Biography
Ingonyama yezibonda yeyokwembali yobuntu obubalaseleyo omele ingcinga yentanda-bulumko yenkulungwane yesilivere. I-paradyatical, eyintsusa kwaye iyaqondakala ngokupheleleyo, wayenenxaxheba kunyokho wakhe kunye nokudubula kweenkqubo ezikhoyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, igama lakhe yindlu yendlu efana ne-mystics kunye neesimboli, i-asfacimarsocists kunye nefilosofi yezenkolo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Igama lokwenyani le-pilosopher-yehuda Liebe Schwarzman, wazalwa nge-31 ka-1866 kwintsapho etyebileyo yabavelisi. Utata wakhe, umrhwebi uIsac Moiseevich, owayene-kiev oyena mntu ubalulekileyo kwi-manfactortoctories ephambili kwimveliso yefowuni, kunye neevenkile ezithengisa iilaphu. U-Ana Grigorievna wabantwana abasixhenxe, oonyana abathathu neentombi ezine. Ifoto ye-Schwarzmanov igcinwe, apho abazali bajikeleza iindlalifa zabantu ezintlanu.
Ukwenziwa kwesizukulwana esitsha sahlawulwa ingqalelo enkulu, njengoko uBawo wayevakala yindoda eyaboniswa ngokubanzi kunye nolwazi. Ingonyama iqale ifundwe kwi-3 ye-Gymnasium yeKiev, kwaye iMfundo eQhelekileyo yaqhubeka eMoscow. Apha eyunivesithi, isithandi sobulumko sexesha elizayo baba ngumfundi we-faculty yemathematics. Emva koko, lo mfana ubuyela kwidolophu yakhe, apho kwiYunivesithi yasekuhlaleni wazama khona ukufumana isidanga somthetho, kodwa sakuthunyelwa ngenkululeko, khange adlule kwinkululeko.
Akuyithintelanga ingonyama ukuba isebenze njengegqwetha kunye nommeli ongumncedisi, ngelixa uhlawula ishishini likatata, owawuhleka uNyana wethemba waza wabona ikamva lingenelela kuye. Abazalwana abancinci ababebizile ukuthembeka kwakufikelelwa. Ishumi elinesithandathu lalizabalazela ukuba yindlalifa enoxanduva, kodwa imicimbi yezorhwebo ayimvumelanga ukuba aqine kwaye azibandakanyeke kwintanda-bulumko, awayeyithweswe yibhentshi yomfundi.
Le ndoda ikhathazekile imicimbi yezentlalo noqoqosho efana nendawo yabasebenzi kunye nefilosofi yenkolo malunga nokufunyanwa kwazo nokubuyisela unxibelelwano 'lwaphukile ". Utitshala wokuqala we-LER wayekholelwa uWilliam Shakespeare, owenza imisebenzi yakhe evuswa kuyo umnqweno wokuqonda imithetho yehlabathi. Ayezame ngokubhala, ebhala amabali nemibongo, kodwa ayizange ibe lisongezelelo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu befilosofi obufumileyo ngexesha lokuhlala kwelinye ilizwe. Umfazi uAna Elazarovna Berezovskaya Peles wahlangabezana neRoma. Intombi yomnini-mhlaba kunye nendoda engabonakaliyo ilahlekelwe ngabazali bakhe kwangethuba kunye namaphupha amahle okunyanga abahlengiweyo babethanda. Kule ntombazana emva kokuphela kwendawo yokuzivocavoca eya eYurophu, apho wafunda khona ugqirha. Apho ngonyaka we-1887 kwabakho intlanganiso ne-Isaaakiovich, eyaba yindoda yakhe noyise wabantwana bakhe - iintombi zikaTatiana neNatalia.I-Shestov kwafuneka ifihle umtshato kubazali bakhe: Le ntombazana yavuma ukuba iOthodoki, kangangokuba yeyakwaYuda, eyayisenziwa nguyise wefiloso, owawungafanelekanga. Lo mtshato wawugqalwa ngokusemthethweni ngokusemthethweni, kwaye abantwana bafunyanwa ngokusemthethweni. Indoda leyo yayingenayo into ezingubeni ezineentombi zabhaptiziweyo. Akangengawo naluphi na uvumo.
Ukuze uYise wayengazi ngomtshato, izibonda kunye nenkosikazi yakhe zahlala eYurophu, kwaye ukuze ziphephe amarhe, bahlala rhoqo eJamani, emva koko eSwitzerland. Umfazi waqhubeka efunda kwaye ngo-1903 wafumana iDiploma yezonyango eLausanne. Ngo-1908 bakwazi ukuwenza ngokusemthethweni umtshato ngexesha lokuya eLondon, kwaye ukusukela ngoko, uAna Elezarovna wayenxiba ifani ka-Schwarzman. Kwangelo xesha, eRussia, i-Russia, i-Union, i-Univar yayithathwa njengengasebenziyo, kwaye ke usapho lwefilosofi kwilizwe layo lwabuya lwabuya lwaya kwisikhundla esisengozini.
Iqabane lakho lasinda kumyeni wakhe laza lafa ngo-1962. Wangcwatyelwa ngokwahlukeneyo ukusuka kwisithandathu kumangcwaba waseRussia eSt. Geneva de-boo. Apha, emva kweminyaka eli-10, uxolo olungenanaphakade likaTatiana loxolo olungonaphakade. Oyena mncinci uNatalia wayehlala ubomi obude kwaye washiya incwadi ethi "Ngobomi boBonyama, ezinikezelwe kwibhayiloji kayise.
