Biography
U-Ivan Buchholz yinkokeli yasemkhosini kunye nomsunguli wenqaba ye-Omsk. Ukuba liqabane likaPeter I, lithathe amaphulo e-Azov kwaye likhonzwa njengoMyalelo weSelengantsk. Wazilawula iindawo, umda ne China. Enkosi kuye, yomelezwa ngumda we-Trans-Baikal State kunye nokuqulunqwa kobudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kweRussia neChina.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Ivan Bachholz wazalelwa kwintsapho yamaJamani awosiweyo. Ababhali-mbali abanakubonelela ngolwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nomhla wokubonakala kwayo, kodwa uyaziwa ukuba wazalwa ngo-1671. Izihlobo zikarhulumente zafudukela eRussia ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeXvii. Utata ka-Ivan Dmitevich wayengumphathi. Umama, iRussia ngobuzwe, yaza yaba ngumntu odumileyo.
Ebutsheni bakhe, uIvan wakhonza kumkhosi owonwabileyo kaPetros i, kwaye ukusuka kwi-1689 wayedweliswe kwi-premozyky. Umsebenzi wakhe waqala nephulo le-Azov. I-Buchholz ithathe inxaxheba kwiMfazwe yaseMazantsi, apho yakwazi ukwahlula kwaye ihambela phambili kwinkonzo, kwaye kwiimfazwe ezisondeleyo kwi-Nyava.
Ubomi Buqu
Malunga nobomi bobuqu be-Ivan Buchtholtse yazi kancinci. Umfazi kaIvan Dmitevich wabizwa ngokuba yiMariya Tarich. Utata womnyulwa wakhe wayengumkhweli kwaye ijoni lixakekile ekuphuhlisweni kwengingqi ye-Yakut kunye neKamchatka. Umntwana wavela eManyano, intombi leyo ibizwa ngokuba ngu-fekla. Ukukhula, intombazana yatshata noColoneli Nikozoi almazov kwaye yazala abantwana abasixhenxe.Umsebenzi
Ngo-1714, uPeter ndathunyelwa yi-buchholz ukuya eTobolsk yezixhobo zezinto ezikhuthazayo kunye nokukhuthaza eLake Dameyh. Igosa lalifanele linyuke nge-Irtutssh ukwakha ulwakhiwo oluzikhuselo, emva koko, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Eletch, ukukhangela iipleyiti zegolide. Ulwazi malunga nobukho beedipozithi ezifanayo, uMongami u-Matvey Matvey Gagarin.
Ukuqokelela iqela labantu abasibhozo, abameli be-Pretobrazhensky, ivan Dmitevich ivela kwi-St. Petersburg eMoscow, apho amanye amagosa ajoyine iqela lakhe. Ekupheleni kukaNovemba abantu abali-15 befika eTobolsk kwaye bafumana i-tagmen yamawaka ayi-1,5 ebonelelwe nguGagarin. U-Ivan Buchholz wathobela inani elincinci labantu elabiwe, kodwa iRhuluneli yaseSiberia izamile ukwenza ngezixhobo ezincinci. I-Matvey Gagarin yohlwaywa kwimeko yemfuneko kwaye yandiswa lutshaba lokubhala isicelo sokwandisa inani lezinto zokuchithwa.
Iphulo elithathe inxaxheba kwi-ispantry, ii-drouns, abaculi, iiMasters nabarhwebi abanempahla yentengiso. Ngehlobo le-1715, ukuphuma kohambo olusuka kubantu abangama-2932 wenyuka umlambo i-Ittyssh. Iintsana kunye needragodi ezihamba kunye neenqanawa ezihamba ngehashe. Ngo-Okthobha, bafika kuloo ndawo, kwaye ukwakhiwa kwenqaba yeIyyshev yaqala.
Ekuqaleni kobusika, i-buchholts yathumela iindaba ze-Tsar, ezinika ingxelo ye-Tsalyks ye-squady yeqela lakhe lincinci, kodwa uPeter ndifumene ileta emva kweenyanga ezili-9. I-Lieutenant Colonel ikwacele ukuqiniswa kwiGagarin. IJungan Khan Zavan-Rabaga, ifuna ukuba amajoni ashiye umhlaba wasekuhlaleni, afumana ukwala. Kwibusika ye-1716, inqaba ye-myshivsk yahlasela umkhosi wamajoni amawaka ali-10. I-bloedede yaqala. Uncedo lwabantu lwalususwe lutshaba, kwaye ongqingiweyo akazange azame ukuyiphelisa.
