Biography
I-Vladislav Khodasevich ibizwa ngokuba ngomnye wababhali abaneetalente 'ezimhlophe ". Ilifa lakhe lokuyila libalwa yingqokelela yeembongi ezintlanu, uninzi lwamanqaku anzima, amaxabiso abantu abadumileyo. NjengoMarina Tsvetaeva, zeINAida Hippius naseDmipy Merezhkovky, Vladislav Fericiavich Pentres, izele zizifo kunye nezifo ezipholileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Imbongi yazalwa nge-28 ka-1886 eMoscow, emva koko kuBukhosi baseRussia. Ubuntwana bakhe babanjwa kwintsapho ekhulelweyo ye-Ivanovich ye-Ivanovich, i-pole ngobuzwe kunye nomfoti ngohlobo lomsebenzi, kunye ne-biden bifshman).
Umahluko onzima kubudala (iminyaka engama-21) akazange athintele i-vladislav khodasevich ukuba babe nolwalamano oludala nomzalwana olizibulo eMikhail, igqwetha elaziwayo. Bade baphila kunye ngo-1904-1910, ngelixa imbongi yafunda kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow (ngoku iMSU. V. Lomononosov).
Ngendlela, yayikumzalwana wakhe ukuba umfana athatyathwe kwi-subby. Umsebenzi okhethiweyo wajika waba ngumsebenzi onyuliweyo. Ukuwa kuka-1905, watshintshelwa kwimbali nempuku, kodwa italente yoncwadi yoncwadi kwaye ayizivumeli apha. Ngenxa yoko, uVladislav Fericiavich unemfundo ngokubanzi ye-3 kaMoscow Gymnasium.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukuba ngumntu wokuyila, i-vladislav khodasevich ihlala ihamba eluthandweni, kwaye wamthanda. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukugweba ngeefoto, imbongi yayiyindoda ecekeceke, kodwa inomtsalane. Ubomi bakhe bufana bufana ne-swing - emva kweenoveli, ukuphoxeka kwaye ukunxila kokufanelekileyo kwalandelwa.
Inkanuko yokuqala yayinguMarina Erastovna Retinet, "ubuhle boSheri weMoscow". Uye wavuma ukuba ngumfazi wembongi nge-17 ka-Epreli, ngo-1905, kwaye ngo-1908 owabhengeza ikhefu.
Wophula umthetho, oshiye uMarina Razina, uVladislav Khodasevich wayezabalazela ukuvala unxibelelwano olungacwangciswanga kunye neenoveli zethutyana. Ngo-1910-1911, wadibana ne-EvgenIa Vladimirovna Muratova - umbhali wangaphambili uPavel Pavlovich Murava-Grenzazi weBurazion.
Uthando luthando lwahamba kunye neziganeko ezimbi-bobabini abazali bakaKhodasevich basweleka benza umahluko kwiinyanga ezininzi ngo-1911. Ikhumbuza imbongi kude kube njengobomi ngaphandle, ngoko ke waphosa utywala kwaye wacinga ngosapho. Ngo-1913, uVladislav Felicianovich wadlala umtshato nge-chlling-crony.
Owona mfazi uphambili ebomini bukaKhodasevich yayinguNina Nikolaevna Bebrav, Peetess. Badibana ngoDisemba ngo-1921 kwaye bathandana ngaphandle kwenkumbulo, kodwa babengabi ngamaqabane asemthethweni. Sisonke siye safuduka saza sahlala sinabahlobo, yoyika ngo-Epreli 1932.
I-Olga Boricovna Margalina, iJudarnish, yaba luthando lokugqibela lukaKhodasevich. Umtshato wabo wenzeka ngo-1933.
Imbongi ayiyishiyanga imbongi.
Indalo
I-Khodasevich yenza ulutsha oluphakathi lwexesha lokuqala "lutsha" (1908). Uninzi lwemibongo, umzekelo, 'emva kwekhephu "," intyatyambo ye-Ivana ubusuku "," amakhonkco ", azinikele kuMarina Maritme. I-vlariciavich ye-vladislav ye-vladislav fladiciavich yabandakanyeka kumsebenzi woncwadi - iguqulwe isebenza kunye neRussian kwiRussia, yabhala amanqaku anzima kunye neefestile.Ngexesha lokukhululwa kwengqokelela yesibini, "domaki oyonwabileyo" (ngo-1914), uKhodasevich wathathwa njengombhali waseRussia. Wamenywa ukuba asebenze kumaphephandaba akhokelela "eRussian Vendostiri", "IRussia", "ubomi obutsha". Imbongi yazama ukungaphoswa lithuba, iprintwe kuyo yonke indawo.
