Biography
Igosa lomkhosi omhlophe, lidanile ngokuzithandela, iarhente ye-NKVD, i-Porgey i-Efgey Efgey Effon Contradictory kwaye ingaqondakali. Mhlawumbi nenkosikazi yakhe, umondesi weSilver Marina Tsvetaeva, wayengazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngubani iqabane lakhe okanye ihlosi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
ISergey Yakovvich yazalwa ngo-Oktobha 11, 1893. Utata nonina kaYakov konstantinovich no-Elizabeth Dunovo, amaJuda ngobuzwe, ayebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi eguqukayo, ngenxa yoko kwakungekho xesha losapho. Inkwenkwe ikhula kakhulu kwizalamane zingaboni abazali.
Ngeli xesha, isiphelo sikanina sakhula ngokuhlwa. UElizabhete wayenabantwana abalithoba, abathathu bafa basabantwana. Umendo wenguqu wawucacile - wachitha unyaka kwi "bhwewn". Ukubuya kwethu kwisigqibo, wabonisa iimpawu zobunzima bengqondo. Xa intatheli yexesha elizayo kunye nombhali babuka iminyaka eli-13 ubudala, unina kunye nomninawa wakhe uKonstantin baya eParis.
Ngeli xesha, uJacoron wasweleka, owachukunyiswa kakhulu yimpilo kaElizabhete. Intlekele eyoyikisayo neKonstantin yaba yinto yokugqibela engumfazi ophakamileyo. Inkwenkwe yayineengxaki esikolweni, kwaye wagqiba kwelokuba asasaze unina, afumane i-gudling, kodwa atywinwe kwisitulo aze asweleke. Wafumana enye yenye kuphela ukuphuma-ukulandela unyana.
USergey wafumanisa ukuba ukufa kwabantu abasondeleyo kungekoko: Aba dade bazame ukufihla indlela yokuziphatha embi kumntakwabo. Babesoyika impilo yakhe, kuba ebuntwaneni inkwenkwe yagula sisifo sephepha, kwaye ukusukela ngoko ibinokubonakaliswa rhoqo. Ukukhupha umama kwelinye ilizwe okwethutyana, wayengacingi ukuba uza kuphulukana naye ngonaphakade.
Ukusukela ngoko, ngenxa yombhali, nakuphi na ukwahluka kwakufana nokufa. I-Efron ngexhala ixhalabile ukuba wayengambonanga umntu othile komnye umntu. Oku kubonakala kwimeko yengqondo nangokomzimba.
Ngaphandle kwedrama yosapho, uSergey wafunda kwindoda yabucala ye-Polivanovskaya Gymnasium eMoscow. Emva koko wangena kwisebe lembali le-Mscow State State.
Ubomi Buqu
Ndikunye neqabane elizayo, i-Efron yadibana eKoktelbel, ukuba kwiholide kumalume u-Maximilian Voloshina. Wayeneminyaka eli-17, onyuliweyo - 18. Kwimbuyekezo yakhe, uMaria Tsina Tesveeva wabhala ukuba, ukubona umfana osentlungwini obulawa ngunyana wakhe nonina, eqonda njalo: le yikamva lakhe.UMarina, wafika eKoktelbel, owamkelweyo uMaximilian ekuthandeni nothando olungafanelekanga. Kwaye nangona wayeneminyaka ubudala, akasathembanga ukuba adibane nomntu oza kubuya ebomini. Nje ukuba i-poetes ityibilika ibinzana eliza kutshata kuphela kulowo uxela ngelitye eliyithandayo.
I-carney ye-carnelian ukuba i-Tsvetaeva yanika umyeni ozayo ngosuku lokuthandana, wabugcina bonke ubomi bakhe. Ukubona i-Efron elunxwemeni lolwandle kwihempe emhlophe, umbhali odumileyo wayecinga ukuba umhle kakhulu ukuba angahamba emhlabeni.
Ezi yayiziimvakalelo ezimangalisayo - abathandi abancinci bezingahlukaniswa ngalo mzuzu. Kudlula iinyanga ezi-8 kuphela, kwaye oyena mncinci wadala usapho, ulinde uninzi lweSergey. Umtshato wenzeka nge-27 kaJanuwari, ngo-1912. Umlingane wendoda egula yinkohlakalo yakho yakholwa, iimvakalelo zakhe ziyaphilisa. Nangona kunjalo, kwakufuneka baphile akukho mntu, nto leyo ibethe impilo ye-Efron.
I-Tsvetaeva kwiiSemos zazisola ngomtshato wokuqala kwasebutsheni bakhe. USergey wayesoloko evakalelwa kukuba umfazi wakhe wayengafanelekanga kwaye wayengazange asondele kuye, engafani netalente yakhe. Ngendlela, uJoseph Bhrodsky wawuthathe i-poetesss "eyona nto inkulu kakhulu kwimibongo ye-XX yenkulungwane ye-XX."
NgoSeptemba 1912, amaqabane ayenentombi uAriaadne. Kunyaka kamva, kubomi bobuqu, kwabakho ikhefu-i-Tsvetaeva yangena kobudlelwane nomyeni womyeni wakhe uPeter Yakovvich. Lowo ubuyisele ekufudukayo kufuneka emke. Malunga nonyaka uthatha inoveli yemfihlo, uSergey wakrokreleka oyintanda yakhe xa wayethandabuza, kodwa akazange aveze ukubandezeleka.
