IVictor Franc - Ifoto, Biography, ubomi bomntu, unobangela wokufa, ugqirha wengqondo, i-psychologist

Biography

Amaxesha athile ngamanye amaxesha athumela umntu apho, apho anokunceda abanye abantu. Xa iTrolleybus yawela kwindawo yokugcina i-Yerevan ngo-1976, iNgqina lesigameko lentlekele laliyintshatsheli yesixhenxe ye-USSR kwi-Scuba Swipming Karape. Enkosi kwi-heroism kunye nezakhono zezemidlalo, abanini beerekhodi zabakhweli abangama-20 basindiswa. Kwiminyaka engama-33 ngaphambi kokuba loo nto, i-Peschingatist kunye nogqirha wezilwanyana, ingcali ekuthinteleni i-viktor ye-viktor, yayikufuphi namabanjwa enkampu yoxinaniso.

Ubuntwana noLutsha

Umsunguli weshishini wazalwa ngoMatshi 26, 1905 kwikomkhulu lase-Austria - iHungary. UVictormi Emil wayengowesibini wabantwana abathathu kusapho lwegosa lezobulungiseleli beCandelo loSetyentu lwe-Gabriel Frankl kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uEliza. Ngabazali bengcali yengqondo, umntakwabo omdala kunye nodadewabo omncinci ngobuzwe yayingamaYuda.

Umlo wokuqala umama uVictor uVictor ", kwaye wabonakala elukhanyisweni kwaye wachitha i-Frankon yaseFrankon kwiNdlu 6 kwi-cr. Endleleni, endlwini yesi-7 kwisitrato esinye, i-psynckitist yayihlala kunye nesithandi-sobulumko, isiseko seSikolo seVienna yesibini Alwer.

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Umama weVictor ukhumbule njengomfazi onentliziyo entle, kwaye eyona nto iphambili kuYise yayiyinkohliso kwaye ubuqhetseba. UGabriel wayenomsindo okhawulezayo kwaye kanye kumsindo we-rummy waphuka malunga nomva we-alpine encinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobulungisa bomntu kunye nokukholosa kwakhe kwimisebenzi yabo, onke amalungu osapho ayehlala kwimvakalelo yokhuseleko.

Kwiminyaka emi-3, uVictor wayefuna ukuba ngugqirha. Kunyaka kamva, le nkwenkwana yaxelela abazali bakhe ukuba banyuke ngendlela yokwenza amayeza. Ngokutsho kukaFrankl oneminyaka emi-4 ubudala, ngenxa yoko, kwakuyimfuneko ukufumana abantu abagqibe kwelokuba bahlukane nobomi kwaye ngenxa yoko. Umntwana wacebisa ukuba ukuzibulala "iziyobisi" njenge-petroli kunye ne-Gutalina. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukwamkelwa kwesigulana esiya kuthi, kwaye kukho iyeza.

Ngokufikisa, indawo enkulu ebomini baseVictor yathatha umdlalo wemidlalo yaseAmateur obabeka umntakwabo. Kwanangaphambi kokugqitywa kwendawo yokuzivocavoca, le ndodana yabhala isivumelwano "sengqondo yengqondo yokucinga yentanda-bulumko." Imfundo ephakamileyo iFranklis ifunyenwe kwi-faightid yedlelo leyunivesithi yaseVienna. I-neurology kunye nengqondo yaba yingcali yogqirha oselula.

Ubomi Buqu

I-creain yolwalamano olufihlakeleyo kwabazalwana uFrankli wavula intombazana, eyavumela abantu abakwishumi elivisayo ukuba bawuthande kwaye bazabalaze emzimbeni. Kwiiklasi eziphakamileyo zesikolo, uVictor wayecinga ukuba, utshatile, ungayeka ukulala ukuze uchithe iiyure zonke ebusuku ngovuyo lobomi bomntu.

Ekupheleni kuka-1941, ugqirha watshata nomongikazi wakhe gonerser. Kungekudala eli bhinqa lakhulelwa, kodwa kwimeko yengcinezelo ekhulayo ukuya kumaYuda, amaqabane akhetha ukuqhomfa. I-tilly, njengabazali kunye nomntakwabo, iViktor, ayizange ibuye kwiinkampu zoxinaniso zeFascist. Uthando ngengxoxo kunye nengxoxo yokucinga kwakhe exhaswa nge-frankl yelona xesha libalulekileyo lokuvalelwa. Incwadi yengcali yengqondo "Ugqirha kunye noMphefumlo" uzinikele "kwi-telly" efileyo ".

