Biography
Ebutsheni bakhe, uMartin Heidiyograger wayenokuba ngamakholwa ecawa, kodwa kukhetha intanda-bulumko. Waduma njengombhali wemisebenzi kwi-phenomenology kunye ne-hermeneoutics, ehlala ifunwa kude.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UMartin Heidiyogger wazalwa ngoSeptemba 26, 1889 kwiSixeko saseJamani saseMiskirch. Wayengumntwana ongumdala kusapho lweenkukhu ezihlwempuzekileyo, ezazama ukukhulisa abantwana ngomoya wobuKatolika. Inkwenkwe ikhule kunye nodade omncinci uMaria noMzalwana uGrifrich.
Omnye uMartin waqalisa ukusebenza njengecawe, apho umfundisi, oncedileyo ekufumaneni i-Schoold kwi-Comtore, enikele ingqalelo kumfundi onetalente. Emva kwexesha, umfana wazivalela kwisemina ye-Episcopia e-Epipherg, apho wayeza kuthatha ixhoba kwaye ajoyine i-odolo yeJesuits, kodwa anyanzelwa ukuba ashiye i-montits ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo.
Emva koko uHeidegger wagqiba ekubeni abe ngumfundi weYunivesithi yase-Freiburg, apho ndatsho khona umlomo. Ngeli xesha, lo mfo ufunda kakhulu, ufunda iintembelo zentanda-bulumko kunye nemisebenzi yokucinga yamandulo, ngenxa yoko wayekuthandabuza indlela ekhethiweyo.
Oku kukhokelele kwinto yokuba uMartin afudukele ecaweni kunye nemibono yobuKatolika, ukuba abe ngumfundi wefilosofi. Kwakuyimfuneko ukuphazamisa izifundo zabo ngenxa yesibheno ngaphambili, kodwa ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo, kwavela ukuba ingabinakho ukubakho kwinkonzo kumgca wangaphambili kwaye yayingumthwalo wokubuyela umva.
Emva kokubuya, umfana okhusela ugqirha wesibini wokufumana i-dissertations kwaye wafumana umsebenzi kwiDyunivesithi yaseFreiburg, apho wafunda iintetho kwi-themoby ye-theolological. Kodwa ekubeni uHeidegger wabalalwa ngakumbi kwiinjongo zobuKatolika, wagqiba kwelokuba aguqulele kwiDyunivesithi yaseMarburg, awayefundisa kule minyaka imbalwa ilandelayo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ebutsheni bakhe, umdla watshata naye umfundi wakhe wase-Elfri I-Elfri, owazala oonyana bakaJoorga naseJamani. Emva kokubhubha kukaMartin, iinkcukacha zobomi bakho bobuqu lwamaqabane abanika oko kuphakamisa ukuba baphile kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba ngumtshato ovulekileyo.UHydegger wayesazi ukuba utata ongumntwana wakhe omncinci wayengumhlobo wakhe wobuntu ongumntwana, kodwa wazisa iHRMON njengemvelaphi. Emva koko, indoda yayikubudlelwane bothando kunye nomfazi womhlobo wakhe uElizabhete Blokhmann, kunye no-Annaya Rete.
Intanda-bulumko
Izimvo zentanda-bulumko yenzululwazi yesayensi yaqulunqa ngenxalenye yempembelelo ka-Edmund, awayedibana nabo kwiYunivesithi yaseFree. Kwincwadi yakhe yokuqala, eyabizwa ngokuba yi "Genesis nexesha", umbhali usebenzisa izinto ezithile ze-gusseyby, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ubeka iingcinga zakhe ngolwazi (i-gnoseology).
Umxholo ophambili kwintanda-bulumko yokuthandwa yi-Desin, echazwa njengomntu emhlabeni. Ifumaneka kuphela kwinkalo yamava, kodwa hayi ulwazi kwaye ayixhomekeki kwinkcazo eyingqiqweni.
Ukususela ngoko, ngokwenzululwazi, ukuba igcinwe ngolwimi, ufuna indlela entsha yokuyiqonda. Ke, i-hydeger yaqulunqa indlela ye-surdeneutics ye-otrolnet, eya kuvumela ukuba uqonde ukuba yimfundiso, ukuveza umxholo wayo ongaqondakaliyo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iindlela zohlalutyo kunye nokucingisisa.