Iziganeko zezopolitiko ze-1917 Vladislav Khodasevich iqonde ngenzondelelo kwaye zicinga ukujoyina i-bolsheviks emva komhla wokuhlaziywa kuka-Okthobha. Kodwa bendiqonda ngexesha - kuya kufuneka ubophelele ngoncwadi. Okokugqibela, ukwenza ukhetho, ukukhutshwa ingqokelela "ngengqolowa" (1920). Ivula ngombongo wegama elifanayo, elibhalwe ngo-1917:
"Kwaye wena, ilizwe lam, nawe, bantu bakheNdiza kufa, ndize ebomini ngokudlula kulo nyaka. "
Ke i-vladislav khodasevich, okanye iqabane lakhe uNina Berberov libonisa ukuba iRussia imele umbundu wesakhiwo esitsha. Ukuqhubeka nohambo lokuya eBerlin ngo-1922, amaqabane akazange acinge ukuba indlela eya ezweni labo yayivaliwe. Ngo-1925, ekugqibeleni bafudukela eParis.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akunyanzelekanga, iimbongi zazingazifumani ngabantu abathandanayo - abameli abacacileyo be-ankmatova noNikolai Gumilev, kunye neesimboli zeZidaius, kunye ne-Andrei Mhlophe.
Incwadi yokugqibela yeKhodasevich, epapashwe ngexesha lobomi bakhe eRussia, yayiyingqokelela "ye-iras" (1922). Iqulethe imibongo "umculo", "i-psyche! Ihlwempu leyam! .. "," Kwisigcawu esiqinileyo ... "," ballad "kunye nabanye.
Umendo we-Khodasevich ugqibezele "intlanganiso yemibongo" (1927), apho, ukongeza kwimisebenzi esele ikho, umjikelo "ubusuku" nobusuku obutsha "kunye" Inkumbulo yekati uMurra "," phambi kwesipili "," ityeya ", latshintsha" i-Acrobat ", njl.
Ukutshona kwelanga ebomini, i-vladislav felcianovich iqokelele i "dossier" kwi "DOSSER" kumabhaso-maxiy gork, gorry merezhkovsky, zipida hipsius. Wayefuna ukubhala iimbali zabo. Umzekelo obalaseleyo yincwadi ethi "Derzhavin" (1931).
Emva koko kwabakho i-Khodasevich, ukuba yi-pickkin, ifunelwe ukuba ixelele ibali lika-Alexander Puykin. Kodwa ndiye ndaqonda ukuba ingqokelela kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo ziya kuthatha iminyaka engama-2-3, kwanqabela umbono onjalo. Njengandlela enye indlela eya kwi-bibliography yakhe, isincoko "kwi-puckkin" (1937) yavela.
Ifunyenwe kwimisebenzi ye-Khodasevich indawo ngokwakhe. Ukuvula ikhuselo lemfihlakalo, eligubungele ubomi bembongi, nceda iimemori zendlela emhlophe "(1937) kunye" necropolis. Iinkumbulo "(1939).
Ukufa
I-Vladislav Khodasevich ayizange iphumelele Ayisiyo nje isigogo esibuthathaka, kodwa sikwimbali yembali. Ngexesha lemfazwe yamakhaya, umzekelo, imbongi yayilambile kwaye ihlala kwiimeko ezingekho mthethweni.
Ngomyalelo weminyaka yee-1930s, imeko yempilo yeVladislav Fericich yawohloka ngokukhawuleza. Imbongi yayisisidenge, ayinakutya ukutya, iphela i-spasms kwindawo yesisu. Oogqirha-hayi iRussian okanye isiFrentshi - abanakukwazi ukumisela isifo, ukuxhonywa kwi-oncology okanye isifo sethumbu. Kodwa icetyiswa ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuqhuba utyando.
UKhodasevich wasebenza nge-13 kaJuni, ngo-1939 esibhedlele saseBrussa. Wafa ngemini elandelayo, engangeni ekuqinisekeni. Unobangela wokufa yayisisifo apho akukho gqirha wachongwayo - amatye kwiBubble Bumling.
Ixolelwe kwimbongi yako konke ukufuduka "emhlophe" kwiCawa yamaGrike kaBathathu Emnye ongcwele. Umzimba uphumle kwidolophu yaseParis - kumangcwaba le-boulog-biactur, apho kwakukho amatye aneleyo aseRussia.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1907 - "Ulutsha: Incwadi yokuqala yemibongo"
- Ngo-1914 - "I-Lodge yoLonwabo: Incwadi yesibini yemibongo"
- Ngo-1920 - "ngengqolowa: Incwadi yesithathu yemibongo"
- Ngo-1922 - "i-isch lira: Incwadi yesine yemibongo"
- Ngo-1927 - "Ukudibana kwemibongo"
- Ngo-1931 - "derzhavin"
- Ngo-1937 - "Malunga ne-typin"
- Ngo-1937 - "i-therridor emhlophe"
- Ngo-1939 - "i-necropolis: iinkumbulo"