Biography
Inzululwazi yaseJamani uAdam u-Olairius wayenguMyili weGostorian Globe, kunye nomqeshwa weNkonzo yeZikolo phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-17. Ngexesha lokuhamba okuninzi, ijografi, iOfists kunye neMathematics yenze igalelo kuphuhliso lwekhathuni kwaye yadala inani lemisebenzi ye-Epochemical.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Malunga ne-biography yakuqala ka-Adam Olairia (ifani yokwenene - olhell) Abaphandi bafundile kumaxwebhu kunye neempawu zeencwadi ezindala. Inkwenkwe yazalelwa ekuqaleni kokuwa kwe-1599 kwintloko yeHalbertat, apho igosa laliqwalaselwe iJamani ngelo xesha.
Utata wayengumthungi kunye nomkhweli, wanciphisa iziphelo kunye neziphelo, kwaye umama wayebandakanyekile kuqoqosho oluthobekileyo, eqhutywa ekhaya kunye neyadi. Ngaphandle kwentlupheko eninzi yabemi besixeko saseJamani saseSchleswig, umhambi wexesha elizayo wakhulela kwimozulu yothando nokulunga.
Kummangaliso omangalisayo, abazali bafumana imali ukuze unyana kwi-1620 yeDyunivesithi yeLeipzig. Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zendlela yeziko laseYurophu elixhaphakileyo, uAdam ekuqaleni wakhetha ubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha.
Ngokuhambelana nophando lwemfundiso yeecawa zeklasikhi yeklasikhi kunye ne-antique, umntu othandabuzayo wafumana intanda-bulumko kwimisebenzi yeenkosi zakudala. Kwinkqubo, wayekwenziwa kwigrama, isiArabhu nePersi, kwangaxeshanye bangakulibali ngeelwimi zakudala zakudala.
Ngenxa yoko, uOlayiris wakukhusela i-theis wafumana umsebenzi katitshala okokuqala kwiSikolo saseNcinci kwiSikolo saseNilolis, emva koko st. Ebutsheni bakhe, waphupha ngokutyala entshona ye-Saxeny yanamhlanje, kodwa oku kwathintela iziganeko zemfazwe engamashumi amathathu anawiminyaka.
Ekuqaleni kwe-1630, kwagqirha weyunivesithi yeLeipzig waba ngumxholo weDuke Friedrich III - inzala yenkosi yaseDanish. Ngenxa yokwamkelwa komdaniso olawula indawo yomda, uAdam wafumanisa ukuba umhlaba omkhulu weplanethi.
Ubomi Buqu
Malunga nobomi bobuqu be-Oleardiabibibibibibibibibibible bibiographeazazi kancinci - kwiminyaka eqolileyo wayedityaniswa nomtshato negazi elikhethekileyo. Intombi yomcebisi owayesebenza kuMantyi wesiXeko seSixeko saba ngumfazi othembekileyo wesayensi nonina abantwana abadibeneyo.Kusapho luka-Adam no-Ekaterina Müller, intombi kaMariya-Leizabeth yazalwa xa ukhulele, unyana kaPhilip - wayemangalisa isibini. Inkathalo yabantu Obathandayo, ngokucinga, inyanzele umphandi waseJamani ukuze avume ubukho bokulungisa kwaye ulibale malunga nobuhle bamazwe akude.
Isayensi kunye nokuhamba
Emva kokujikeleza ubumelwane be-goadpa, apho inqabile kaDuke eRledrich III imi, UAdam wafumana indawo kwi-Ambassy njengonobhala wenzululwazi. Umncedisi uyalele ukuba amisele ubudlelwane neRussia nakwimidlalo yeRussia, ebonelela ngolwazi malunga ne-shah kunye ne-orthodox Tsar.
Owona msebenzi uphambili wohambo owenziweyo kwi-1633, iindlela ezintsha zokurhweba ngezinto ezinqabileyo - isilika esidumileyo siqwalaselwe. Iidiplomats ezibalaseleyo kunye noosomashishini bafuna ulwazi ngeOlairia, ngoko ke washiya ikhaya elisandul 'ukufumana ikhaya ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.
Ukwenza uxanduva lomguquleli, indoda leyo yatyelela imali eyintloko yaseRussia, iRiga, nerva, iVeliky Novgorod kunye nezinye izixeko ezintle. Kungekudala emva kokusekwa kwe-vlaft ye-vffielieda ye-SIFI i, umfundi wangaphambili yayidume ngezandla ezikrelekrele zaseJamani.
