Biography
Ngokuka-Dmittras Bykov, uYuri Kazakov wayeqhelekile kwimisebenzi yakhe. Umbhali wamabali athambileyo kunye nenoveli ebomini bakhe yayinguGubhi, echaza amagama amabi. Iprosi ye-poetic ikhule kumbhali njengentyatyambo kwi-cacto.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Inkosi yeefom ezincinci zoncwadi zazalwa nge-8 Agasti, ngo-1927 eMoscow. Ubuntwana kunye nokufikisa, uYuri wadlula kwigumbi eli-15 leemitha kwindlu yoluntu ekwindlu 30 kwi-Arbat.
Abazali bombhali-abafuduki abavela kubahambi beMveliso yeSmolensk, kodwa, kwimbali yosapho, utat'omkhulu yura ebuhleni bendlu ye-Beshky, apho intombazana ilahle iNkosana yaseMeshchersky. Ukuba ibali lenyani, iprose iza isihlobo esikude uNikolai Karazin.
Utata uPavel Gavrilovich Umntwana okwishumi elivisayo wafudukela eMoscow kwaye waqala umsebenzi webhayiloji yomfundi womfundi wefoto, kodwa emva koko wasebenza njengomchweli kunye neplumber. Indoda leyo yayiyindoda elungileyo nenamenzeli eyaphukileyo kwiingcambu, kodwa inesifo sobukhoboka.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uPavel Gavrilovich wathunyelwa eMoscow kwiPhondo laseVyatka: Ngubani osela i-Dyacks kwiNkampani ekhankanyiweyo eTambovchina. Emva kwemfazwe, utata wosapho wayehlala eLyg - ilali kwisikhululo sikaloliwe kwingingqi yeKirthangenils, ngamanye amaxesha indwendwe kwinkosikazi yakhe nonyana wakhe eMoscow.
Umama wombhali u-Ustinya Andreevna, kwi-Moscow nanny kwizindlu zeNkosi, emva koko wafunda umongikazi. Ngokungafaniyo nomyeni wakhe, umfazi wahlala ethembekile waya kwi-thelensk goggles kunye neenkolelo zasemaphandleni. Kwintsapho yaseUSTIGANA ROVenodeli, kwaye xa inkedama yakhe ye-niece, yathatha intombazana ukuba ihlale kwigumbi elinye. Kwabo beza eMoscow, umama eYura waphulaphula amabali malunga nobomi obufana nobomi obutsha, kwaye ukhunjulwe ixesha elide.
U-Ustinya Andreevna wayenebhongo ngemisiko yonyana wakhe ngu. Kwanase kwinkwenkwana ye-Kindergarten, akuva ingoma kunomathotholo, ethatha ngokulula ingoma kwi-Balalalaica. Emva kwexesha waqiniseka.
Umama ukhuthaze umthambo womculo, ekholelwa ukuba iya kuhlala inika indoda eneqela lesonka. Ukufunda nokubhala i-USTINA ephathwe njengexesha elingenanto. Ngeencwadi zikaYuri, ebuntwaneni, baqhelene namagumbi okufunda amathala eencwadi. Inkwenkwe ingakumbi inkwenkwe iwathanda amabali kunye nebali malunga nokuzingela, nto leyo emdala yaba yinto yokwenyani yombhali.
Ngexesha lemfazwe, umama nonyana bavumile ukuba basebenzise umsebenzi omnyama - bacocwe umkhenkce kwibhlorho yolwaphulo-mthetho, i-barged barges ngeetapile kunye neklabishi kumlambo weMoscow. I-YURA ikhusela "ukuqaqamba" eluphahleni. Xa ibhobhoza kwiyadi eselumelwaneni, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo wayenomsindo, kwaye okuseleyo kwabakhweli. Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo, "ubomi bubury yaseKazakova" Ipapashwe kwiBali loXwebhu, umbhali waqalisa ukuqhutywa kwiminyaka emi-6: ndinesalathiso kwireferensi, i-Lingrie inobukrakra yasoyika.
Ukususela ngo-1942, uYuri waqalisa ukufunda kwisikolo somculo kwiklasi yeCello, kodwa kungekudala wafudukela kwindawo yokuguquguquka kwetyala kabini. Ngo-1944, umfana wangena kwi-MOSCOW uyilo loyilo kunye neSikolo soBugcisa esakhiweyo, kwaye ngo-1946 kwisikolo somculo esibizwe emva kwe-genesini.
