Biography
IBhunga lase-Alan Shepard, othatha inxaxheba kwiNkqubo ye-NASA, yaba ngummi wokuqala waseMelika, oye wenza inqwelo moya. Ebutsheni bakhe, ukulinga abacimiyo, nokusebenza ngumhlohli wemikhosi, umqhubi wenqwelomoya akazange acinge loo minyaka kamva, abantu baya kuthandana kwaye banekratshi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UAlan Bartlett Shepard-Jr. wazalwa ngoNovemba we-1923 kusapho lwe-American Lautenant Colonel kunye nenkosikazi yakhe kuphela esemthethweni. Oosinyabi soxande ngexa elizayo, i-frity yaseBritani ngobuzwe yayingabahambi benqanawa ye-SITOLDE, eyayiyilizwe elitsha.
Utata, ungowomnye umntu wesixeko saseDerry, umnini webhanki yendawo, uthathe inxaxheba kwimisitho yokuqala neyesibini. Indoda ekrelekrele nefundileyo eyalwa kumacala aseYurophu, ekubeni kude neqabane, afumene izihloko kunye nenqanaba.
Enkosi kuMama Alan Bartlett kunye nodadewabo omncinci uPolina bangenela isikolo samabanga aphantsi ase-Adams abaphantsi kogcino lwabafundisi-ntsapho abanamava. Apho, inkwenkwana eyayinomdla kwiMathematics, iOfices kunye ne-Asstronomy, yajoyina i-boad-joyine eneenjini kwaye yafumana abahlobo bokuqala.
Kwiminyaka engama-30 yenkulungwane yama-20, uShepard wafudukela kwiZiko labucala lemfundo, abo abanonolisileyo aboyisileyo ababengamalungu osapho lwakhe. Waba nomdla kwimveliso yeenqwelomoya, waba nguMyisi woluntu lwezombutho kwaye, bafunda ukwenza iikopi zenqwelomoya, bachitha yonke imihla yakhe yasimahla.
Amaxesha eSikhumbuzo kwi-biegraphy yokuqala yayikutyelelekile kwibala lenqwelo moya kwaye ehamba ekhwela inqanawa yaseDouglas ukusuka kwi-Derry kwidolophu eselumelwaneni. Ukusukela kule nqaku, ulutsha lwaseMelika lwaqala ukuphupha ngomsebenzi wenqwelomoya kwaye wosulelwe yile mnqweno wamalungu esangqa.
Kwiinzame zokungena kumbutho onama-Alite oboyikayo boboyisi besibhakabhaka, uAlan ujikeleza phakathi kwabaqhubi beenqwelomoya ngethemba lokufumana isifundo esingekho sesikweni. Kungekudala, abo babacebisi baphawula kwaye baxabisa ubuchule bomfana kwaye beza kwimvumelwano yokuba kuya kuba lukhulu kwiiklasi.
Ngequbuliso, kwabaninzi, ekupheleni kwe-Academy, onesidanga wayefuna ukukhonza kwizithuthi, kodwa ukuze athathe inxaxheba kwinkohliso, ngenxa yabasemncinci akazange avele. Ungenise iziko elakhiwe ngu-Admiral FindleGut, ngelo xesha wayethathwa njengezona zikolo zilungiselela ukulungiselela.
Ukufundile indlela yokulawula iinqanawa kunye nee-yachts, uShepard uthathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano kunye nenxalenye yeqela labafundi ephumelele amabhaso ahlukeneyo. Ukuphuhliswa kwethiyori ye-Navigation kuvumela umntu ukuba afumane isidanga se-bachelor ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1940.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngexesha lemfazwe, egubungele iplanethi, uAlan wazama ukunxibelelana rhoqo ngezaphene, ngenxa yoko wachitha iholide yakhe kwidolophu awayefunda kuyo udade. Apho wadibana nentombazana egama linguLouise Bruier, ababengoobani abeluhlobo lwakudala, awabhengeza ilizwe ngalo.Ngehlobo lowe-1944, ngaphandle koqhanqalazo lukaBawo noMama, ubuhle obuziinkozo kunye nobuhle bukrelekrele baba ngumfazi osemthethweni waseShepard. Ixesha elingaphezulu, amalungu amadala amagama asisikelelekile, kwaye esi sibini saqalisa ukuba sithatyathwa yintsapho esemaMelika epheleleyo.