Intanda-bulumko
Incwadi yokuqala kaShestova yaphuma ngo-1898 kwaye yabizwa ngokuba ngu "Shakespeare kunye neempawu zakhe ezigxekayo." Sele kukho iingxaki eziye zaba ziingqokelela zomsebenzi wokucinga: Ukungathembani kolwazi lwezenzululwazi, umnqweno wokuloyisa iSakhelo soBomi, ukwala isimilo semilinganiselo yokuziphatha.
Incwadi yesibini uLev uEvovich unikezelwe kuhlalutyo lobuchule be-ridrich Nietzsche, owaba yisampulu yomntu ozimeleyo obona, eva ngokuthetha ngokutsha, engatshatanga. Wathelekisa imfundiso elungileyo kwimisebenzi yesithandi-sobulumko saseJamani kunye neembono zikaLeo Tolstoy, kwaye kwincwadi elandelayo ebize i-nietzsche enye i-fertoevsky. Yimpapasho "Dostoevsky kunye ne-nietzsche. Intanda-bulumko yentlekele "yazisa udumo lwesithandathu. Kwindawo eziphononongo kuye, uNikolai Berdyaev obizwa ngokuba ngumbhali 'umbhali onetalente kunye nokukhululeka koncwadi. "
U-Iaakiovich waqhubeka nemfuno yakhe, iziqhamo ezazinikezelwe kumsebenzi we-Alexander Puykin, ivan Turgenev, uAnton Chenkov kunye nezinye iiklasi zeRussia. I-Shestov ithathe abaguquli ngabaguquleli abaphambili kwingcinga yentanda-bulumko yasekhaya, ukuqonda indawo yomntu ehlabathini kunye nembali, ukufumana ukubaluleka komntu kunye nokukhangela izisombululo ezithile zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha.
I-Ipomesto yesithandathu yayingumsebenzi 'wokusikwa kwe-apotheocy ", epapashwe ngo-1905 kwaye yathunyelwa kwiingcaphuno ze-moskovsky kunye ne-st. Apha umbhali washwankathela amava okucinga achaswa naluphi na uhlobo lwemfundiso yemfundiso. Ngo-1911, i-6-tonnik yefilosofi yakhutshwa kwindlu yokupapasha, kuquka "kunye neyona nto iphambili" neminye imisebenzi.
Ngeminyaka yee-1920, ishumi elinesithandathu lawa eSoviet Russia, ukuzenza eFransi. Ngokuphathelele amandla amatsha, wabhala inqaku elibalulekileyo "Yintoni i-Russian Bolshevism", egxininisa ukwenziwa kolawulo lolawulo kunye nokungakwazi kwawo kubuchule. Ngokufuduka, ukucinga kuyaqhubeka nokubhala, ukudala imisebenzi "yeAthene", "Kyrgyhard kunye nentanda-bulumko ye-filosi", "kwizikali zikaYobhi. Zulalela imiphefumlo. "
Ukufa
Iminyaka yokugqibela yoBomi, isithandi-sobulumko esichithwe eFransi, sifunda umsebenzi wamaxesha aphakathi kunye nokunxibelelana nelizwi lentanda-bulumko yaseNtshona yakhe. I-Shestov yathetha e-sorbboni enezifundo, ekhethekileyo emsebenzini weDostoevsky kunye neTolstoy.Ngo-1938, umntu oneminyaka engama-72 ubudala oneminyaka engama-72 ubudala wayenza iingxaki ezihamba ngemiphunga. Ekuqaleni, wafunyaniswa ene-bronchitis, kodwa emva koko wafumana i-bacchosus tubersus, eyayibangela ukufa, ekuseni kaNovemba 19. Imihla yokugqibela uLevizavich echithwe esibhedlele, apho umfazi nentombi yakhe bajikeleziwe ngokukhathalela. Ingcwaba lomfanekiso okhethiweyo kwindawo yamangcwaba amatsha eBuloni, idolophu yaseParis yeParis.
Iikowuti
- "Umkhwa wokucinga okuqinisekileyo uyabulala i-fantasy."
- "Umsebenzi wefilosofi akazithobeliyo, kodwa ezihlazisayo ngabantu."
- "Umsebenzi wam wonke ulungile ukuba ususe zonke iintlobo kwaye uphela ngonaphakade."
- "Kufuneka ukwazi ukusebenzisa yonke into, kwanokufa okuzisebenzisa ngeenjongo zobomi bethu."
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1989 - "Shakespeare kunye neempawu zayo ezigxekayo"
- Ngo-1900 - "Kulungile kwimfundiso ye-C. I-Tolstoy neNietzsche "
- Ngo-1903 - "Dostoevsky kunye ne-nietzsche"
- Ngo-1905 - "i-Apotheosis yokungalalaki. Amava okuCelwa kwe-aregram "
- Ngo-1915 - "I-Potestas Clavium (amaqhosha eMandla)"
- Ngo-1927 - "Ukudala kunye neApoclips"
- Ngo-1929 - "kwizikali zomsebenzi. Imiphefumlo
- Ngo-1935 - "Kyrgygar kunye neDostoevsky"
- Ngo-1937 - "I-kireghard-intanda-bulumko yenkolo"
- Ngo-1938 - "IAthene neYerusalem"