Ngokutsho kobungqina beminyaka emininzi ye-Uuri Pevlovich - uMarina Litvinova uqulato, iKazakov ayizange iphumelele kwisikolo sasesekondari, kodwa yathenga isatifikethi kwimarike yaseMytishchi.
Ukufumene idiploma ye "Gnesink", uYuri waba yibhetri yendawo yethiyetha ebiziwe emva koKonstantin Stanislavsky kunye neVladimir neMirovich-dachenko. Isebenze kwiikomiti zeJazz, kodwa wakhawuleza waqonda ukuba umculo awunguye umlambo wakhe. NgoNovemba 20, 1952, warhoxa kwi-orchestra. Ngo-1953, isicubu se-Ex-singeke kwiZiko loLwazi, elimelana nolwabiwo-mali abantu abayi-100.
Ubomi Buqu
KwiZiko leLitin, uYuri wayengabahlobo bakaTamara Zhrun, kodwa ngo-1963 abadala eklasikhi batshata nemeko nomphathi wePavel Skeske.I-Roman no-Marina Litvinova Prosaika yaqalisa ekuqaleni kwehlobo lowe-1960 kwaye lathatha iminyaka emi-5. Umguquleli uphefumlelwe ukuba abhale "kwidayana elingangentla". Uthando lukaMarina lubonakaliswe kumabali eKazakov "ezimbini ngoDisemba" kunye "nezihlangu ezipinki".
NgoJuni 1965, abathandi, bangoobani, bafunda iincwadi baza kwi-Russian North, bahlukane neekomiti zokuyila. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, uYuri wacebisa ukuba adibane kwaye athi kufuneka aqhubeke nolwalamano, ngenye indlela atshata nentombazana entle efunyanwa nguye. U-Litvinova uphendule ukuba uyavuma isicelo seKazakov, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni uya kuqalisa ukuphathwa ngotywala.
Kwanaphakathi kobudlelwane bothando, uMarina waphawula ukuba uYura wayexhomekeke kutywala. Kodwa, xa i-Litvinova yathetha ngemfuno yonyango kunye noMama kaYuri, u-Ustinya Andreevna uthathe umbono we-bayonets kwaye wawubopha ucango kwisiphatho sonyana wakhe kwintanda.
Ngenxa yoko, i-cossacks yatshata "nentombazana elungileyo" ebiyileyo "i-tamar mikhalovna szdnik. NgoSeptemba 1967, inkosikazi yayo yamzalela umbhali wonyana uAlesha. I-monologing katata, ejongene ne-Alezey encinci, yaba ngamabali ahlabayo "amaqhekeza" kunye "ephupheni, walila ephupheni."
Nangona kunjalo, intsapho yobomi bukaYuri noTamara ayizange isebenze. Unyana uyagula kakhulu. Umvuzo wombhali uswele unyango, ukutya, ukusela kunye nokugcina indlu eAbramtvo, apho intsapho yayihlala khona usapho. Indlu ye-Cossacks yendlu ethengiwe ngentlawulo yokudluliselwa kwe-trilogy ye-kazakh prosaik abditsaril nurpeisov "igazi kunye ne-sweat". UTamara wamshiya umyeni wakhe, wathabatha uAlya, kodwa emva koko uzimisele ukuphila inkwenkwe kwi-Mnusk.
Ukuwa kuka-1969, iKazakov yayisihlambululo sentliziyo kumava, sicaphukiswe yi-microinfarct. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, uYuri noTamara bazamile ukuphinda baphinde basebenzise ubudlelwane, kodwa isikhephe sosapho, saphukile ngobomi, sasingenakuyiglu.
I-Stanislav Remedin ibonakaliswe i-Cossadin njenge "ikratshi, elinekratshi, i-sturing kunye ne-narcisciel jam jam." Nangona kunjalo, olu phawu luphikisana noncedo olunenkani, apho uMbhali ka-Adam no-Eva wabenza obenzela umntu osebenza naye kumasifundisane woncwadi.
U-Yuri Pavlovich ugcinwe i-Evgenia Yevthedhenko ekubeni uzibulale emva kokwahlukana emva kokwahlukaniswa yimbongi nikita khrushchev. I-Cossacks ixhase imizuzu emibi ka-Andrey Voznensensen kunye neYuri Trifonov, ithembekile kubuhlobo kunye nomntu ofunda naye i-mikhail roshchin. Ngokuka-Litvinova, kwibali le "Trali-Voi" ngokomfanekiso wesiphithi, sinesiphiwo sikaThixo sokucula, sibonisa ukuba sizimisele, kwiiMemori ezizeziMgaba .