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Ngo-1947, uVictor watshata neCatholic u-Catarinar Catarina Schwindt, awayehlala kuyo kude kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe. Amaqabane aphathwa ngentlonelo kwiinkolo zabanye, kunye necawa kunye nendlu yesikhungu, ebhiyozela iKrisimesi kunye neKrisimesi.

Intombi kamva yaba yingcali yengqondo, uVictor no-Eleast babiza ugqirha kaGabriel ezukisa uYise. UFranklie wakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba ekukhuliseni umzukulwana kaCatharina kunye no-Alexander kwaye babone ukutyibilika kuka-Anna Victoria.

Ingcali yengqondo eyamkelayo ikofu eqinileyo kunye ne-ties. Zonke ii-hambo zithathe amacwecwe e-caffeine kwimeko yokuba i-cafe ayiyi kuba nakho ukufuya isiselo esinxilisayo. I-ties frankli ihlome ivenkile yevenkile, nakwiimeko apho ibingayi kuyithenga.

UVictor oqulunqwe umculo (i-elergy kunye nee-melodies kwisingqisho). Inzululwazi iqondakala ngokugqibeleleyo kwii-rims (kwiifoto ezininzi i-filosopher ifakiwe kwiiglasi), ixabise ubuhle kunye nomdlalo wamagama, kunye nezihloko ezihonjisiweyo kunye neziqhulo.

Umsebenzi wesayensi

Kwiminyaka engama-20 yenkulungwane yama-20, iFrankl iye yaqulunqa inkqubo yenkxaso yengqondo yabafundi. Ukususela ngo-1933, ugqirha oselula wakhokelwa kwisebe lokuthintela ababulali kwilikliniki yeVienna. Ngenxa yoncedo lwengqondo lwe-frankl, malunga namawaka angama-30 abafazi basusa iingcinga malunga nokuzibulala.

Emva kweAdbal, i-hitler, oogqirha abangamaJuda bakutyhilelwa ukuba baphathe abaguli baka-Aryan. Ngo-1938-1939, uFrankli wayeziqhelanisa nokuziqhelanisa ngasese, kwaye ngo-1940 wayesebenzisa isebe le-neurological yekliniki - ekuphela kwesibhedlele, apho amaYuda avumelekileyo ukuba aphathwe. UViktor kwafuneka angasebenzi kuphela ngugqirha wengqondo, kodwa ne-neurosurgeon.

Ngo-1941, enye indoda yamenyelwa kwi-Case yaza yacela i-visa yaseMelika. Ugqirha wala: Wayengafuni ukuhamba ngaphandle koncedo lwabazali abalupheleyo. Indawo yokuqala yesiphelo sikaVictor yaba yinto ye-chareritionals kwiRiphabliki yaseCzech, apho wawela khona ekuweni kowe-1942 apho unina notata wakhe sele bekhona.

Yayiyinkampu engumzekelo yokuba amaNazi abizwa ngokuba yipenshini kumaYuda akhulileyo aze abonise iikomishini zomvuzo obomvu. E-Terereslienaltal, i-Syagoune isebenza, imisebenzi kunye nemiboniso yenziwa.

Imfihlelo yobuntu "yobuntwana" yamaNazi yayilula - amabanjwa "epenshoni yomzekelo" ekugqibeleni wathunyelwa kwiinkampu zokufa. Yaphuma ke nonina kaFrankl, owasweleka eAuschwitz. Ngo-Oktobha 1944, uVictor naye wathunyelwa eAuschwitz, kodwa kwiveki watshintshelwa eTürheim - enye yeenkampu zenkqubo yeDahau.

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Kuzo zonke iindawo ezifinyelweyo, ibanjwa lalikwindawo ethile enamanye amabanjwa lawenza umsebenzi onzima ngokwasemzimbeni, ngakumbi, ooloyiso baliseke. Kodwa ngeengokuhlwa, uGqirha uphakase umphefumlo weqela lakhe kwintlekele yanceda ukufumana impendulo yombuzo ngoku, wayenenjongo yokuhamba ngentaba kunye nengqondo yengqondo.

