Biography
I-SAPPO yamandulo yamaGrike yayiyindawo yeSiqithi le-lesbos, ilifa lakhe laliquka iingoma nemibongo. I-Yamba kunye ne-elegy lys, igcinwe kwiindinyana nakwiziqwengana, zazingoncwadi lwe-canonical ukuya kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Abaphandi bafumene ulwazi malunga ne-biography yesiGrike: izatifikethi (i-ticimonia), i-rorfmidis yentsusa nemibongo. Kwakholelwa ukuba i-SAPPO yazalelwa eMighone kwisiqithi se-lesbos phakathi kobuhle bendalo esenziwe yintando yoothixo beOlimpiki.
Ixesha lokuzalwa lithathwa njenge-625 BC. e., inyanga kunye nomhla womhla ongaphumelelanga ukuseka. Kwimisebenzi yoncwadi kunye nemisebenzi yababhali-mbali intanda-bulumko yolwazi malunga neentsuku zokuqala zobomi, kwakungekho ndawo ikhethekileyo.
Izihlobo ze-SAPPO, ngokukhethekileyo zazingutyeni eyaziwayo ye-Aristocrats "entsha. Kuluntu lwabo, ngokomda, amasiko aqeqeshwa yizayensi kunye nobugcisa bomntu wonke ngaphandle kokuphuma.
Utata we-Peetess Scammannonnonnim wayengumrhwebi osisityebi, wayenenzala emine kunye nomfundisi-ntsapho, umfazi osemthethweni. Intombazana yakhulela phakathi kwabazalwana abazinikeleyo, i-larch kunye nokusukela, ihlonitshwe ngamandla nangengqondo ebalaseleyo.
Ngokutsho kwezithethe zamandulo zamaGrike ezichazwe kwimisebenzi yezembali, amakhwenkwe avela kwimvelaphi yesimo sengqondo ezazisiwe wayini. Mhlawumbi, ngexesha elinomzuzwana legazi legazi elinomdla owongezelelekileyo, i-SAPPO encinci yaqwalaselwa.
Imeko yokuhlonela i-Forect kwiitempile ezimangalisayo iphuhlise i-fantaaly poeasy kwaye ityhilwe ngetalente yendalo. Iingoma ze-poetic zekwayala ezazichitha kwiflegi ye-thermal yayiyazi yonke iqonga leqonga leqonga kunye nemvumi ye-lyrical.
Amantombazana azinikezelweyo kwi-Olimpiki ye-Artemide Artemide, i-hostess yamahlathi kunye nemithombo yamanzi yeZiqithi ezintle zeAegean. Ingoma yokuqala ye-Peetess ifundwe i-timofey genadye genadavich jakin, umqeshwa welebhu ye-Novosibirsk yembali yembali yembali yakudala neyeenkulungwane.
Emncinci, i-SAPPO kunye nosapho i-Mileene yasekhohlo nase-lesbos ngenxa yokuba i-mirssil yeza kumandla aphezulu - i-tiran tiran. Iintsapho ezikhutheleyo ezikhutheleyo ezifumana ukubhukuqwa kwe-pafidedes zayeka abemi abanokuba yingozi.
Oonongengo nabazalwana nabazali babefihlile eSisili, babuyela kwilizwe elincinci emva kweminyaka eliqela. Ubuhle bentombazana eqondakalayo, abazuzayo imfundo, benza ukuba bathande ukukhanya kwenkcubeko yamaGrike.
Ubomi Buqu
Iindidi zeentsomi, intanda yokuqala, ngokweNqaku, yayiyimvumi kunye nembongi yeAlkei, yayibulunga nobomi be-SAPPO. Kwakhona kukholelwa ukuba amaGrike wamandulo atyhilwe ngemiyalezo yembongi, kodwa inguqulelo ayifumananga isiqinisekiso kubantu abadumileyo.
Ngokutsho kwabanye abaphandi, umlindi onesibindi nonamandla, igama elibizwa ngokuba nguRarhen kwisiqithi. Umfazi othathelwe ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo ziimvakalelo zothando oluthandileyo wayelinde inyulwe ematyeni phakathi kwamaza amakhoboka anobungozi.
Kwizixhobo zembali, kwakudala aqokelelwe kwi-Groins, ulwazi malunga nomyeni lufunyenwe - ummeli wezizwe zase-Italiya. UAndrien Kerick, utata ka-Cleedis, ekuphela koonyana bakaPeetess, washiya usapho.
Kwi-Epoch yeGolide yeGolide, i-SAPPO yayihlala ibonakaliswa yi-libertine eyabathanda abafazi kunye namadoda. Inani lamaGrike angamaGrike kunye nepeyinti ye-ART yenze uluvo olunjalo ngoMdali wemibongo.
Kamva kwibhayiloji yebhayiloji eyomeleleyo, iinyani malunga nobufanasini ziye zavela, ukuqhelwa kweenzululwazi ezinomdla kuzo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Izikrelemnqa zonxibelelwano kunye namantombazana angobutsha, ezithathwe kwizicatshulwa ezigciniweyo, zinomdla kwingxabano ezingeyomfuneko.
