Biography
UFrederick Taylor yinjineli yoomatshini evela eUnited States osebenze ngokuphunyezwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso. Umbhali wencwadi ethi "Imigaqo-siseko yoLawulo lweNzululwazi" yema kwimvelaphi yemveliso yokuncancisa. Usebenzise iindlela zolawulo ezinokupapashwa ezidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lobunjineli boomatshini. Ukongeza, i-Taylor yabandakanyeka kubunjineli bobunjineli kwaye yaba ngumnini welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UFrederick Winsvlor Taylor wazalwa ngoMatshi 20, 1856 kwisixeko saseJermantown, esikwiPhiladelphia. Intsapho yakhe yakhuselwa, ke umntwana wachitha inkwenkwe kwigumbi lokuxhotyiswa. Utata wasebenza njengegqwetha kwaye wenza imeko kwiimali mboleko, kwaye umama wakhuthaza ukupheliswa kobukhoboka. Ukufumene imfundo yasekhaya, iFrederick iminyaka emi-2 kufundwe eJamani naseFrance, emva koko wahamba nomnye unyaka onesiqingatha eYurophu.
Ngo-1872, waba ngumfundi we-academy yePhillips kwi-Embeters kwi-Exeter kunye nokucwangcisa ukwamkelwa okulandelayo eHarvard kunye nomsebenzi osemthethweni. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, umfana wangena kule yunivesithi, kodwa iingxaki zempilo zinyanzelekile ukuba ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde zibuyele phambili ngezinto eziza kuqala.
I-Taylor yaba ngumfundi wefashoni kunye nomqhubi kwaye wafumana umsebenzi kwishishini le-hydraulic, evelisa iimpompo. Lo mfo awudideki ukuba imvelaphi yayo ayihambelani nentsimi yomsebenzi. Sele kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, injineli ethembisayo yayifanekisela abavelisi boomatshini besiNgesi kumboniso ophambili kwiPhiladelphia.
Ngo-1878, uFrederick wangena abasebenzi kwi-minway yentsimbi. Ingcali inyuke ngokukhawuleza ileli yomsebenzi kwaye idityaniswe isithuba senkosi yoomatshini kunye nenjineli ephambili yeshishini. Oku kwabangelwa ziitalente zendlela encinci kwaye isibakala sokuba udade kaTaylor wayengumfazi wesityalo. Ngo-1883, wafunda kwimbalelwano yeSebe leMfundo yeTekhnoloji yamaThende, injineli ifumene inqanaba kubunjineli.
Ubomi Buqu
Nge-3 kaMeyi, ngo-1884, uFrederick Taylor wayetshatele kuLouise Spoon, intombazana evela kuPhiladelphia. Ubomi bobuqu besibini senziwe ngempumelelo. Umlingane wazala injineli intombi, awayibizwa ngokuba nguElizabhete.Umsebenzi wesayensi
Ukuqala ukusebenza kwi-mingane, iRorg iqonde ukuba ukusebenza kwabasebenzi kumzi-mveliso akulunganga kangako, njengoko kunokuba njalo, kwaye iindleko zabasebenzi ziphakamile kakhulu. Emva kokuba efumene isithuba sikaBrigadier, uFrederick waqala ukuhlalutya ukusebenza kwabasebenzi, angalibali icandelo lomntu.
Ukususela nge-1890 iminyaka emithathu, wayekhonza njengomphathi jikelele kunye nomcebisi wobunjineli kwinkampani yokutyala imali yePhiladelphia. UFrederick Taylor wayenoMlawuli wephepha eMaine, kwaye ngo-1893 waqala ukuziqhelanisa no-Philadelphia. Ukubonisana ukuba ingcali yaqala ukuyinika, yavunyelwa ukuba idibanise ithiyori yolawulo lombhali.
Ngo-1898, uTaylor wamenyelwa kwi-Bethlehem yentsimbi ukujongana nentsebenzo yezixhobo ezixabisa kakhulu. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, ngenxa yokungavisisani noogxa, injineli ishiye ishishini. Ngo-1906, iYunivesithi yasePennsylvania yabela umphathi walo ugqirha wezenzululwazi, kwaye kungekudala uFrederick waba ngunjingalwazi wesikolo seshishini kwiKholeji yeShishini kwiKholeji yeDartmouth.
Ukususela ngo-1906 ukuya ku-1907, waseMelika wayengumongameli woMbutho waseMelika weenjineli zoomatshini we-ASME, apho wazama ukwenza inkqubo yolawulo. Ukumelana nokungaphantsi kwenze ukuba kwenzeke kwakhona ukuba baphinde balungelelanise kuphela iSebe lePapashi.
Ngeli xesha, injineli sele ifumene urhulumente, ngenxa yoko wavumela ngokwakhe ukuba ahlole i-biography hayi ngomsebenzi kumzi-mveliso, kodwa ngokukhuthaza eyakhe ithiyori. Ityala "Irefern -ire" zezenzululwazi zesayensi ye-taylor ye-taylor yoxolo oludumileyo. Ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwenkqubo, oololiwe balawulwa yimithetho yabaphathi bezenzululwazi abadingi iindleko ezongezelelweyo.