Ugqirha wafundisa indlela yokubanjwa kwe-autotrailing-babeyimela indlela zonke iimvavanyo ezinokudlula ngayo kwaye ziphinde ziphinde zenzeke. Ngamava kunye namava amanye amabanjwa, ukuba uFrankl weza kwisigqibo sokuba "uThixo onentsingiselo" kaThixo "womntu ngamnye omncedayo ukuba aphile kwaye agcine isidima. UVictor wachaza le thiyori kwincwadi ethi "Indoda Ekhangela intsingiselo" neminye imisebenzi.

Nge-27 ka-Epreli ngo-1945, uFranklé kunye namanye amabanjwa okusinda base-Türeheim asikhulule imikhosi yase-US. Sele ngonyaka ka-1946, iSayensi ivakalise umbono woxolelwaniso. Ugqirha wengqondo walahla ithiyori yoxanduva lwabantu baseJamani kwiNazizism. Ngokweenkumbulo zeFrankl, phakathi kwabalindi benkampu, ngaphandle kwabafundi abadlali, babekho i-sabota abadlali, bekukho i-sabota abadlali, bekukho i-sabota ye-odolo, ukuba ibe lula ebomini bamabanjwa.

Ukususela ngo-1946 ukuya ku-1971, uVictor wakhwela ikliniki ye-Pentena. Phakathi kweendlela ze-psychotherapy iphuhliswe nguFranklom - unyango olusuka kwelinye icala (izigulana ezilibala ngokukhawuleza iintshatsheli ezililindileyo, kwaye iinkumbulo zaphuculwa) kwaye ziphucule iimemori), zilungile kune Babesenyani, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe abantu baba ngcono).

Ukufa

UFrankon wasweleka ngoSeptemba 2, 1997. Unobangela wokusweleka kososayensi uye wasilela kwentliziyo. Ingcwaba leqela eliqhelekileyo le-PecChaclogy yeNzuzo ye-Pechology ikwicandelo le-injini yamangcwaba asebusweni be-vienna.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-Getty

I-Viktor Frankl ivulwe kwikomkhulu le-Austria ngosuku lwesikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-110 yesayensi. NgoFebruwari ngo-2019, umzobo wengqondo obhalwe kwingqekembe yemali yesikhumbuzo se- € 50 ikhutshwe kwizikolo ze-viencna kwiinguqulelo ze-Pschology.

Ngo-2015, kwi-Russian Channel yeTV "kwiNtetho" kwi-Series "Amabali e-Biblical" baphuma kwifilimu "Viktor Frank. "Ixesha" Ubomi ""! ". Ngo-Agasti ka-2018, ikhathuni emi-3 yemizuzu emi-3 malunga neebhayiloji kunye nokufundiswa kwebanjwa langaphambili ye-Uzvwitzy isuswe kwi-Councress ye-Worporey ye-Moscow. Abadali beteyiphu baphefumlelwe yincwadi yeFrankl "bandixelele ubomi" Ewe! ". Ugqirha wezengqondo kwinkampu yoxinaniso. "

Iikowuti

• "Ekupheleni, Thixo, ukuba kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu, ungumntu olungileyo kunokuba uyakholelwa kuyo okanye hayi."
• "Ukuba ubuza ngento ethile, kuya kufuneka uphendule njengenyani, kodwa malunga nento engabuzwayo, kungcono ukuthi cwaka."
• "Akukho mntu unelungelo lokufuneka efanele ukuba acinge, kwanoyena wabandezeleka, wabandezeleka."
• "Ulonwabo lunjengebhabhathane - kokukhona ndibamba, kokukhona kuya kubakho. Kodwa ukuba uyibeka ingqalelo kwezinye izinto, iya kuza kwaye iqhubela phambili egxalabeni. "
• "Eyona meko inzima inika umntu ithuba elivelayo engaphandle ngokwakhe."

I-Bibliography

• Ngo-1946 - "Dlala iphini ubomi" Ewe ": Ugqirha wezengqondo kwinkampu yoxinaniso"
• Ngo-1946 - "iziseko zelogopy"
• Ngo-1947 - "I-Psychotherapy isebenza"
• Ngo-1948 - "Psychotherapy kunye nenkolo"
• Ngo-1949 - "umntu ofuna ingqondo"
• Ngo-1955 - "Ugqirha noMphefumlo"
• Ngo-1956 - "I-TOTOPOPY NOPWANGCISO LOLWAZI: IINQAKU NEZIFUNDO"
• Ngo-1956 - "ithiyori kunye nonyango lwe-neurosis: intshayelelo yokungena kunye nohlalutyo lwe-Intanethi