Ukupapashwa "" kwiGenesis nexesha "kuye kwaphumelela, kwaye sele iphumelele ngo-1928 umbhali wakwazi ukutshintsha isihlalo kwintanda-bulumko yeYunivesithi yaseFreiburg. Intetho yokuqala, indoda eyachitha ingcinga ye-metaphysics, ekuvenisweni kwayo kugxile kakhulu kwiingcamango ze-ridrich nietzsche. Emva kwexesha, waza wangcwaliswa kuye ukupapashwa okubizwa ngokuba yiIietzsche kunye nokungakhathali.
Amanqaku kunye neencwadi zombhali, ezipapashwe kwiminyaka elandelayo, zaziwa ngokulinganayo, phakathi kolwandiso "kunye" nombuzo "kunye" nombuzo "kunye" neyona mibono iphambili yefilosofi ityhilwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ukufundiswa kwazo kwaphenjelelwa kwigama elithandekayo lenzululwazi, eyathi yaya kuye emva kokufika kwamaNazi ekhokelwa ngu-Adolf Hitler. UHeidegrager wafumana isicelo seposi yeDyunivesithi yaseFreiburg, sajoyina i-NSDAP kwaye satsho iintetho ezininzi, ezenza ukuba kube lula ukwenza inkxaso yenkxaso yakhe kwiinjongo zaNazi.
Ngenxa yoku, iirekhodi "kwiincwadana ezimnyama", apho abaphengululi bebhayilo yendoda bafumanisa ukuba intetho echazayo. Ngo-1934, warhoxa ngokungalindelekanga kwisithuba somhlaseli, kwaye emva kwemfazwe awasuswa kwimfundiso ngenxa yokuba nokukrokrela ukubambelela kwiimbono zeNazism.
Ukuvalwa kwasuswa kuphela ngo-1951, emva koko le ndoda yakwazi ukufumana kwakhona njengonjingalwazi. Kungekudala ngaphambi koko, wapapasha ileta eya kubuntu, eyacaciswa ziimbono zentanda-bulumko yabafundi baseFrance.
Ukufa
Isithandi-sobulumko safa nge-26 kaMeyi, 1976, unobangela wokufa yayisempilweni. Ngokweentando zeHydegger, bangcwaba amangcwaba kwizakhiwo zakhe zomthonyama. Ukukhumbula ngayo, iincwadi kunye neefoto ziyagcinwa.Iikowuti
- "Uphaphile lundwendwe oluyinto emnandi, oluya kudibana naphi na kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kuba namhlanje ulwazi lwayo yonke into kwaye ihamba ngexabiso eliphantsi kangangokuba le ndlela yexeshana le nto ihamba ngexabiso elizayo kwaye ilityelwe."
- "Kutheni sithetha into entle? Kuba sincinci kwaye sinqwenela ukoyisa ubukhulu bethu. "
- "Yonke imibuzo yovuyo, yonke impendulo iyalahleka."
- "I-Nietzsche enye inkqubela phambili" Imeko yanamhlanje "kwaye wakwazi ukumbona - kuba wayenegcwele ngenye into."
- "Ukusilela akuthathi. Ukusilela kunika. Inika amandla angenakuthelekiswa nanto. "
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1921 - "Ingcaciso ye-phenomenonottion ye-Aristotle"
- Ngo-1927 - "IGenesis nexesha '
- Ngo-1927 - "ezona ngxaki ziphambili ze-tynomenology"
- Ngo-1929 - "KATH kunye nengxaki yeMetaphysics"
- Ngo-1929 - "iingcinga ezisisiseko zeMetaphysics"
- Ngo-1935 - "Umthombo wendalo yobugcisa"
- Ngo-1935 - "Heebel"
- Ngo-1936 - "Ucacisa uMbongo we-vorderlin"
- Ngo-1936 - i-naietzsche kunye nelize
- Ngo-1952 - "ibizwa ngokuba yiyo ukucinga?"