Emva kokuhlawulwa kwembambano yehlabathi, u-ALAn noLouise banabantwana, kodwa umsebenzi wasemkhosini womfana othile wasinga ubomi bomntu. Umlingane, osele wedwa, wenyuka waphakamisa amantombazana amabini, ukuzama ukukhuthaza imvakalelo yekratshi kunye nethemba lokwenyani laseMelika.
Ebudeni beminyaka yee-1950s, umntwana wesithathu wavela entsatsheni, umtshana kaBruer, owahlala engenakhaya emva kokusweleka kodade wabo. Ngaphandle kokwenza amaphepha asemthethweni, izalamane zazisa i-sirotot kwaye, ngenxa yeGusile kunye neefoto ezidibeneyo, zazinobubele kakhulu kuye.
Umsebenzi kwaye ubhabhe enyangeni
I-ALAAN Alan Shepard yaqala ikhwelo kwi-Esminlit Cogwell, eyayiyinxalenye ye-pacifiki ye-palatic. Lo mfana wabonakalisa inkalipho kwiinyanga zokuqala zenkonzo yomkhosi kwaye wathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuba ilizwe lalifanelekile kamva.
Ngexesha lohambo lweshishini e-Okinawa, i-astronaut yexesha elizayo yayinoxanduva lokuhambisa imipu yenqwelomoya. Indlela ekhawulezayo kunye noqeqesho lavumela amaMelika ukuba ahlukanise phakathi kwaye abe nelinye lamagorha athatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe enkulu.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyEmva koloyiso kwi-Japan yaseJapan yazinza eTexas kwaye yaqala ikhosi yenqwelomoya ngo-1946. Abahlohli, bahlala begxeka ubuchule bomfundi omtsha, wafundisa i-feer kubudlelwane kunye nomsebenzi onoxanduva.
Ukuze uphumelele, uAlan wathabatha izifundo kwaye ekugqibeleni wayefanelekile kwaye wabonisa iziphumo. Wafumana imitya ye-pilot yolwandle emva kokuphucula amabanga emfundo kwaye wajoyina i-Fighters, enesatifikethi esikhulu.
Kwi-50s, uShepard wayezibandakanya kwindiza yasemkhosini kwaye eqhuba inani leemvavanyo ezixabisekileyo kumandla oMoya waseMelika. Xa sisesibhakabhakeni ngaphezulu kweUnited States ukuze siqokelele ulwazi, wayebandakanyekile kule nto, esebuntwaneni.
Amava afunyenwe evunyelwe ukuba abe ngumhlohli wenqwelomoya, kwaye emva koko, ekupheleni kweKholeji yeNewport, fika kwi-Atlantiki Fleet. Emva kokuba esebenze amawaka eeyure emva komngxunya wabafundela kunye nenqwelomoya, igosa laseJet labonisa lo myalelo wokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1959, uShepard weza kwi-Astronaut yase-Astronaut, ekwesikhokelo senkqubo ye-Mercury elungiselelwe ukufika enyangeni. UDonald Slankani, umkhangeli waseScott, uJohn Glenn kunye namanye amajoni aqeqeshe iminyaka emibini ukuzukisa amazwe abo.
UAlan, owayephambi kweSoviet Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, wayenelungelo lokuba ngowokuqala ukuphakama kwiBhodi ye-Mercury-redstone. Ngexesha lokubaleka kwexesha elincinci, umqhubi oqeqeshiweyo oqeqeshiweyo, ngokungafaniyo nomthetho waseRussia, walawula ngesandla.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyEmva kohambo oluyimpumelelo kunye nothumo olungenamda, uShepard wakhonza njenge-dleler yabanye abafaki zicelo ukuba babhalele. Udweliswe ngumphathi wenqanawa "Gemini" phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1960s, kodwa ngenxa yesifo somsindo esifunyenweyo, indawo yakhe yathatyathwa yenye umqhubi wenqwelomoya.
Emva konyango lwenziwa utyando kunye nonyango lweenyanga ezininzi, iAmerican yabuya kwinkqubo yendawo kwaye emva koLouis Armstrong kunye ne-basz, i-Aldrin yenza umhlaba owomhlaba. Iziganeko ze-1971 zachazwa kwincwadi ye-autobiographical, epapashwe kunye neentatheli, izalamane kunye nenkosikazi eyintanda.
Ukufa
NgoJulayi 1998, umhlaba wafunda malunga nokufa ngequbuliso kwe-astronaut, kabini kwabaleka ukuya kwindawo kwaye watyalwa enyangeni. Ukufa ngenxa ye-leukemia kwisibhedlele saseCalifornia kufunda abantu baseMelika besenza isijwili, imiphefumlo enengxaki yelizwe.