Embindini we-1635, i-ealasiia yayalelwa ukuba iye kuhambo lwesibini olude kwiindawo ezithembekileyo ngaphambili. Umbhali oselula ongumbhali ongumfundi odumileyo waseIndiya wadibana nomcebisi womguquleli kunye nabameli abanesibizi.
EMoscow, ngenxa yeengxaki ezindleleni, amaJamani kwakufuneka afakwe. UAdam wenza amanqaku malunga namaRussia, ukufunda imikhwa kunye nobomi. Imifanekiso kwaye ikhutshelwe, emva koko ibandakanyiwe kwincwadi, idluliselwe iinkcukacha zembali kunye ne-flk egcwele i-flavorted.
Xa kufikwa uqhubeka naphaya, abahambi, badlula kwiKolomna, benziwe eNizhny Novgorod kwaye bami kangangeentsuku ezininzi. U-Olairiya waqalisa ukusebenza kwingqokelela yeziqalekiso zaseRussia, kwizixhobo zokufunda kwintetho yabantu abaqhelekileyo.
Emva koko, kwinqanawa yokuhambisa inqanawa, i-Embassoy isuka kwiVolga, emva kwendawo yokupaka kufutshane ne-derblence yafikelela kwilizwe lasePersi. I-Shah kakhulu yasabela ngokutsho kotyelelo lweediplomats zaseJamani, ezihamba ngezemali zaza zazifumana zibume.
Ekupheleni kuka-1637, ngaphandle kokufikelela usukelo lohambo, ithunye yakwa-Astrakhakin neTsaritsayyn babuyela kwinkosi ye-MOSCOW. I-Mikhail Fedorovich romanov, owayenomdla kwimizobo kunye namanqaku e-Olairia, enike isikhundla senkundla kuMbhala ofundileyo.
Inzululwazi yagqiba kwelokuba ihlale eRashiya: Kwinqaba yaseDuke riledrich III, wafumana indawo enkundleni. Imisebenzi yemathematics yemathematics, umguquleli kunye nononcwadi abazange bayishiye indoda yendoda ukuba ingene ngaphakathi.
Kwakukho iiyure zasimahla kwi "Inkcazo yohambo lokuya eMuscovy" - incwadi, i-stylisticaly efana nebali eliqaqambileyo lobugcisa. Ikhadi lemizobo elikhethekileyo leziko le-Russian elikomkhulu longezwe uhlelo olwahlukileyo kwaye lutsala ingqalelo yabantu abaninzi.
Kumsebenzi, ukuguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, i-olery ikhankanywe iiholide ezinxulumene namagama abangcwele. I-raditsa kunye ne-foma iveki, ngoku ucinga ngoAntipasha, wachaza eyona nto iqondakalayo kubafundi abancinci nabalupheleyo.
Emva kokuba ugqibe umsebenzi otyhafileyo, owayeyingxelo malunga nokuhamba, uAdam wadibana ne-Eskimos kwaye waqala ukurekhoda amazwi abo. Ukufundisisa amasiko kubemi baseNyakatho naseGreenland, waqonda ukuba isifundo esitsha siza kuhamba kunye ne-moloss.
Phantse kwangaxeshanye, iJamani yenzelwe ummangaliso onxulunyaniswa ne-Astronomy, iJografi kunye nenani lesayensi elichanekileyo. I-ppertorpian Globe-Planetarium ene-seiemeter ye-3.1 yeemitha yaziswa nguPeter enkulu kwaye ithuthwa nguSt. Petersburg.
Ukufa
Ebusweni, uAdam Olairi wabhala i-Prose, eguqulela imisebenzi ye-masters engaziwayo eYurophu. Isithandi-sobulumko, umbhali kunye nombhali-mbali basebenza kwimibhalo-ngqangi esisiseko, ngenxa yesichazi-magama sifutshane samazwi aqhelekileyo asePersi.
Ukugweba ngomfanekiso othatyathwe ngomhla we-1669, umnyango owayesakuba ngumhambi wayengumzekelo wawo wokurhoxa kwamadoda. Ngaphandle koku, emva kokuba ibhiyozele isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-70, wasamkela ukufa kwesizathu esingaziwayo.