Biography
Ibali likaNicolas Fuce, i-Superintendent yezemali yeFrance, uninzi lwabantu abaqhelekileyo kubugcisa. Kukulinganiselwa kweLouis XIV Gall oli-jikelele edla ngokudida ipokotho yakhe. Embindini we-XID Ikhulu lenkulungwane, i-fuce ye-Nicolas iphumelele eFrance, ethi, xa ilanga lawela phezu kwakhe, uluntu lwaluthatha icala lokhuseleko. Ngenxa yothando lobuhle kwaye kwaye i-abright amerminerms imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ihlawule inkululeko.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UNicolas Fuka wazalwa nge-27 kaJanuwari, 1615 yeParis, intliziyo eFrance. Ungowesibini kwaba-12 abantwana uFrancois fuce, umcebisi kuLouis Xiii, noMaria de Moru. Uninzi lwabo, luye lwakhula, lwaluthathwa kwiimonki. Abazalwana ababini bade bakhonza phambi koobhishophu, omnye - ukuya kwi-abbot.
Ukuba ibingeyoyasekhadinali iArhen de Richelo, iNicolas Fuka yayinokuphila nenkolo. Wafunda kwiKholeji yaseCortrant eJesuit, kwaye ngoJanuwari 1635 walamkela ixhoba waza wangena kwinkonzo kwi-basilica yaseSt. Martin.
Imbali ithe cwaka indlela ebomvu ngayo i-credinal yokufunda malunga netalente ye-fuce yepolitiki kwaye ilungile. Kodwa yayinyanzelisa ukuba unyana womcebisi uLouis xiii afunde kwigqwetha kwiYunivesithi yaseParis.
Ubomi Buqu
Umtshato uLouise fulesh de Kekilk, ugqibile ngoJuni 24, 1640, wazisa i- £ 160 yamawaka, elukayo kunye nonxibelelwano kwi-Brittany, esele ithambekele kubuncwane be-nicolas.Ukonwabela uMbutho Louise fulesh wayenethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo. Usweleke nge-21 ka-1641, eneminyaka engama-21, ngelixa enexesha lokwenza intombi yaseMaria.
UMary Magdalene Destil, umfazi olandelayo kaNicolas Fuce, ongaphezulu kokubuyekezwa kwi-dowry ye-scacky ngoluhlu olubanzi lokuthandana kwiPalamente yeParis. Umtshato wabo ufumene amandla asemthethweni ngoFebruwari 1651. Umtshakazi wayeneminyaka eli-15 kuphela ubudala, umyeni - 36.
UMaria Da Destilb bazala abantwana abahlanu. Kwezi, kuphela i-fuce ye-louis (1661-1738) eqhubeka nokunika. Ngokungafaniyo notata, wenza umsebenzi wobuqaqawuli, wahlulahlula ngokwakhe kwingxabano e-Austriya. Ngokwemithombo yolwazi, uLouis Fuki wayephethe isikhundla soMphathiswa weMikhosi waseFrance.
I-maria de ilahleko yazala iFrancois (1652-16), i-Louis Nicolas (1654-1705), uMaria wabenzela (1656-1720) kunye noCharles weArmand (1657-1734).
Bathetha ubomi bobuqu baseNicolas Fuka ngamanye amaxesha bathenjiswa ngonxibelelwano olukhethekileyo kunye nezinto ezithandwayo zeLouis xiv.
Umsebenzi kunye nezopolitiko
I-Cardinal Arman Deihelo yayinenkxaso enkulu kwinqanaba lokuqala lezopolitiko. Ngesandla sakhe esikhanyayo, unyana womcebisi uLouis XIII wamiselwa izithuba, nangona wayeneminyaka. Kude kube kufa kwikhadinali ebomvu ngo-1642, uNicolas Fuki ukwazile ukutyelela umntu ongenakuphepheleleka eDauphine, ngexesha lemikhosi eCatalonia naseFrance.
UJulio Mazarini, onyulwe nguMphathiswa waseFrance ngo-1643 waba yi-chante entsha ye-chanclas fuce. Wayenxibelelene ngocwangco nenkalipho, ngoncedo lwalo ngokuthe gabalala osemthethweni waqhuba abavukeli ngexesha lamaxesha. Ukuba ayizange ingeneleli kwi-cucelas fuce, julio mazarini yayingayi kuba ngaphezulu kwesithuba.
Ngo-1650, uNicolas Fuku wenza inyathelo elibalulekileyo - ethengiwe nge- $ 450 yamawaka. Isikhundla somtshutshisi oyintloko wePalamente yeParis. Kwaye ngo-1653 wahlulahlula isithuba sentloko-mali yemali, ngamanye amagama, uMphathiswa wezeMali waseFrance ngu-Abheli Amerv.
Izenzo zomkhosi kunye neemfuno zobuqu zeLouis XIV ikhuphe uqoqosho lwaseFransi ukuya kwi-Catalrophic. Unondyebo wawugquma, isitokhwe sentsimbi exabisekileyo sancitshiswa ngokukhawuleza, abantu abazange bahlawule irhafu. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, i-fuce ye-fuce iphucule imiqathango yokuboleka ngokubonelela ngabathengisi kunye nabalimi abathandileyo.
