Biography
Xa umntwana, uVladimir kramik waqonda ukuba ufuna ukunxibelelanisa ubomi neChess. Akaphulukana, kuba wayekwazi ukukhumbula uloyiso oluqaqambileyo kunye nesitayile esiqinisekileyo somdlalo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UVladimir kramnik wazalwa nge-25 ka-1975 kwisixeko saseRussia saseTuap. Intsapho Yabaziwayo yayiyindlela yobugcisa: Utata wabandakanyeka kubugcisa bobugcisa, umama wafundisa umculo. I-kramnik inomzalwane omkhulu uEugene.
Sele ebuntwaneni, i-volodya incinci yaqala ukuba nomdla kwi-chess. Wayekuthanda ukubukela imidlalo yabantu abadala, kwaye kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala kwaye wahlala emva kweBhodi. I-kramnik yathatha iminyaka emi-2-watsala ubuchule kangangokuba wayengenazo izipholo.
Abazali baxhase inkanuko yendlalifa kwaye bathengela iincwadi ze chess. Phakathi kwezandla zokuqala kwenkwenkwe yawa ngengqokelela yamaqela aphezulu e-Aatoly Karpova. UVladimir wayengumntwana okhutheleyo kwaye wafunda ukuphumelela, bebukele imidlalo yabazukulwana abakhulu belo xesha, kuquka noHarry Kasparov naseBobby Fisher.
Ngokutsho kweememo zikamama, i-champion yexesha elizayo yayinomdla malunga ne-chess, eyayibahlawule lonke ixesha lakhe lesimahla. UKramnik wayephantse abe nabahlobo, wakhula kwaye eneentloni, kodwa waphumelela kwizifundo zakhe. I-Volodeya inenkumbulo ebalaseleyo, eyenze ukuba kwenzeke ukujongana nemisebenzi yesikolo ngaphandle kobunzima.
Ubonise indlela yokuyila yemfundo kwaye wakufumana uvavanyo olusezantsi kwiMathematics, kuba wagqiba kwelokuba le ndlela ingenziwa ngendlela eyenziwe ngayo kwezi zifundo. Ukufuna ukubuyisela ubulungisa, uTata weza eGoorno kwaye wafumana indlalifa ukuba ibeke ezintlanu.
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala ukuba usapho lwalunzima, lwaluswele imali, kwaye uVolokeyya kufuneka athabathe rhoqo iminyhadala, kuba eneminyaka eli-9 ubudala waba ngumnini we-chajiorry yesihloko se-USSR saza saphuculwa.
Uncedo lwaluvela kumhlobo wabazali ababhala ileta eyayisiya esikolweni i-mikhail itvinnik kwaye wacela ukuba anikele ingqalelo kwitalente encinci. Ke kramnik wayenenkxaso karhulumente kunye nethuba lokufunda kwiinkosi ezamkelweyo.
Lo mfana unikwe amathemba amathemba awayezimisele kwaye sele eneminyaka eyi-16 yaba yintshatsheli yehlabathi phakathi kwenkululeko. Emva koko, umdlali uhlonipha isihloko sikaGrammaster. Kodwa esona siloyisi siphambili kwi-vladimir sasingaphambi.
Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, oyena mfo wagqiba kwelokuba aqhubeke nemfundo yakhe kwiYunivesithi yeNovarod, kodwa ekugqibeleni ayenzeki ixesha elaneleyo lokuhlala kwaye afudukele.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bomntu buquzelelele buphumelele ngempumelelo, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uMarie-Lorzmon wadibana eFrance. Intombazana yasebenza njengentatheli kwaye yathatha udliwanondlebe kumdlali weChess.Kungekudala bagqiba kwelokuba badlale umtshato, owaphawulwa kwifama yeParis ye-kramnik ejikelezwe ngeyona ikufutshane. Ikwayara yanika indoda ababini - intombi kaDade nonyana Vadim.
