Biography
I-American Poetesss Louise Glitch ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 kubuchule obunikezwe amabhaso amabhaso, kodwa eyona iphambili kwibhaso le-Nobel yoyiswa kuphela ngo-2020."Ilizwi le-poetical engathandabuzekiyo elingumnikazi umntu ngamnye obekho kwindalo iphela," uloyiso lwayo luhambelana kakhulu.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Louise Elizabeth Gluck wazalelwa kwi "MAG" USA "e-USA eNew York nge-22 ka-Epreli ngo-1943. Ngobuzwe, ungumabanga, nangona abazali babekuzuza njengelifa igazi elixubeneyo. Umama wakhe uBeaburis (ngobukhulu be-GROSBY) wayenemvelaphi yaseRussia-iMbuso, kwaye uDaniel Giltch wazalwa usapho lwamaYuda aseHungari.
Ixesha lokuqala lebhayiloji laza laya libuhlungu - ugqirha ochithwayo wabandezeleka ngenxa ye-nevous anorexia. Ufumene izizathu zoku kuba luhlobo lwetyhefu kunye nonina nokufa kukadadewabo kaSusanna. Le yokugqibela isenokwenzeka ukuba ichukunyiswe kuba le ntombazana ibhubhile ngo-1941 - ngaphambi kokuzalwa komvuzo we-Nobel.
Esi sifo siqhubele phambili, kwaye kwiklasi yokuthweswa isidanga saseGeorge W. Hewlett yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo uLouise Glietch waqalisa unyango. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa kuye kwafuneka ndishiye isikolo, kodwa wayesafumana iDiploma ngo-1961. Malunga nexesha lobomi babhala:
"Ndiye ndaqonda ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ndiza kufa. Ndandisazi ngokuqaqambileyo kwaye ndithandabuzekile ukuba andifuni ukufa. "Ukuhlaziywa, okwaziyo iminyaka esi-7, yenza uhlengahlengiso olukhulu kubomi boomesi. Ngenxa yokungazinzanga ngokweemvakalelo zemvakalelo kwaye kulandelayo, ayikwazanga ukufumana imfundo ephezulu ngendlela yesiko. Ngokudibeneyo, uLouise Gluck uthathe izifundo zezifundo zemibongo kwiKholeji yaseSarare, kwaye ukusuka ngo-1963 ukuya kwi-1963 ukuya kwi-1966 abafundi abasesichengeni.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukuzinganyanya kwengqondo akuzange kuphazamise nentombazana ukuba yenze ubomi bakho. Ngo-1967, watshata noCharles Hertz-omncinci, ugqirha we-gastroenilogist. Umtshato wehlekelo wayengonwabanga kwaye wawa kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa kamva.Umyeni olandelayo uLouise Glitch waba ngumbhali owaziwayo uJohn Dranu. Ngexesha lokutshata ngo-1977, usapho lwabo lwalusele lukhe wancama umntwana wonke. Ukuphela konyana woonongengo bakaNowa Dranu wazalelwa ngo-1973, xa wayeneminyaka ubudala, waba ngumkhwa. Ngo-1990s kwaye lo mtshato waphela uqhawule umtshato.
Imibongo
Eselula, uLouise Glittch waphupha kakuhle ngabantwana. Kodwa ngenxa yemanyano noCharles, iHertz - umncinci wayeyingqokelela yemibongo '(1968). Abagxeki baxatyiswa kakhulu kwaye i-Frank isebenza, eyayika, ewe, yaqumbisa i-Syndrome. Nawuphi na umzamo nguLouise Bhala ubuncinci umgca uphele nge-hysteria.
Kuyenzeka ukuba woyise intlekele kuphela emva kwe-1971 - yayikukuba ke i-LaureAte yeBhaso yeNobel yaqala ukufundisa uThixo ekholejini. Imibongo awayibhalayo ngexesha lokufundisa yayikwingqokelela yengqokelela "kwiNdlu yoMsebenzi" (1975). Ngoku izithsaba ezininzi zoncwadi zibiza le ncwadi yenguquko, inikela ubungqina ekuvelisweni kwe-voisa ye-voisa ebonakalayo.
Njengommiselo, kufanele kubekho ukusilela ukuphakanyiswa okuphezulu. Yenzekile ke kwingqokelela "Umzobo ongezantsi" (1980). Abagxeki babona kumaphepha akhe intiyo ngesiquphe umbhali kubantwana. Imicimbi ekhethekileyo yavela kumbongo "wathandwayo". Kodwa, ngaphandle kwale nto, imibongo yomfazi yahlala kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
NGO-1980, usapho lwaLouise Glyuk lutshise indlu ngayo yonke ipropathi. Eminye imibongo, eqanjwe kumaza okuphelelwa lithemba, wangena kwingqokelela "yokubhiyozela i-Achilla" (1985). Abagxeki bathi ngumbulelo onombulelo ophakathi kwababhali abaphambili baseMelika ngo-1980.
Ingqokelela elandelayo "(1990) ivele njengempendulo kwiziganeko ezimbi-uLouise Glyc waphulukana notata wakhe. Kwinqaku ye New York Times, uDwight Garner wabiza le ncwadi "i enzima kakhulu kwaye umzekelo buhlungu yesihobe American iminyaka engama-25 edlulileyo."