Kwaye xa uPetros waswelekayo, imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala yayingunobangela wokwahlukana kwesibini. I-Efron yaya ngaphambili - ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo njengomongikazi. Ngokuhambelana nekholeji ye-Junked, emva koko wabhaliswa kwi-Nuzhny Novgorod.
Imfazwe yamakhaya elandelayo ikhokelele kwinto yokuba umyeni kaMarina Tesvetaeva azinzanga ngosapho. Wajoyina intshukumo emhlophe kwaye wayekholelwa ekuvolozelweni xa intombi yakhe iRina yafa eMoscow kwindlala. Nangona kunjalo, i-peesess nayo ayinalo ulwazi malunga nomlingane, ngethemba lokuba uThixo uza kwenza ummangaliso kwaye amshiye ephila.
Kwaye emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, umbhali wafudukela eConstantinople. Kuphela ngo-1921, uMarina Ivanovna wafumana iindaba ezilungileyo kumyeni ophilayo. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1922, kunye noAriad Efron balandela onyuliweyo eBerlin.
Kungekudala uSergey wazalelwa unyana kaGeorge. I-Humor eneendlovu yayihamba ukuba utata webhayoloji yenkwenkwe yayingumhlobo wakhe uKonsstantin rodzevich. Le meko phantse yasebenza njengoqhawulo-mtshato. Kodwa uMarina Ivanovna akazange abubone ubomi bakhe ngaphandle kwendoda eshushu ethandekayo, icela ukuba ihambe. Iqabane lakhe lalingaqiniseki ngobulukhuni lwesigqibo sakhe, ngoko ke wafudukela kwintsapho waza wafudukela eParis.
Ephesheya, umyeni womyeni waqalisa ukuphoswa yiSoviet Union. Wayeqonda: Ukulwa kunye ne-bolshevings, yalwa nabantu bakhe. I-poetess yabona ukuba utata wabantwana bakhe wayexinezelekile, kwaye etafileni kukho incoko malunga nelizwe liphela. Kwangelo xesha, i-Efron yaqala ukusebenzisana neenkonzo ezikhethekileyo zeSoviet, waqeshwa.
Ngo-1937, uluntu lwabuya eLeningrad. I-poetess yamlandelela kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-2. Kwaye ukumbona oyintanda yakhe emva kokuzahlulwa, wothukile: Kwaphoxhumala ukuba uxhokonxa lonke ixesha. Kwachukunyiswa kakhulu kukuhlulela, kwaye iqabane alifumananga amandla okulula.
Indalo
Ngaphandle kwebhayiloji ye-fogic, umbhali wayishiya inzala emangalisa ukunyaniseka, ibali "lobuntwana". Ingabizwa ngokuba sisipho somtshato kwiqabane elincinci (incwadi yapapashwa ngo-1912). Kwicebo sithetha ngamakhwenkwe amabini, abo banikwe ubulumko obukhethekileyo. Kwaye kwisahluko sokugqibela, "iwizard" yayingumfanekiso weqhawe kaMariya, ngokufanayo ne-Tsvetaeva.
Incwadi ethi "Amanqaku eVolontiya" aquka amabali kunye nezincoko, kubandakanya nenqaku lokufuduka. Le misebenzi inikelwe kumxholo wemfazwe, ukuvolontiya kunye neziphumo zayo kwikamva kunye nokwazi kwabantu. Njengelungu leli xesha, umbhali wachaza ukulwa kuka-Okthobha eMoscow, nakwimihla yemfazwe yamakhaya. Olunye uhlobo lwedayari luyekisiwe iingcinga zakhe ezinxulumene nokukhangela kobomi.
Umsebenzi odibeneyo wababhali ababini abanetalente - imibongo, imisebenzi kunye neeleta omnye komnye-baqokelelwa ekuqokeleleni "Hayi emhlabeni wesibini". Yimbali yolwalamano, apho imicimbi yomtshato wabo isebenza khona, iqala ngotshintsho kwaye iphele ngokunyanzelwa.
Ukufa
Ukubanjwa kwearhente yangaphambili i-NKVD yenzeka ngo-Okthobha 10, 1939. Ibanjwa lathuthunjiswa ukuba lifumane ulwazi malunga nezinye iintlola ezivela "noNonau" kunye nenkosikazi nentombi yakhe. Kodwa i-Efron Awi ukungqina ukuba ubathandekayo.
Iminyaka emibini kwiimeko ezinzima ezikhokelela ekuthobeleni nasekuhlaleni. I-Sergey Yakovvich idluliselwe kwiSebe lezeMnyango le-psychitric ye "bhwela". Oogqirha baseka isigulana se-myocardis engapheliyo kunye nemo ebukhali yeNeuraShenia. Kwabhalwa ukunciphisa umda unxibelelwano kunye nemizimba yophando.
I-Tsvetaeva izamile ukutsala umyeni wakhe, ukubhala iileta zokutsala umnxeba uPavlovich Goria, kodwa ngelize. Ngo-1941, ibanjwa laligwetywa. Unobangela wokufa kwesatellite yobomi beembongi ezintle wadutyulwa. Ngokudibeneyo kunye nelinye 135 lagwetywa kwesona sweni liphezulu labulawa kwibheyile ekhethekileyo ye-NKVD nge-16 ka-Okthobha kwalo nyaka. Apho, kukho umphathi, kwaye yingcwaba lakhe, apho, ngaphandle kwe-efron, amanye amaxhoba enzala yezopolitiko bayangcwatyelwa.