Biography
I-Antique Science Polybiay yaziwa ngokuba yimbali, ipolitiki, imfazwe kunye nombhali wemisebenzi yesiseko eyafikelela ngokuyinxalenye yosuku lwangoku. Umbhali utolikeli amakhulu emisitho enokwenzeka eGrisi kunye ne-GREORTES ukusuka kwi-220 ukuya kwi-146 ukuya n. NS.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ngokutsho kwabantu abafunda imbali yehlabathi lakudala, ipolybiy yazalwa malunga ne-200 bc. NS. Kwisixeko samaGrike yeMegalopolis, eyayikwiPenintorsusula ebizwa ngokuba yiPelonnese. I-biology yokuqala yesayensi yaba nefuthe kunxibelelwano lwegazi nosapho lwe-Aristocrats ezityebileyo, kwindawo ekuhlala kuyo, bayazihlonipha oonyana abafundileyo ababesebenzela iNcedo.
Utata Likort wayeyinkokeli yasemkhosini eyaziwayo kunye nezopolitiko ngexesha lobukho be-Azase Union. Njengomphathi weqela lase-Endiaterian, igosa lalwa nomkhosi wecandelo lechibi lomlawuli womphathi kwaye waphakathi kwabameli bathumela kwinkosi yase-Egypt.
Kwiminyaka evuthiweyo, ilungu elinefuthe loluntu lwamaGrike lafumana isikhundla sobuchule. Oku kwavumela usapho apho kwakuvela umntwana, aphile ngaphandle kweengxaki zempahla.
Unyana womntu onempembelelo ekhula phantsi kweliso lootitshala. Ootitshala abakwinqanaba eliphezulu bamfundisa ngokuchanekileyo iingcinga zikarhulumente, funda kwaye ubhale.
Umsebenzi wembongi edumileyo yeHomer kunye nemisebenzi yesithandi-sobulumko esidumileyo sisetyenziswa njengezibonelelo. Kwizixhobo zeklasikhi, inkwenkwana ifumene ubugcisa bobuchule kunye neendlela zokuqhuba iimbambano ngezichasi ezichasayo.
Ukugweba ngeekowuteshini ezincwadini, iPolybium, ngokungafaniyo nabanye abemi, babengathathi ntweni kwinkolo. Njengomntwana, amagama oothixo baseOlimpiki awazange amkhuthaze.
Amagosa anamava ayebandakanyeke kuqeqesho lomzimba neyasemkhosini, unyana kaLikort wayemiselwe kwimikhosi entloko, kwaye wayeqhele ukuqeqeshwa kwemihla ngemihla. Ukugweba ngokwemifanekiso yamandulo kunye nebhombu, ipolybiy yayinenkangeleko enenkalipho kunye nomzimba ophuhlileyo.
Ngokufikisa, ummeli wosapho olunembeko ohamba notata onamagunya angowoza. Ngenxa yoko, wayekuthanda ukukhwela nokuzingela iintaka kunye nezilwanyana.
Ukuhambahamba kwihlabathi liphela, lo mfana wayecinga ngolwazi ngokubhala ngokubhaliweyo "kwimbali yendalo iphela". Akazange aphoswe ithuba lokuqhelana nabantu abangaqhelekanga ababedibana nabo endleleni.
Eselula, umhlaba waseGrisi wamandulo wathatha inxaxheba kumngcwabo womngcwabo wommiselo obalaseleyo, owayengase-Ahasey wacwangcisa. Ulwelo lwexesha elizayo luthuthumbeze i-elutha yothuthu lwePhilomemen, lubangela umona wamakhulu abantu.
Ubomi Buqu
Malunga nobomi bobuqu bembali yasePolybia azaziwe, akukho lwazi kwimithombo yakudala nawuphi na abafazi abasemthethweni.Nangona kunjalo, ukuqondiswa kuyagcinwa ukuba ngenxa yemfundo e-Aristocal kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lobukrelekrele, inzala yeelayisensi ithathiwe kwizindlu ezityebileyo zeRiphabhlikhi yaseRoma. Kwacingelwa ukuba isazinzulu siphumelele ukuzithemba kwe-Compal Lucia Emilia Pavelky kwaye wakhulisa abantwana bakhe i-FILIAIANA.
Ebudeni, umcebisi uxhasa ubudlelwane obunobuhlobo nomfundi owayengumfundi owaba yimfazwe yesithathu nxamnye ne-purasic ye-purthagen, kwaye wajoyina isangqa esidumileyo.