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, eyazisa i-Nobel Parce ukuba iphumelele i-Arena, "yi-Iris yasendle" (1992). Umbongo yingxoxo yeentyatyambo kunye nomgcini wegadi kunye neyona mikhosi iphakamileyo malunga nobomi bobomi. Incwadi yanikwa ibhaso le-pitzer. Ikwayingqokelela kuphela (phakathi kwayo yonke i-bibliography ye-louise glitch), eyayiguqulelwe kwisiRashiya.
Ukufikelela ekuthandekayo, i-poetess ayizange ishiye ubuchule. Ngokuchasene noko, tyiwa kwelona xesha lesiqhamo. Ngo-1990 nango-2000, wakhulula iingqokelela ezi-6 kunye nombongo "Oktobha", azinikezele kwihlaselo lobunqolobi ngoSeptemba 11, 2004.
Louise Glitch ngoku
Ibhaso le-Nobel kwincwadi lelona bhaso linobukrelekrele kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto, kodwa ngenxa yeemeko ezihamba nentetho yakhe.Ngo-2018, umzekelo, ophumeleleyo akazange abhengezwe ngenxa yesondo esothuka uJean-Claude Arno. Umfoti watyholwa ngabafazi abali-18 bahlukunyezwa. Omnye weziqendu zaphelelwa ngokuvalelwa. I-Arno Catarina Frozentesson isebenze iminyaka emininzi kwi-Sweden Royal Academy yeSayensi, amalungu ayo akhetha uNobel. Ukuze ungakhathazeki uluntu (emva koko kwincopho yokuthandwa yisenzo sikaMetoo), eli bhinqa lalihluphekile ilungelo lokuvota.
Ngo-2019, i-Laureate ye-Nobel Burte Preska yayisesikhundleni sesikhubekiso. Hayi ubuchule bubungele imibuzo, kunye neembono zakhe zezopolitiko. Umbhali unamathela kwicala leSerbia kwi-Yugoslav Wars yeminyaka yoo-1990. Ngenxa yoku, inkcazo yebhaso loyise amanye amazwe, kubandakanya neBosnia naseHerzegovina, eTurkey, iAlbania. Iziphumo zokungqubana kwembambano yayikukurhoxa kwelinye lamalungu e-Suden Royal Academy yeSayensi, echaza uluhlu lwabagqatswa bebhaso likaNobel.
Ngo-Oktobha 8, 2020, yaziwa ukuba uLouise Glyk waba enye i-nobel. Ezi ndaba zingenazindleko ngaphandle kwengxoxo-nangona kunjalo, ngamanqanaba asezantsi. Akukho mntu wagxothwa kwaye engangeni entolongweni. Kodwa amanye amazwe, kuquka iRussia, waphawula ukuba phakathi kwabaviwa bafanele. Ngokucacileyo iyathetha nge-lymila ulitskaya, ekwangena kuluhlu olufutshane.
Umzekelo, umbhali waseRussia Dmimy Patkov, wagqabaza ngeziphumo zeBhaso le-NOBEL 2020: "
Louise Glitch, mhlawumbi yindoda elungileyo kakhulu. Andinanto ngokuchasene nebhaso lakhe. Kukukhubekisa kakhulu ukuba abantu abaninzi abanesiphiwo kunye namazwe ahlala apho.Nangona kunjalo, uLouise Gluck wema kumqolo omnye ngeHerman Hessa, i-Erst Heimingway, Josen Bhokazi noKazuo Apiiuro. Yayingubani othathe imbasa-yezigidi ezili-10 izithsaba zaseSweden. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ababhuki beebhuku zemithi abanokubangela abaphumeleleyo abaveli, ngokungafaniyo nesitrato esifanayo seLlummila.
Amabhaso
- Ngo-1968 - Ibhaso le-American Academy yeembongi
- Ngo-1981 -Ubamba iAmerican Academy ye-American Academy yoBugcisa kunye noNikelo
- Ngo-1985 - UMelville Kane Prize
- Ngo-1992 - I-National Pay Chace Rebecca Jhnsson Bobbit kwicandelo lemibongo
- Ngo-1992 - Ibhaso le-pitzer
- 1992 - UWilliam Carlos wills
- Ngo-1995 - I-Martha Albrand Ibhaso lelona tshintsho libalaseleyo
- Ngo-1999 - Ibhaso lencwadi uLannan
- Ngo-1999 - Imbasa yephepha lephephandaba "I-Yorker entsha"
- Ngo-2001-Imbasa yeSikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 yesikolo soluntu, ubugcisa kunye neeSayensi zeNtloko zeMassachusetts Institute yeTekhnoloji
- Ngo-2001-Ibhaso laseBollicen
- Ngo-2008 - I-Wallace iBhaptizi Stevets Academy yeembongi zaseMelika
- Ngo-2010-I-Aerkena Taylor Ibhaso leMibongo yanamhlanje
- Ngo-2014 - Ibhaso leNcwadi yeSizwe lomsebenzi owona mbongo
- Ngo-2015 - igolide yegolide yeAmerican Academy yoBugcisa kunye noNcwadi kuMbongo
- Ngo-2015 - Imbasa ye-US yeGosarigaria
- I-2020-Ibhaso le-transstremer
- I-2020-Ibhaso le-NEELB kuncwadi