Indalo
Ngokutsho kolunye lweenguqulelo, i-Cossacks wayefuna ukuba ngumbhali ukuba axelele abantu ngezinto zokutsalwa kwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, kwiidayari zolutsha, abantu abaphindwe kabini babhala ukuba wayefuna ukuzukiswa, kwaye umbhali uza kufezekisa i-ome ibe lula kune-orkstra.
Ukupapashwa kokuqala kukaYuri yayingumthetho omnye "umatshini omtsha", oprintwe ngo-1952 kwi-Administration Discaration. Kwimeko engaphezulu ye-bibliografi, amaKazakov eyahlula amabali kunye namabali amafutshane.
Ukongeza kwimisebenzi ekhankanyiweyo, iNovella "i-Pacific", "I-CRUTTTR-Inja eyomisayo" (malunga nenja engalunganga), "ekwenzeni amahlathi e-Oak" (malunga nokutshabalalisa uthando "). I-Cossacks ifikelela kwi-verices yohlobo, igama lakhe yiprimiyamu, ngonyaka anikwa iMagazini "kwihlabathi elitsha" ngebali elililo.
Ngo-1964, uYuri Pavlovich uthatha inxaxheba ekubhaleleni umcuphi odibeneyo "ohlekisayo ohlekisayo." Emva kweminyaka emi-3, umbhali waya eFransi, apho izixhobo ziqokelelwa kwinoveli malunga ne-Ivan Bunin, awayeyithanda kakhulu. Kodwa ifom enkulu ayizange yoyise uMyili onetalente yezindlu zomkhosi, kwaye izicwangciso zihlala zingangenzi.
Ukufa
Ekupheleni kwexesha le-1992, i-Cossacks yafa yedwa kwiSibhedlele saseMkhosini saseMoscow. Unobangela wokusweleka kombhali oneminyaka engama-55 ubudala wayenengxaki yeswekile kwaye wabetha ngenxa yobunxila. Kwisibhedlele saseburhulumenteni, uYuri Pavlovich, kwiminyaka yakutshanje ehlala kumgama owayemfazwe kwaye ekhathazekile kwigumbi lokuphumla eAbramtvo, ngaphambi nje kokuba aphulukane nokwaphula umthetho "wolwaphulo-mthetho".Kwisikhumbuzo saseburhulumenteni, uFyodor Abramov wabizwa ngokuba yiKazakov uGenius. Ingcwaba lika-Yury Pavlovich kwindawo ye-vagankkov. Kwifilimu yefilimu yase-Ardady Cordon "Mamela, nokuba kunethayo ngo-1999, indima yombhali yayidlalwa ngu-Alexey Petreko. UCordon wadibana neprosaik ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwebali lakhe "inkwenkwe evela kumgodi wekhephu," ixelela malunga ne-Artic Artic.
Imemori
- U-Eugene Evturhečni's poem "
- Lo mbongo we-Andrei Voznensky "Hunt
- ISikhumbuzo seSikhumbuzo eMoscow kwi-Arbat, inombolo yeNdlu 30
- I-Yuri Kazakova yeyona bali ilungileyo, inikezwe liMagazini "kwihlabathi elitsha"
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1954 - "kusasa"
- Ngo-1956 - "luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- Ngo-1957 - i-teddy
- Ngo-1958 - "I-Comtur-Inja eyomisayo"
- Ngo-1958 - "Manka"
- Ngo-1959 - "Kwisistandend"
- Ngo-1960- "Iphumelele inja!"
- Ngo-1961 - "Endleleni"
- Ngo-1961 - "ekwindla kwihlathi ye-Oak"
- Ngo-1963 - "ubusuku bonke"
- Ngo-1963 - "Ndiyakhala kwaye ndikhala"
- Ngo-1964 - "igwetyiwe emantla"
- Ngo-1966 - "ezimbini ngoDisemba"
- Ngo-1977 - "kwidayari yoNxweme"
- Ngo-1977 - "ephupheni, wakhala kakhulu"
- Ngo-1977- "UKUZUZA I-LOPSCHOYI"
- Ngo-1980 - "Oleni uphondo"
- Ngo-1986 - "Ubusuku obuBini"