Imibono kaNicolas Fuki izisa isiqhamo kuphela kwiingxelo zeLouis xiv. Ngapha koko, iFrance yaqhubeka nokungalunganga, kwaye iingxowa ze-Superinunt ziqhuma kwiingqekembe kunye neebhondi. Ngo-1661, emva kokusweleka kukaJulio Mazarini, uFuka wamkela isihloko salo mmi wasesikweni. Ii-asethi zayo zafikelela kwi- £ 19,5 yezigidi kunyaka-mali we- £ 150 yamawaka.
Kuphela yinqaba ye-vocon ixabisa i-nicolas fuce kwi-4 yezigidi zeedola. Kwafuneka ndidilize iilali ezi-4 zokwanelisa i-gigantomania kunye ne-carintendent. Imali yonke ihambe kwiinkolelo kunye nabaxhasi be-louis xiv, kubandakanya uJean-Batista Tobera.
Umlindi, ezona nkosi zibalaseleyo zeFrance Louis Levo, Andre Lenorer kunye noCharles Lebrene. Emva kwexesha zazakha iiverswils zeLouis xiv.
Ibhotwe lePoophu le-ficolas fuce kwisitayile se-classicism ejikelezileyo kunye neegadi kunye ne-Arabing. Umlo wendlu wenzeka nge-17 ka-Agasti, 1661. Iindwendwe zazonwabisa kwe-moliere kunye ne-lafonten.
I-les-vikont yazisa i-louis xiv ukuya kwimbono yokujonga ubunyulu bezandla kunye neepokotshi ze-fuce. Abanye ababhali-mbali bayakhankanya ukuba inkosi ibonakala ikwindlela yokuphila erhanelwa, ivumela amaqela evekini kunye nemililo kunye nezitya zaphesheya. Abanye bathi ilanga linobukrelekrele nje, yena wayengenalo ibhotwe elifanayo kwaye akazange abize iibhola ezinjalo.
NgoSeptemba 5, 1661, i-louis xiv i-charler charlen d'Artictan, umsipha wasebukhosini, ukubanjwa uNicolas Fuce. Ukugweba i-superintendent yeFrance yayilungile yiParis Playpt, iBrimud nge-80%. Ukuqiniseka ngamandla emali yakhe, i-fuce ye-nicolas inikezelwe kwi-the yethu yelanga emva kweentsuku ezi-2 zokukhangelwa.
Inkundla yaqala ngoMatshi 3, 1662. UNicolas Fuka, ebukhali elulwimini kwaye enemfundo esemthethweni, wala igqwetha kwaye wazikhusela.
I-Superintendent ichazwe kukuthuka i-louis xiv kunye nelifa likaNondyebo woMbuso. Zombini ii-yodwa ezilungiselelwe isigwebo sentambo. Kodwa bangama-9 kuphela abagwebi abangama-22 baxhasa lo mlinganiselo wohlwayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukubanjwa oku-3 okwiminyaka emithathu waguqukela kuNicolas Fuce wavalelwa entolongweni kunye nokuthathwa kwepropathi.
Ukufa
Umfana onamagama otyhafileyo ahlala echuma, 'uNicolas Fuku ujongeka ngathi yimifanekiso yabantu ababephila ngexesha. Kodwa kwi-pinerolo duntlon ngo-1664, wayehamba elukhuni, enyanisekileyo nelihlwempu.Iminyaka eyi-8 elandelayo ye-fuce ichithwe kwigumbi eli-2 kwigumbi elinye elinye elingatshatanga, ngaphandle kokubhala ileta emntwini kwaye ngaphandle kwemihla ngemihla. Ukususela ngo-1677, wavunyelwa ukuba ahambe ecaleni kweepaseji kwaye abone usapho.
I-Nicolas Fuki's Bukiy yaqhekeka nge-23 ka-Matshi, 1680, ngonyaka wama-65 unyaka wobomi. Unobangela wokufa yayisisifo sentliziyo.
Imemori
Umfanekiso kaNicolas Fuka usaphila kwimisebenzi yobugcisa. Owona msebenzi wokuqala usebenza ngayo - "i-elergy ukuya kwi-nymphs kwi" kwaye "i-ode ekukhuseleni iFuku" i-lafonna. Kuzo, i-basiforist iqinisekile ukuba uLouis xiv ukutshintsha ingqumbo kwinceba.
UNicolas Fuka uyakhankanywa kwinxalenye yokugqibela ye-trilogy duma-utata malunga neeMusketers ezintathu kunye ne-D'Deby Deognal Bulgalov ", kwi Iincwadi uAnn noSergei Golon "Angelica".
UNicolas Fuka - ifilimu ebalulekileyo yeefilimu malunga "nendoda kwi-Iron Mask" (1939, 1977). Ikwakhankanywe kwifilimu ethi "Ukufaka Amandla eLouis xiv" (1966), "I-Engsmth" (1977), "versases, iphupha lokumkani" (iprotein kunye no-2009).