Indalo
Ngokutsho kwezazinzulu, i-SAPPO yabhalela ingqokelela yeembobo ezilithoba, kodwa abantu bexesha elimi bambulela ngamaqhekeza, bafikelela kwalo mmangaliso. Imibono yenkanuko, uthando kunye nokwahlukana, i-Elegi, yathatyathwa nguKatori, owayehlala kwi-Epoch yookumkani baseRoma.
Amaxesha angathathi-qinileyo ahlala esebenzisa imisebenzi emithathu, epapashwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zohlobo kunye nokhetho olukhethekileyo lwamagama. Imfanelo ze-poetess yamandulo yamaGrike yaba lungeniselo lwenzala yeesampulu zesingqisho esitsha.
Enkosi koku, amazwi omtshato eyenziwe phantsi komculo ongaqhelekanga, kwaye lo mfazi wayedla ngokuboniswa ngezixhobo zomtya ezandleni zabo. Umzekelo oqaqambileyo woku yayiyi-Fresso "iparnas" uRafael Santi, owayengumhlobi wase-Itali, owayesebenza kwi-1500s.
AmaGrikhi abizwa ngokuba yi-poetess upoures kunye ne-tenumy yeshumi, i-odo "eluhlaza kumakhulu abantu. Ukukwazi ukubuqhekaza iingqondo zabarhwebi abancinci nabafana bakwazi ukumona inkosi ye-Itaca-iOdyssey ekhululekileyo.
Ndikunye ne-aacreontom ne-Alkem, i-SAPPO yaba yinkosi yeengoma ze-monodic, wayeyazi kakuhle le ntsomi kunye nendawo ye-lesbian yase-Lesbian. Imisebenzi emininzi yoncwadi, ngakumbi i-odo "uThixo ngokulinganayo ...", yenze abadlali abaziwayo kunye nekwayala yakudala.
Imibongo yoMthonyama ye-mitlyan yabanye ababhali yahlulahlulwe yinkanuko yendalo yokubonakaliswa kwendalo kunye nokungabinamsebenzi. Ngendlela malunga nothando lwentombazana, umbhali wavula ngokupheleleyo umphefumlo, osebenzisa i-Allegory, i-Persiprase kunye neSombulsm.
Ngokutsho kweqela, banikezelwe kwintombazana encinci uErinna, obhale lo mbongo esithi "wasasazwa" kunye neqela le-Epigram eliqaqambileyo. Kwintlanganiso eyenzekileyo kumhlaba weziqithi zeAegetan Ulwandle, umbulelo ongazenzisiyo kuzo zonke izithixo zamandulo zesiGrike.
Ukuphulukana nomdla kwi-cigries yeCanon yeCanocal Melic yesona sizathu sokuphulukana nemibongo ye-lellen. I-Byzantine izikolo ezilibale malunga namazwi omfazi onetalente kwaye wangcwatyelwa ilifa elidala kwilifa lezixeko ezitsha.
Ngethamsanqa, i-Expergers igcinwe kwimiqondiso yamandulo yase-Egypt efumaneka kwigrisi yabaphandi benkunkuma kumazwe aseYurophu. Kwiqokelelo lababhali bamaGrike bekukho nemisebenzi ye-poetess, yayiyinxalenye yesicwangciso sesikolo esinyanzelekileyo.
Ukufa
Malunga neemeko kunye nonobangela wokufa, oonongo-siphelo lwamaGrike abazi njalo, yayiyintsomi yokuba lo mfazi wasweleka, emagqabantshintshi ngokuzithandela kumatye le-lefkadian. Ukuzibulala kabuhlungu kwakunxulunyaniswa nothando olungonwabanga kude, ohamba ngenqanawa kulwandle oluvulekileyo kwaye akafuni ubudlelwane.Kubugcisa
I-SAPPO ichazwe kudidi lwamagama alithoba aphezulu amaGrike, wayethathwa njengombhali onetalene yemibongo yothando lwe-melodic. Vinjinti Vikentievich Vesaev kunye neYakov Emmanilovich Golovases idlulisele iingoma kunye ne-OD ekuqaleni kuka-1900s.
Umfanekiso weGrechany waphelelwa yi-cinema kunye nepeyinti, ifilimu "Safo" yayithandana ngokudibeneyo. Imifanekiso yomsebenzi kaPierre Gerena kunye noCharles of Auguste Meezhen babonakaliswa kwiindawo ezidumileyo ezisasazeke kwihlabathi liphela.
Ukuhlonitshwa kombhali "Amphem Aphrodite" obizwa ngokuba yi-Asteroid ebonakalayo, kwaye uDavid Tukmanov udlulise i-albhamu yakhe yonke. Iincwadi, kubandakanya nemisebenzi ye-iUmir Roman, i-horace, abathandi babantu abancinci bafunda ngaphambi kokuba balale.