Ngo-1911, i-Aorist yapapasha imithetho-siseko ye-monograph "yolawulo lwenzululwazi". Ukwamanyene namanqaku aliqela kwilungelo lokushicilela kwimibhalo ebhaliweyo ukuba ivele iveliswe. Ikhomishini ehlanganisiweyo ehlanganisiweyo yaqhelana nezicatshulwa kwaye idluliselwe kwi-ofisi yoHlelo loMachizi waseMelika. Umhleli we-Edition ye-Leon Preset Elford, umchasi waseTaylorism, wala ukuprinta. UFrederick wapapasha umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo.
Emva kokuba ngumbhali woluvo lokuphucula ukusebenza kwamashishini, i-Taylor yenza igalelo kubaphathi, ababaxabisa abalandeli bakhe. Umbhali wolawulo lwesayensi uye waqulunqa inkqubo eyanceda amawaka abantu ukuba baphucule impilo-ntle kwaye baphakamise umgangatho wokuphila kwabasebenzi. Injineli yaba ngowokuqala owagqiba kwelokuba ahlalutye umsebenzi, ngokucwangcisiweyo ukumbona kunye nokufunda.
Ucele ukuba athathe indawo yokutshintsha i-ncwaririca emsebenzini yophando lwenzululwazi ngemisebenzi esetiweyo, ecetyiswayo ukuba akhethe ngononophelo, afundise kwaye aphuhlise abasebenzi, kwaye bangazithembi imfundo. Le ndoda yayiyithatha ngokweenkcukacha ukuchaza umsebenzi womqeshwa kwaye ilandele. I-American ikwaye wathetha ngokwahlula-hlulwa komsebenzi phakathi kwabaphathi kunye nabasebenzi, ephakamisa owokuqala ukusebenzisa iindlela zesayensi, kunye nesibini ukuba enze ngokungqalileyo imisebenzi.
UFrederick Taylor unikezwe ukwazisa ukubekwa emgangathweni kweenkqubo kwaye usebenzise esona sixhobo silungileyo sezinto, ukulungiselela iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza kunye nentsebenziswano kwimveliso. Umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa oku kubaphathi - iingcali eziqeqeshiweyo. Abaphathi kwafuneka bakhethe abasebenzi kumsebenzi ngamnye othile, ukusebenza ngokweenkcukacha isicwangciso sokusebenza kwaye bahambisa kubasebenzi.
I-Innovations yayingafani nabasebenzi abasetyenzisiweyo, ukuqhankqalaza iindlela zikaTaylor. I-toorist yayikholelwa ukuba wonke umsebenzi ofanelwe kukuqesha, kwaye umvuzo kufuneka uthobele ukusebenza.
Abasebenzi benkampani yakhe bafumana ngaphezulu kwabasebenzi benkampani abanendlela yolondolozo. Ke ngoko, isikolo se-arhente yesayensi sabonakala ngathi asinabuhlobo phakathi kweenkokeli zomzi-mveliso, apho icandelo lolawulo lalisebenza khona ngendlela endala. Iphulo "lokudelela indalo iphela" kwiinkokheli zorhwebo lalibeka uxinzelelo kwinjineli. Oongxowankulu babengasithandi ukuba umphathi ucebisa ukuba inike uninzi lwengeniso yabasebenzi beshishini.
Ukufa
Umsunguli wemodeli yolawulo entsha yamashishini asweleke ngo-Matshi 21, 1915. Unobangela wokufa yayikukucaphukisa kwemiphunga. Ingcwaba laseFrederica Taylor likwi-Bale-Svida, ePennsylvania. Kwilitye lesikhumbuzo kukho uTata oLawulo lweSayensi ".Iikowuti
- "Owona msebenzi uphambili wolawulo lwamashishini kufuneka kuqinisekiswe inzuzo ephezulu yoShishino, ngokudibeneyo kunye nentlalontle yakhe wonke umntu oxakeke kwishishini lomsebenzi."
- "Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, sithumele iqhinga lokuya emgceni, kwaye inani leeyure zomsebenzi lalincitshisiwe kwi-10 iiyure ukuya kwiiyure ezili-10, 9.5.9 no-8.5 (ngelixa ligcina inqanaba eliqhubekayo leGosty eqhubekayo). Kwaye kunye nokuncitshiswa komntu ngamnye ngosuku lokusebenza, ukuvelisa kwandiswa, endaweni yokuncipha. "
- "Kuya kufuneka ulibale ukuba kwintloko yeofisi kufuneka ime umphathi onethemba, osebenza nzima kwaye osebenza nzima azaziyo ukuba ngomonde alinde okufanayo."
- "Sonke singabantwana abadala."
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1903 - "Ulawulo LwesiFreyiti"
- 1911 - "Imithetho-siseko yoLawulo lweNzululwazi"