Chess
Ngexesha lokuqulunqwa kweVladimir, iHarry Kasparov yaqwalaselwa njengomdlali we-chess omkhulu we-World-Carling Star. Kodwa sele ngo-1994, lo mntu wakwazi ukubetha umdlali welinye iqela ngexesha le-Grand Prixert yeChess ekhawulezayo. Uphinda impumelelo kwiminyaka emi-6 kamva, xa wayephumelele isihloko seHarry Championver kwi-cric chess ngokwe-PSH. Emva kwexesha, utshaba lwaluchaza isitayile somdlalo we-KRMnik njenge-Pragmatic.
Emva koko ukhuseleko lwetayitile lwalandelwa ngexesha lentlanganiso noPeter Lako. Kwaye ngo-2006, lo mfo wabetha i-velilin topalova, eqinisekisa ubuchule bakhe ngoku ngokwendlela. Ke iRussia yaba yintshatsheli yehlabathi le-14 kwaye yagcina isihloko seminyaka emi-2, de iVichy Ananda, iIndiya sisizwe.
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, indoda yaqhubeka ithatha inxaxheba kwiminyhadala, kodwa kwakungekho kufezekisile impumelelo ephezulu. Isikhundla sodumo esidumileyo sasinzima ngokuxilongwa - sisifo sikaBeokterev, ezibonakalisa ngendlela yeentlungu ezinamandla kumalungu kunye nomqolo. Ngombulelo kumalungiselelo onyango, iVladimir ikwazile ukujongana neempawu.
Ngo-2019, uManenene wabhengeza ukugqitywa komsebenzi womdlali we-chess, obaphulaphuli. Basungula ihesteg kwinethiwekhi, efuna ukubuya kwentshatsheli yangaphambili. Kodwa le ndoda yagqiba kwelokuba ifuna ukuzibona kwamanye amasimi.
Vladimir kramnik ngoku
Ngo-2020, kramnik yaba ngumqalisi wohlelo lonyango lweSisa, indlela eya kuncedo lwakwagqirha elilwela ibhulukhwe yosulelo lwe-coronavirus. Kwinkqubo yomdlalo, woyisa iSergey KoyAkin, kodwa waphulukana nabantu baseSemifinals.Kwakuloo nyaka, u-Grandermaster wathatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwe-intanethi lweentsomi ze-chess, apho bendiya kulahleka kuNevolai. Kumdlalo ofanayo ukuze uloyike, i-champion yehlabathi ingugnus karlsen yalwa. Ngoku baqhubeka nokulandela iindaba zodumo ezikwiinethiwekhi zentlalo, kubandakanya "i-Instagram", "facebook" kunye ne "vkontakte", apho kupapashwa iividiyo.
Impumelelo
Ukuphumelela kukhuphiswano:
- Ngo-1992 - I-XIV Inqanaba (Chalkidiki)
- Ngo-1993 - umdlalo kunye ne-starier (e-cannes)
- Ngo-1994 - I-Great Prix (Khawuleza): Okokugqibela nge-Kasparov (iNew York)
- Ngo-1995 - I-Xvii Dide (Dortmund)
- Ngo-1997 - I-XVIII Inqanaba (dortmund)
- Ngo-1998 - Udidi lwe-XXXII (iFrankfurt)
- Ngo-1999 - Khawuleza uChess kwaye "nge-offly" (monaco)
- Ngo-2004 - i-XX i
- I-2007-Chess ekhawulezayo kunye ne-wimpy (monaco)
- Ngo-2007 - ukhuphiswano lwamazwe aphesheya (dortmund)
- Ngo-2007 - ISikhumbuzo (Moscow)
- Ngo-2009 - ukhuphiswano lwamazwe aphesheya (dortmund)
- Ngo-2009 - I-Inter yeSikhumbuzo (Moscow)
- Ngo-2010-Ukhuphiswano lweLizwe (iBilbao)