Biography
I-Phyllis Dorothy James ngumbhali waseBritane obhalisileyo onenombolo yenoveli edumileyo. Ukusasazeka ngokupheleleyo kweMisebenzi yayo eyapapashiweyo kugqithile kwiikopi ezingama-60. Ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuyila, uYakobi wanikwa i-Baroseda itaysion engaphuhliswanga, kwaye yayiligosa le-odolo yoBukhosi baseBritane kunye ne-LaureAtes iipremiyamu.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UPhyllis wazalelwa e-Oxford nge-2 ka-Agasti, ngo-1920. Intombazana yafunda kwisikolo saseBritane esikwi-lundlow, saza saya kwisikolo saseCambridge. UJames akazange afumane imfundo ephezulu, kuba intsapho yakhe yayingenamali ngayo. Ngapha koko, utata wentombazana, umhloli werhafu, wayekholelwa ukuba akuyomfuneko kumfazi.
Kwiminyaka emithathu, iiPhillies yayingumsebenzi wokuhlola irhafu, kwaye ke i-testivitions yokuqonda amabhongo okudala kwaye ihlawulwe kwiholo yeminyhadala eCambridge, apho wayesebenza njengomphathi woncedisayo.
Ngo-1949, uPhyllis waphumelela kwizifundo zabalawuli, ezazinceda ekuzinzeni isibhedlele saseLondon. Wayengumqeshwa weziko lezonyango kude kube ngu-1968, emva koko asebenze kwiSebe lezoKrestu phantsi kweCandelo loMphathiswa Wezangaphakathi.
Ubomi Buqu
UPhillies utshatile ngo-1941. Ikhethiweyo yakhe yayingu-Ernest Cournor Hicy White White. Umyeni wombhali wayengugqirha. Amaqabane aphakamisa iintombi ezimbini, uClaire noJane.Ubomi bobuqu, iiPhillies kunye no-Esnest zibalulekile emva kokugqitywa kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Eli bhinqa lalichitha le minyaka njengomongikazi kumnqamlezo obomvu, ndilinde intanda. Ukubuya kwakhe ngaphambili, emhlophe efumeneyo yokufumana isifo, ngenxa yokungakhokelela ekunyamekeleni imisebenzi kwaye banike usapho. Kude kube sekupheleni kwemihla yakhe, zonke iinkcitho ezihlawulelwe i-phyllis.
Iincwadi
I-biography yendalo yombhali ithatha ukuqala phakathi kwiminyaka yo-1950. Umsebenzi wayo wetyala waba yinoveli "ubuso kufutshane". I-PARTE ityhilwe malunga nomlinganiswa ophambili - umhloli we-scotland-yadi uAdam Dalglisha. Ukongeza, iiraveration zaqwalaselwa yimicimbi ye-Bureaucracy eBritani, kunye nobuthathaka beCawa yase-Anglican.
Kwiminyaka emibini emva kopapasho lwencwadi, intloko, uPhyllis wasweleka, kwaye wangena ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi yoncwadi, edityaniswa nomsebenzi kwiSebe loLwaphulo-mthetho. I-bibliografi ye-bibliografi yaqalisa ukubuyiselwa kwakhona ziinoveli, kodwa nangamabali awabhalwa nguJames.
Amabali e-plillis acokisekileyo ayenzima, kwaye iimpawu zabalinganiswa kunye nengqondo yemeko echazwe ngokuchaneka okukhawulezileyo. Imisebenzi yokuqala kaJames yabhalwa kwiSakhelo seClassical. Oku kubandakanya i-savan yeSolovena, epapashwe ngo-1971. Kwaye "igazi elimsulwa", epapashwe kamva, sele ekwiminyaka yaba-1980, yayiyinto yengqondo ngemvelaphi yomphetho.