Umsebenzi kunye nobuchule
Ngo-169 okanye i-170 BC. NS. I-Polybia yonyulwe yi-hippuch. Inqanaba legosa le-cavalry lavumela iintetho zabemi kwaye bathabatha uhambo. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi wokuqala wezopolitiko wawunikela ekugcineni kwenkululeko yeMetropoli kunye nenkxaso yoxolo lwemimandla yoxolo enemimandla engummelwane.
Umbhali-mbali wamandulo ongumGrike wazama ukunxibelelana nabantu abanobukumkani baseRoma, basondela kwiMfazwe yesithathu yaseMakedoni. Imsondeze kunyulo ukuya kwisithuba sezokucebisa, okanye umphathi-mkhosi wentloko yomkhosi wasedolophini.
Njengomcebisi kumphathi, uLucia Emilia Polybii wathatha inxaxheba kwiphulo nxamnye noMlawuli waseMakedoni Perbas. Kwimeko yoyisiwe, wabanjwa umbanjwa otyholwa ngokungahambelani namalungiselelo amaninzi. Kwindawo ye-Itali yale mihla ihleli iminyaka eliqela.
Ukungakhathalelwa kwintshukumo ye-hippuarh ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiindlela ze-Alexandria, iJiphutha, i-Gides kunye namazwe aselunxwemeni lweAtlantiki. Emva kokubuya, wawakhetha ukohlwaya i-carthage, kamva lo msitho wajika wazigculela iinkcukacha eziqaqambileyo zebali kwaye uvale umxholo womsebenzi wabasebenzi basekhaya.
Ukutshintsha imeko yezopolitiko kwavumela iPolybia ukubuyela ekhaya. Wayethathe inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zeKhomishini yaseSenethi esenziwa kuguquko lukazwelonke, kwaye negalelo ekulondolozeni kwenkcubeko yamaGrike.
Ngeli xesha, imbali "yendalo idumileyo" yadalwa, eyilwe, ngokombhali, igubungele lonke ilizwe elingezwe. Ekuqaleni, umxholo wophando yayiziganeko ezenzeka ukusuka kwi-220 ukuya kwi-168 BC. e., kodwa ke ixesha lelo liye landa kude kube kukuwa kwe-carthage.
Iincwadi ezingama-40 zazijongwa njengenye yezona mpumelelo zibalulekileyo zesayensi yamandulo yamaGrike. Ngelishwa, i-5 kuphela i-5 yogcino igcinwe. Ngokwabo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugwebe lo mbono wembono ye-POLYBIA, eqwalasele ukuba ibali lenzelwe ukunyanzela abantu bathathele ingqalelo abantu bexesha elizayo kwaye bathembele kumava ezizukulwaneni owayehlala kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezadlulayo.
Kwangelo xesha, wabiza ithamsanqa (Tyje), eyokuthanda abahlali abanobukroti kunye nabahlali abazizixeko zikarhulumente. Isandla sakhe sibonakalise ukuba sinethamsanqa okanye kukulindela kweziganeko ezenzeka eluntwini kwaBadlali abaphambili beMbali.
Njengomzekelo obonakalayo, isayensi yathatha iingxabano phakathi kweHannibal kunye ne-Skipio yase-Africa, kunye nedabi likaTiin, uTrebia, ipidne, ne-cannes. Iinkcazo ezimibalabala zezi kunye nezinye iimfazwe zexesha lokusekwa kunye noluntu lwamaGrike kwaye iRiphabliki yaseRoma inokusetyenziswa njengemifanekiso ethembekileyo yexesha elithembekileyo.
Umbhali wesincoko sevolumu ezininzi wayejonge iikhonsepthi zelizwe kunye nelungelo, elaphenjelelwa ziimfundiso zetsikiso. Wavuma ukuba ukumiliselwa kwezi ntshukumo zenzeke ngokwendalo kunye nophuhliso loluntu.
Ukufa
Imisebenzi ye-Greek Greek Greek Greek kwaye imbali ixabiseke kakhulu kwi-Aristoraty. Kwiqela lezixeko, iPolybia yanika iiNdumiso kwaye ihlonipheni - zombini ebomini kwaye emva koko.
Abantu abasezantsi bakhathazelela malunga nokuphulukana ne-wigalopolis, abaswelekayo, ngokweengxelo ezithile, eneminyaka engama-82.
Malunga nonobangela wokwenene wokufa kuka-Hellen odumileyo okwangoku. U-Lucian waxela ukuba umcebisi wangaphambili uLucius uEmilia wenzakala ekuweni kwehashe.