Ababhali-mbali bavumelana ngokokubona, nokuba uIvan Bhoghholz babonisa ukungahambelani kwaye akhokele amanye amatyala okubonakala okanye wayengumqeshwa obalaseleyo olandela irhuluneli yaseSiberia. U-Ivan Dmitrievich akazange anike izakhono zothetha-thethwano zokuseka ubudlelwane ne-jings, kwaye ngo-Epreli abantu baseRussia bayeka inqaba. Izakhiwo zazingamabhodlo, kwaye abantu abasindayo base-700 baya eTobolsk kwiinkundla ezili-18.
Kwelo ndawo i-Omi, apho amaJuyo angenazo izinto, iinqanawa zokuhamba-hamba azizange zitshutshiswe. Ngemvume kaGagarin Bachholtts yema kwaye yaqala ukwakhiwa kwenqaba ye-Omsk. Ukwakhiwa kolwakhiwo kwakubandakanyeka kubantu abathunyelwe yigrafu. I-1300 Ukuphindaphinda yabandakanyeka kulwakhiwo lweendonga. Umsunguli wase-Omsk wabuyela eTobolsk, kwaye ukusuka apho waya eSotsburg.
Uphando lokungaphumeleli kokukhutshwa kwe-Colutenant Colonel, ukumkani waziphatha mntu. Kwavela ukuba iiwayini zokuwa kwee-xosholts zaba luqeqesho olugwenxa. U-Ivan Dmitrievich wagwetyelwa, kodwa wathotyelwa kwinqanaba kwaye wathunyelwa kwizibhedlele zentloko. Emva koko, waba ngumyalelo kaNerva, inqaba engenandawo yokufika emkhosini.
Ngo-1723, i-buchholz yaya eSiberia ngomyalelo we-yakuti ngokuba yiTobolsk. Emva kokuba efumene isihloko seColonel, kunyaka emva koko, ijoni lalisele eTransbaikal. Ngo-1726 kwiDee Tee ne-Saya Raguzezinsky, wahamba noBukhosi eQing. Wafumana igunya lokulawula umhlaba ukuhlangana komhlaba kunye nemeko engummelwane evela eRussia.
U-Ivan Dmitrievich Bichholz waseka iKyacht, eqinisekisa ukusebenzisana nokunxibelelana nonxibelelwano neChina. Ngo-1727, ngenxa yeenzame zakhe, kwamiswa inqaba entsha ye-plapavlovsk emlonyeni wenkukhu. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, eSelengansk, i-Standel yanikezela ngamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza ukuya kweyentathu iZaiaisangam, ibenza babe nefayile yaseRussia. Uye waxelela nomntu osebenza kwizangaphandle kwimicimbi yezangaphandle malunga nokuziphatha konxibelelwano lwentengiso eKyakhte.
Ngo-1730, ngaphezulu kwe-150 yukufika kumda waseTshayina ngelungelo lokubonelela okanye ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubumi baseRussia. Ehlotyeni lwe-1731, kwathunyelwa i-Afisi ye-Staterigator ukuba ihlolwe kunye nokukhuselwa kwezixeko zaseSiberia ukuya kwintsimi yomda. I-Buchholts enyulwe i-brigadier kwaye iphathiswe iposti yomphathi we-Selengansk. Kwisikhundla ebesisiya kwi-1740. Ngexesha lokugula kwejoni sele kugula. U-Ivan Dmitrievich warhoxa ngenqanaba elabelweyo.
Ukufa
Umhla wokusweleka kukarhulumente wahlala uyimfihlo, kodwa ababhali-mbali bayayifunda lo mbandela. Kucingelwa ukuba uIvan Buchholts akazange abe ngo-1741. Imfihlakalo yokufa ihleli iyimfihlo.Imemori
- Igama elithi e-Ivan Buchholts eOmsk libizwa ngokuba sisitrato kunye nesikwere phambi kwesikhululo soMlambo.
- Ibhodi yeSikhumbuzo kwisakhiwo seSikhululo seMilambo ngo-1987
- "Umpu" kwi-diggy ye-Irgssh kunye ne-OMOMEC ngokuzukisa i-I. D. Buchholts njengenye yeendawo zokuqala zesixeko saseOmsk
- U-Ivan Buchholz yenye yamaqhawe eenoveli ngu-Alexei Ivanov "tobol. Uninzi lubizwa ngokuba "ne" tobol. Bambalwa abakhethwe "