Imisebenzi ye-Phyllis yadityaniswa kwingqokelela apho uAdam udibana khona wenza uphawu oluphambili. Ukufakwa kwempahla yezolwaphulo-mthetho kwimeko yakhe yayiyindlela yokulibala ukusweleka komfazi wakhe. I-Logic kunye neqhinga elinikwe amandla kunye nokukwazi ukuziva ngokunzulu, waba likhonkco leenoveli zakudala.
Encwadini "Bandakanya Umsebenzi", wakhululwa ngo-1972, kwavela umphenyi omtsha. Intombazana egama linguCordelia Grey ifumene uvelwano lwabafundi abaye babona ingcinga yokuphuhliswa kwecebo lesifo sentengo yokuba abadlali ababini bafumene ulonwabo kunye. Kodwa uPhillies washiya icandelo lomcekisi ngaphambili. Ukuchukumisa kwenoveli yayikukuba ixhoba lisembindini wobambiso, kwaye ngenxa yoko ukrokrela kwasweleka. Umsebenzi ufumene umthetho ngo-1982.
Ngo-1977, umphenyi wapapashwa ngokusweleka kwengcali yengqina. Eyona nto iphambili kugrexiso lolwaphulo-mthetho kulo yayinguhlobo lomfi. Ngokutsho kwencwadi, le filimu yabekwa nakwisibhakabhaka, eyaphuma kwizikrini ngo-1983. Ngo-1987, ukukhanya kwabona umsebenzi "ukungcamla ekufeni". Ngeli xesha, isitayile sombhali siye satshintsha ezinye iinguqu, kwaye eyona ndawo iphambili kwiinoveli zanikwa imiba yokuziphatha.
Ngo-1989, iishebheli zeencwadi zeencwadi zafumana incwadi yePhillies "iTursecy", echaze uhlobo olutsha lomlinganiswa, maniac. UJames waqiqa ngelithi, kunokwenzeka ukuba anciphise umthetho kwaye abingelele umthetho kwaye ancame ubomi bomntu. "Isono sokuqala", epapashwe ngo-1994, echaza ingxaki efanayo. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, uJames wapapasha incwadi ethi "Isihlobo", apho le le micimbi ingentla yaqwalaselwa ngayo nge-prism yomthetho wenkundla yamatyala.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, umkhombandlela wophando kwakukho ukuvuselelwa kwemikhwa, kwaye oku kubonakalisiwe emsebenzini 'wokufa kwingubo engcwele. " Ukusebenza kwiNdlela yoCwangciso loPhakathi, i-phyllis james inikezele ngamagorha ngeempawu ezichaseneyo. Uye wachaza iidrabo zokuziphatha, ukwenza amaxhoba asebenza ngamaxhoba kunye nabacuphi.
Ngalo lonke ixesha lomsebenzi, uPhyllis unamathele ukuba akhethe umkhombandlela. Ekuphela kwencwadi leyo, eyayikubuyisa isiko, yaza yaba 'ngumntwana ongumntu ", obhalwe kwisitayile esimnandi.
Ukufa
UJames waqhubeka nemisebenzi yoncwadilo yoncwadi kwanasemva komhlala-phantsi kwiSebe leZwelonke. Wazinikezelwa emsebenzini de wafa. UPhyllis wasweleka ngoNovemba 27, 2014. Unobangela wokufa ube sisigaba seminyaka edibeneyo yesifo. Kwinzala kunye nabalandeli bobuchule bobugcisa, iifoto zokuqala kunye nokugqitywa komsebenzi wakhe ogciniweyo.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1962 - "Vavalela Ubuso"
- Ngo-1967 - "Unokubangelwa Kwemvelo"
- Ngo-1972 - "umsebenzi ongafanelekanga womfazi"
- Ngo-1975 - "Inqaba emnyama"
- Ngo-1987 - "Ixesha lokuba Lunzulu"
- Ngo-1989 - "uburharha kunye nenkanuko"
- Ngo-1992 - "Mntwana Ongumntu"
- Ngo-1997 - "Isalamane Ilungisa"
- Ngo-2005 - "Indlu yokukhanya"
- Ngo-2008 - "Umfazi onesikhafu"