nendoda ekhenketho.
Emva kokufa, umchane uHarriet Heactor utshata inkosikazi yakhe, kwaye lo mtshato wonwabisayo wayeneminyaka eli-10. Kodwa ke isifo saphula iqabane, kwaye washiya umqambi ogama lakhe wayeza kuvela kumaphepha amaphephandaba aseFrench.
Umculo
Ngo-1825, uBerlioz wangeniswa kuluntu "umsindo omileyo", emva koko wadala amajaji "afihlakeleyo", alondolozwe ngokugqibeleleyo de kube namhlanje. "Oonogada Marsh", kamva basebenzise "i-firnamatic ye" Fataric ", yabangela ukuba abagxeki bomculo batsalele ingqalelo kubantu abadumileyo.Umbhali oselula wagqiba kwelokuba afumane imfundo yezifundo kwi-Parsis yeParis ePhezulu, apho kukho ikwayara eyindoda. Ukudibanisa izifundo ngemisebenzi yokwenza, iHector yenze nzulu ulwazi olugqithisileyo, kwaye kungekudala kwavela imvumi yengcali, umqambi kunye nenkqubo yokuqhuba.
Kwinqanaba lokuthweswa isidanga, umFrentshi wafumana imbasa yaseRoma kwicandelo lobugcisa lomsebenzi we-orchestral kunye nomsebenzi obizwa ngokuba "sarnapul". Isibonelelo endivumele ukuba ndiye e-Itali ekupheleni kuka-1830 kwaye ndiqhelene noMikhail Glinka, owayehlala apho kwaye eyenziwa.
Kwikomkhulu, kunxweme lweTiber, uBerlioz wafunda imibongo ye-william shakespeare, etyhola ukukhanya kwemifanekiso, isingqisho sephethini kunye nokulula. Wababeka emculweni kwimisebenzi eninzi, emva koko wabuyela kumhlaba wakhe wokuzalwa njengomzi kunye neqhawe.
Nangona kunjalo, isidlangalala esifunwayo esifunwayo saseParisi saseParisi baseParisi baseParisi baseParisi baseParisian sasabela kakhulu kwi-ken-ebizwa ngokuba "ziingcali ze-melogists", kodwa yamkele i-syroumphal yeloyitha "kunye ne-ortican". Kwaye xa "uHarold e-Italiya" kwaye "uLelie, okanye ukubuyela ebomini kwavela," ilizwe eliqhubela phambili lithethe malunga nempumelelo yomqambi oselula waseFrance.
Umbhali womeleze ukuthandwa ngokunxibelelana nabapapashi bamaphephandaba kunye neemagazini, nto leyo epapasha imisebenzi emininzi enzima. Ngesandla sayo esikhanyayo, amagama anjalo, njengomfanekiso womculo kunye nokubonakaliswa, kwaqala ukuba kusetyenziswe ngababhali kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe bangenisa ukusetyenziswa.
Ngokusekwe kubo, uHector waqulunqa imbali enkulu "egxeka i-ruser", i-symphony yeRomeo noJuliet kunye ne-RomanAval engagungqiyo. I-orchestra ye-paris yogcino phantsi kolawulo lomqambi ifundele le misebenzi kwaye yacinga ngempumelelo.
Phakathi koogxa, abaye baqonda isitayile se-lyricoz, yayinguNicolo Paganini, iRichard Wagner kunye neGeorges Biz. I-Cantata, i-waltris kunye ne-riling phes ivakala eJamani naseRussia, ibonisa ukuzibophelela kombhali kwiNdlela yoMbhali.
Unqulo olululo lugqithile kulindelo kunye namaphupha omqambi waseFrance, owaba ngumgcini welayibrari yalondolozwayo kunye nelungu le-Academy yoBugcisa boBugcisa. Ngokwephephandaba lephephandaba, uluntu lwadibana ne-herctor ye-ovation, ngenxa yokuba iingoma, zigcwele ubomi, azikwazanga kodwa zibangela iimvakalelo zesaqhwithi.
Ukufa
Ngo-1867, uBerlioz wafumanisa ukuba ekuphela konyana kuphela kaLouis wasweleka kwintsimi yeHavana evela kwi-ficleimic ye-bible etyheli. Ishukumisa impilo yomqambi, ikhathaza kakhulu intlekele, yanciphisa kakhulu iintsuku zakhe zokugqibela.
Ukuzama ukuphazamisa, iHector ityhutywe eFrance nakumazwe aseYurophu, kwaye yaya kubuya kukhuphiswano lwekwayara eklasikhi. Ngenxa yoko, ukubethwa kwabangela ukufa komtshato waseParadise, umbhali weSynt, oSebenza, i-symphony kunye nomsebenzi woncwadi.
Umqambi wangcwatyelwa eParis ekuqaleni kuka-Matshi 1869, kwaye ke kukho iintsalela zabafazi abasemthethweni ecaleni kwengcwaba elifanelekileyo. Embindini womFrentshi, inkulungwane kamva, umthendeleko womculo weSyhoni wayebanjiwe kwaye wavula imyuziyam kunye nelitye lesikhumbuzo endaweni eyayimi kuyo indlu yakhe.
Sebenza
- 1825-1834 - I-Opera "Abagwebi Abafihlakeleyo"
- I-1826 - I-AIGGY "Abagwebi Abafihlakeleyo"
- I-1829 - I-Cantata "Cleopatra"
- I-1830-I-Stoprical "isaqhwithi"
- Ngo-1830- "symphony ye-fimphony"
- I-1830 - i-Cantata "sardanapal" ("Ukufa kukaSardonapal")
- Ngo-1831 - I-ORGUR "YESIHLOKO"
- 1834 - "Harold e-Itali"
- Ngo-1840- "I-Wing-Tring-Trimphal symphony"
- Ngo-1846 - I-Opera "igwetywe i-guust"
- Ngo-1863 - I-Opera Trojans
- Ngo-1864 - Marsh Trojans